scholarly journals Analysis of the structure and severity of comorbid pathology in patients with arterial hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 288-296
Author(s):  
Angela Yurievna Dolova ◽  
Inga Arsenovna Kodzokova ◽  
Aksana Muhamedovna Kardangusheva ◽  
Irina Khasanbievna Borukaeva ◽  
Fatima Batalovna Gamaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Charlson Index ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
Severe Comorbidity ◽  
Comorbidity Index

The purpose of the research is to study the structure and severity of comorbid pathology in hospitalized patients with arterial hypertension. Material and methods. The study included 140 adult patients (29% men and 71% women) with arterial hypertension and comorbidity receiving therapy in the cardiology department. The average age of the patients was 64.3 ± 12.0 years. The Charlson index was used to assess comorbidity. Results. The average Charlson index in our study was 3.97 ± 2.0 points. Moderate and severe comorbidity was observed in 77.6% of patients with arterial hypertension. When analyzing the frequency of concomitant pathology, one disease was detected in 7% of the examined, two in 28%, three in 14%, four in 23%, five or more in 28%. The structure of concomitant pathology is represented mainly by chronic cerebral ischemia (26.3%), rhythm and conduction disturbances (20%), diseases of the bronchopulmonary (14.8%) and digestive (12.7%) systems. Analysis of risk factors for comorbidity revealed heredity aggravated by cardiovascular diseases in 33.3% of patients with arterial hypertension, smoking in 7.3%, overweight in 27%, obesity in 62%, and abdominal obesity in 87%. Obesity was not diagnosed in all men and 85.4% of women, which indicates that this risk factor for comorbidity was not taken into account. Conclusion. The introduction into the practice of managing patients with arterial hypertension and comorbidity of scoring the presence of concomitant diseases by calculating the Charlson comorbidity index will increase the accuracy of assessing the prediction of their ten-year survival. Identifying and correcting the main risk factors for comorbidity and concomitant pathology in patients with arterial hypertension can reduce disability and mortality.

scholarly journals METABOLIC SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Ayesha Anwer ◽  
Majid Kaleem ◽  
Hassan Abbas ◽  
Asif Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the importance ofindividual IHD risk factors and major components of the metabolic syndrome associated withIHD. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Cardiology Department ofGulab Devi Chest Hospital Lahore. Period: Nov, 2015 to Feb, 2016. Methodology: Patientsof either gender and from 20 to 90 year of age admitted with IHD via emergency departmentwere recruited after informed consent. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was evaluated inthese patients. In addition the individual component of metabolic syndrome as risk factor of IHDwas calculated. The data was analysed by using the SPSS version.16. Results: The metabolicsyndrome present in 44.67%of IHD patients and more prevalent in men 52% than in women48%. Total of 150 patients of IHD studied with both gender as male 94(63.33%) vs female 55(36.67%). The most common risk factor of metabolic syndrome for IHD was high blood pressurepresent in 75% of patients followed by diabetes in 50%, abdominal obesity 40.67%, low HDL42.67% and high TG in 32%. Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent amongIHD patients especially in men. The most common risk factors are hypertension and diabetes.

scholarly journals The relationship of risk factors and heart remodeling in patients with metabolic syndrome and arterial hypertension

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
E. L. Polozova ◽  
E. V. Puzanova ◽  
A. A. Seskina ◽  
N. S. Nefedov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiology Department

Introduction. Arterial hypertension (AH) is a widespread disease in the population of the world. It also acts as one of the constituent components of metabolic syndrome (MS), which is a global “epidemic” of our time. Target organs in such patients are affected much earlier and their changes are more pronounced than in hypertensive patients without metabolic disorders. It is important to study the contribution of risk factors to the progression of cardiac dysfunction in this category of patients.Purpose of the study. To study the influence of risk factors on heart remodeling in patients with hypertension, burdened and not burdened by metabolic disorders, selected for clinical analysis from the cardiology department of the Republican Clinical Hospital № 4, Saransk in 2016-2019.Materials and methods. For clinical analysis, 139 patients were selected from the cardiology department of the Republican Clinical Hospital No. 4, Saransk. Depending on the presence of metabolic disorders, the following groups were identified: Group I (n = 72) – patients with MS and AH; Group II (n = 67) – AH patients without metabolic disorders. The study evaluated the morphological and functional state of the myocardium and risk factors in the analyzed groups.Results. In the group of patients with hypertension, aggravated by metabolic disorders, more pronounced processes of cardiac remodeling were revealed. It has been shown that patients with MS develop both eccentric and concentric models of left ventricular hypertrophy. The influence of the level of blood pressure and body mass index is differently reflected on the type of restructuring of the geometry of the myocardium. Patients with hypertension combined with metabolic disorders have a wider prevalence of risk factors. The burden of risk factors is higher in patients with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy and MS.Conclusions. The role of metabolic disorders in the mechanism of cardiac remodeling development in patients with hypertension in combination with MS was determined. 

scholarly journals Distinct influence of different vascular risk factors on white matter brain lesions in multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Geraldes ◽  
Maciej Juryńczyk ◽  
Giordani dos Passos ◽  
Alexander Prichler ◽  
Karen Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Vascular Risk Factor ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Vascular Risk

ObjectiveTo determine if vascular risk factor (VRF), that is, smoking, arterial hypertension (HT), dyslipidaemia and diabetes, have an effect on multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology as measured by MS typical brain lesions, we have compared brain MRIs from patients with MS with and without VRF age-matched and sex-matched.MethodsBrain MRIs from five centres were scored for the presence of Dawson’s fingers (DF) and juxtacortical lesions (JCL). A regression model was built to predict the effect of each individual VRF on DF and JCL, considering age and disease duration.Results92 MS cases without VRF and 106 MS with one or more VRF (80 ever-smokers, 43 hypertensives, 25 dyslipidaemics and 10 diabetics) were included. Ever-smoking associated with a higher burden of DF (Exp(B)=1.29, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.51, p<0.01) and JCL (Exp(B)=1.38, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.57, p<0.01). No other VRF had an impact on DF. Dyslipidaemia associated with increased JCL (Exp(B)=1.30, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.56, p<0.01) but HT did not associate with any of the outcomes.ConclusionsIndividual VRF appear to affect MS-specific lesions differently. An increase in MS lesions was mainly seen in smokers; however, this VRF is most likely to be present from onset of MS, and other VRF effects may be partly mitigated by treatment. Our findings support that treating VRF and cessation of smoking may be important in the management of MS.

scholarly journals ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
Rafaqat Malik ◽  
Shazma Begum ◽  
Muhammad Nazar Afridi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The frequency of modifiable risk factors of acute myocardial infarction variesgreatly in different countries and populations of the world. Objective: To find out the frequencyof modifiable risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Design: Cross-sectionalstudy. Setting: Cardiology Department. Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, Period: 1st Jan2015 and 30th June 2015. Material and Methods: A total of 224 patients of acute myocardialinfarction Patients were enquired about the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus,smoking and family history of ischemic heart disease. Fasting blood sugar and lipid profilewere recorded. Results: Out of 224, 90.6% patients had at least one risk factor. Hypertensionwas found to be the most common risk factor (55.4%), followed by smoking (43.8%) andDiabetes Mellitus (27.2%). Dyslipidemia was found to be the least common (23.2%) risk factor.Conclusion: Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor in patients of acutemyocardial infarction, followed by smoking and diabetes.

scholarly journals The Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease and its Relationship with Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Eka Fithra Elfi ◽  
Eva Decroli ◽  
Ellyza Nasrul ◽  
Yanwirasti Yanwirasti ◽  
Eryati Darwin
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
History Of ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death and start with injury to the endothelium of a coronary artery. The common feature of endothelial dysfunction is a decrease of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability that regulated by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity. AIM: The aim of our study was to study the relationship between risk factors of CHD patients with the level of eNOS. METHODS: Thirty-seven outpatients in cardiology department of the regional public hospital diagnosed as CHD were included in our study. Thirty healthy individuals were included as the control group. Risk factors of CHD were identified according to anamnesis and laboratory finding. eNOS was measured by ELISA methods. RESULTS: Endothelial NOS levels were significantly higher in the CHD when compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The most dominant risk factor for CHD is overweight, and followed by dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, history of CHD, and diabetes mellitus. eNOS in CHD patients who had one risk factor was 37.598 ± 0.1541 ng/ml, two risk factors 42.154 ± 22.329 ng/ml, three risk factors 25.329 ± 6.083 ng/ml, four risk factors 22.483 ± 4.022 ng/ml, and five risk factors 15.994 ± 4.774 ng/ml. There were significant differences in the average eNOS levels based on the number of risk factors (p < 0.05), and a tendency that more risk factors in CHD patients, the lower the average level of eNOS. CONCLUSION: In our study, eNOS levels showed highly significant relation with CHD and related to the number of risk factors those the CHD patients had.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Its Relationship With Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changrong Nie ◽  
Changsheng Zhu ◽  
Minghu Xiao ◽  
Zhengyang Lu ◽  
Qiulan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) is a common complication in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OHCM). The risk factor of PH in patients with OHCM has not been fully elucidated, and even atrial fibrillation (AF) was considered a risk factor of PH. Thus, our study aimed to investigate risk factors of PH and the relationship between PH and AF in patients with OHCM.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 483 consecutive patients diagnosed with OHCM at Fuwai Hospital (Beijing, China) from January 2015 to December 2017. Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were compared between patients with and without PH.Results: Eighty-two (17.0%) patients were diagnosed with PH in this study. Compared to patients without PH, those with PH were significantly older, had a lower body mass index (BMI), were more likely to be female and more symptomatic [New York Heart Association Class 3 or 4 symptoms], and had a higher AF prevalence. A multivariate analysis indicated that AF was an independent risk factor of PH (odds ratio [OR] 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–5.20, p = 0.042). Moreover, PH was independently associated with a higher AF incidence after adjusting for age and left atrial diameter (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.07–4.72, p = 0.034).Conclusion: AF was independently associated with PH in patients with OHCM. Further, PH was significantly associated with an increased risk of AF, which suggested that AF could aggravate PH and that PH may promote AF processes, forming a vicious circle.

scholarly journals Chronic Brain Ischemia: From Risk Factors to Cerebrovascular Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yusupov ◽  
Sh. Nurmatov ◽  
N. Abdykalykova ◽  
A. Yuldashev ◽  
M. Abdykadyrov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Cerebrovascular Complications ◽  
Cerebral Blood Supply ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia ◽  
The Brain

Chronic cerebral ischemia is a polyetiological, chronic progressive dysfunction of the brain caused by diffuse and / or small focal damage to the brain tissue in conditions of prolonged insufficiency of cerebral blood supply. The review reflects the current understanding of chronic cerebral ischemia. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of the onset of chronic cerebral ischemia in patients with arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and smoking are outlined.

scholarly journals Predictive Capacity of Three Comorbidity Indices in Estimating Mortality After Surgery for Colon Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (26) ◽  
pp. 4339-4345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Hines ◽  
Chakrapani Chatla ◽  
Harvey L. Bumpers ◽  
John W. Waterbor ◽  
Gerald McGwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
Severe Comorbidity ◽  
Comorbidity Index

Purpose Although, for patients with cancer, comorbidity can affect the timing of cancer detection, treatment, and prognosis, there is little information relating to the question of whether the choice of comorbidity index affects the results of studies. Therefore, to compare the association of comorbidity with mortality after surgery for colon cancer, this study evaluated the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27), the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) Comorbidity Index, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Patients and Methods The study population consisted of colon cancer patients (N = 496) who underwent surgery at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital from 1981 to 2002. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were obtained using the method of Cox proportional hazards for the three comorbidity indices in predicting overall and colon cancer–specific mortality. The point estimates obtained for comorbidity and other risk factors across the three models were compared. Results For each index, the highest comorbidity burden was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (ACE-27: HR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.15; NIA/NCI: HR = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.29 to 2.61; CCI: HR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.88) as well as colon cancer–specific survival. For the other risk factors, there was little variation in the point estimates across the three models. Conclusion The results obtained from these three indices were strikingly similar. For patients with severe comorbidity, all three indices were statistically significant in predicting shorter survival after surgery for colon cancer.

scholarly journals Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for vascular complications of diabetes

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
I. A. Bondar' ◽  
V. V. Klimontov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Angiopathies ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development

Vascular complications are a leading cause of reduced quality and longer life of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The mechanisms of development of these complications are not fully disclosed. It is known that in not all cases the occurrence and progression of diabetic angiopathies can be explained by traditional risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, arterial hypertension, smoking or dyslipidemia. Therefore, the search for the missing links in the pathogenesis of angiopathy remains an extremely urgent task.

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