scholarly journals Combatting the Danger of a Single Story: Empirical Comparison of Resource Availability among Ibadan Rural and Urban Pre-School Centers, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-214
Author(s):  
Iyanuoluwa Emmanuel Olalowo ◽  
Ishola Akindele Salami
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Public Preschool ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Resources Distribution

Learning in the early years of life is not just an intra-personal effort of the child alone; rather, it involves the interplay of several social factors, which can affect a child’s development. However, literature that considered and presented these factors as obtainable within preschools mostly revealed their facts and figures in a single story of either urban or rural preschools, cheering an uneven intervention from developmental agencies afterward. This study sought to provide an empirical comparison of the state of preschool resources in Ibadan rural and urban communities. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population includes public preschool centers in Ibadan. A proportionate stratified sampling technique was used to select 20% of the preschools from two selected local governments of Ibadan which represent the urban and rural communities. A total sample of 33 preschools was used. Data was collected using Pre-primary School Resources Availability Checklist (PREPSRAC, r = 0.89). Findings were that classroom resources are more available in urban preschools compared to rural pre-primary schools of Ibadan contrary to generalized remarks. Equity rather than equality of resources distribution is therefore recommended as a way of discontinuing the danger of a single story in pre-primary education for promoting equal learning.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Faktor Keuangan Dan Karakteristik Pemerintah Daerah Terhadap Financial Distress

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 3160-3178
Author(s):  
Yoli Wulandari ◽  
Fefri Indra Arza
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Audit Opinion ◽  
West Sumatra

This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Factors (Effectiveness Ratios, Efficiency Ratios, And Growth Ratios) and Local Government Characteristics (Financial Independence Of Local Governments, Population, Area, And Audit Opinion) on the Financial Distress on the Districts/ Cities in West Sumatra Province in 2016-2018. The data in this study use secondary from BPK and BPS. The sampling technique uses a total sampling method with a total sample of 19 districts / cities wtih a period of time of 4 years. Analysis of the data using binary logistic regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that (1) ratio of effectiveness has a negative and not significant effect on financial distress, (2) Efficiency ratio has a positive and not significant effect on financial distress, (3) growth ratio has a positive and not significant effect on financial distress, (4) The financial independence of local governments has a negative and not significant effect on financial distress, (5) population has a negative and significant effect on financial distress, (6) Area has a positive and significant effect on financial distress, (7) Audit opinion has a negative and not significant effect on financial distress.

scholarly journals Meningkatkan kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan transparansi dan akuntabilitas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Rahandhika Ivan Adyaksana ◽  
Lutfi Alqurani
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Positive Effect

This research aims to determine the effect of accountability and transparency on the performance of local governments.  The method used in this research is quantitative.  The data used was primary data and obtained by visiting the location directly (field research) and providing a research questionnaire to the respondent.  The research population was consisted of employees working in SKPD of Bantul Regency. Total population is 29 SKPD in Bantul Regency. The sample selection method uses purposive sampling technique.  Total sample is 86 respondents were obtained by distributing questionnaires in 2019. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression.  The variables in this study are Accountability (X1), Transparency (X2) and Government Performance (Y).  The results of the study prove that accountability and transparency have a significant and positive effect on government performance

scholarly journals A Future for a Rural Past: An Investigation of Rural Communal Life in New Zealand, through an Architectural Analysis of Rural Halls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Grosvenor Morgan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Rural And Urban

<p>Since the early years of colonisation, rural settlements in New Zealand have undergone much change. The built infrastructure that once supported close-knit rural communities has become largely obsolete, degenerating into disrepair. Within this context of rural decline, my thesis explores the relation between rural buildings and communal living. In so doing, I offer a conceptualisation of a new rural facility, as an incubator for new communal experience, appropriate for bringing rural and urban dwellers together. My focus is specifically community centred on rural halls within Taranaki's Stratford District. In offering a critical analysis of their demise, I contend that rural halls in New Zealand have undergone this change through processes of urbanisation. Urban dwelling has given rise to a lack of agricultural knowledge, providing a disassociation between urban residents and their earlier ties to the landscape and farm practices. The development of new forms of social life has aided an increase in the degree of physical separation between individuals and their neighbors. The traditional physical sense of belonging to a close-knit rural community has been transformed if not destroyed. Belonging to a community is, I contend, a vital psychological requirement for humans. My theoretical stance is that buildings can and do support a sense of community. From a regenerative perspective, there is arguably a trend of moving back to rural environments as people seek out alternative ways of dealing with the overbearing issue of contemporary urban living. The built rural infrastructure may be of importance to New Zealand's current and future generations. This thesis explores the possibility for a reinterpretation/adaptation of rural New Zealand halls in expressing physical rural 'communal life' in a contemporary context. Critical Regionalist and Adaptive Reuse architecture theories are utilised to test this contention. The design ventures a new archetype, a new hub for a rural settlement that will include new facilities, whilst extending and reworking the traditional social roles of rural halls. Through fostering a renewed form of communal life and providing an environment that fuses rural and urban skill-sets, this facility is intended to breath new life into these former rural communities and in particular, the abandoned rural halls.</p>

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Determinants of Tuberculosis-Associated Stigma in Rural and Urban Communities of Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
David A. Oladele ◽  
Mobolanle R. Balogun ◽  
Kofoworola Odeyemi ◽  
Babatunde L. Salako
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Lagos State

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health concern in Nigeria. TB-associated stigma could lead to delayed diagnosis and care, treatment default, and multidrug resistance. Understanding of TB-associated stigma is therefore important for TB control. The study is aimed at determining and comparing the knowledge, attitude, and determinants of TB-associated stigma. Methodology. This was a comparative cross-sectional study among adults in urban and rural areas of Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were selected through a multistage sampling technique and interviewed using a semistructured questionnaire, which contained the Explanatory Model Interviewed Catalogue (EMIC) stigma scale. IBM SPSS Statistics Software package version 20 was used for analysis. Results. A total of 790 respondents were interviewed. High proportions of respondents in rural and urban areas were aware of TB (97.5% and 99.2%, respectively). Respondents in the urban areas had overall better knowledge of TB compared to the rural areas (59.4% vs. 23%; p < 0.001 ), while respondents in the rural areas had a better attitude to TB (60.5% vs. 49.9%; p = 0.002 ). The majority of respondents in rural and urban areas had TB-associated stigma (93% and 95.7%, respectively). The mean stigma score was higher in the urban compared to rural areas ( 17.43 ± 6.012 and 16.54 ± 6.324 , respectively, p = 0.046 ). Marital status and ethnicity were the predictors of TB-associated stigma in the rural communities (AOR-0.257; CI-0.086-0.761; p = 0.014 and AOR–3.09; CI-1.087-8.812; p = 0.034 , respectively), while average monthly income and age of respondents were the predictors of TB-associated stigma in urban areas (AOR–0.274; CI–0.009-0.807; p = 0.019 and AOR-0.212; CI–0.057-0.788; p = 0.021 , respectively). Conclusion. TB-associated stigma is prevalent in both rural and urban areas in this study. There is therefore a need to disseminate health appropriate information through the involvement of the community. Also, innovative stigma reduction activities are urgently needed.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN SIBLING RIVALRY DENGAN PENYESUAIAN SOSIAL PADA ANAK USIA 11 – 12 TAHUN DI SD 02 GENUK UNGARAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masruroh , ◽  
Riska Nur Ramadhana
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sibling Rivalry ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Village Midwife

ABSTRAKSibling Rivalry adalah permusuhan dan kecemburuan antara saudara kandung yang menimbulkan ketegangan diantara adik dan kakak. Hal ini tak dapat disangkal bahwa perselisihan antar adik dan kakak akan selalu ada. Sibling rivalry akan terlihat ketika umur mereka 3-5 tahun dan terjadi lagi pada umur 8-12 tahun pada usia sekolah.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan sibling rivalry dengan penyesuaian sosial pada anak usia 11-12 tahun di SD Negeri 02 Genuk Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi seluruh anak  usia 11-12 tahun di yang mempunyai adik di SD Negeri 02 Genuk Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang bulan Agustus 2016 sebanyak 39 anak. Jumlah sampel 39 responden dengan teknik sampling menggunakan total sampling.Alat pengambilkan data menggunakan kuesioner dan uji yang dilakukan menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden tidak mengalami sibling rivalry  sebanyak 24 responden (61,5%) dan yang mengalami sibling rivalry sebanyak 15 responden (38,5%). Sebagian besar responden penyesuaian sosialnya baik sebanyak 23 responden  (59,0%) dan penyesuaiannya buruk sebanyak 16 responden (42,0%). Ada hubungan antara sibling rivalry dengan penyesuaian sosial pada anak usia 11-12 tahun di SD Negeri 02 Genuk Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang  nilai p 0,025 < =0,05.Ada hubungan antara sibling rivalry dengan penyesuaian sosial pada anak usia 11-12 tahun di SD Negeri 02 Genuk Ungaran Kabupaten Semarang Kata kunci    :      Sibling rivalry, penyesuaian sosial                         PATIENT SATISFACTION DELIVERY GUARANTEE ON MATERNITY SERVICES BY A VILLAGE MIDWIFE IN PATI REGENCYABSTRACTSibling Rivalry is animosity and jealousy between siblings cause tension between brother and sister. It is undeniable that the dispute between the brothers and sisters will always be there. Sibling rivalry will look when they are 3-5 years of age and again in the age of 8-12 years at school age.To know the relationship sibling rivalry with social adjustment in children aged 11-12 years in 02 primary schools Genuk West Ungaran Semarang District.This research is a correlation with cross sectional approach. The population of all children aged 11-12 years in having a sister in SD Negeri 02 Genuk West Ungaran Semarang District in August 2016 as many as 39 children. Total sample of 39 respondents by using a sampling technique total sampling. Pengambilkan tool data using questionnaires and tests were performed using chi square test.The results showed that most respondents do not experience sibling rivalry as much as 24 respondents (61.5%) and those with sibling rivalry as much as 15 respondents (38.5%). Most respondents good social adjustment as much as 23 respondents (59.0%) and poor adjustment as much as 16 respondents (42.0%). There is a relationship between sibling rivalry with social adjustment in children aged 11-12 years in 02 primary schools Genuk West Ungaran Semarang District p value 0,025 <_ = 0.05.There is a relationship between sibling rivalry with social adjustment in children aged 11-12 years in 02 primary schools Genuk West Ungaran Semarang District.Keywords: Sibling Rivalry, social adjustment

scholarly journals A Future for a Rural Past: An Investigation of Rural Communal Life in New Zealand, through an Architectural Analysis of Rural Halls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James Grosvenor Morgan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Rural And Urban

<p>Since the early years of colonisation, rural settlements in New Zealand have undergone much change. The built infrastructure that once supported close-knit rural communities has become largely obsolete, degenerating into disrepair. Within this context of rural decline, my thesis explores the relation between rural buildings and communal living. In so doing, I offer a conceptualisation of a new rural facility, as an incubator for new communal experience, appropriate for bringing rural and urban dwellers together. My focus is specifically community centred on rural halls within Taranaki's Stratford District. In offering a critical analysis of their demise, I contend that rural halls in New Zealand have undergone this change through processes of urbanisation. Urban dwelling has given rise to a lack of agricultural knowledge, providing a disassociation between urban residents and their earlier ties to the landscape and farm practices. The development of new forms of social life has aided an increase in the degree of physical separation between individuals and their neighbors. The traditional physical sense of belonging to a close-knit rural community has been transformed if not destroyed. Belonging to a community is, I contend, a vital psychological requirement for humans. My theoretical stance is that buildings can and do support a sense of community. From a regenerative perspective, there is arguably a trend of moving back to rural environments as people seek out alternative ways of dealing with the overbearing issue of contemporary urban living. The built rural infrastructure may be of importance to New Zealand's current and future generations. This thesis explores the possibility for a reinterpretation/adaptation of rural New Zealand halls in expressing physical rural 'communal life' in a contemporary context. Critical Regionalist and Adaptive Reuse architecture theories are utilised to test this contention. The design ventures a new archetype, a new hub for a rural settlement that will include new facilities, whilst extending and reworking the traditional social roles of rural halls. Through fostering a renewed form of communal life and providing an environment that fuses rural and urban skill-sets, this facility is intended to breath new life into these former rural communities and in particular, the abandoned rural halls.</p>

scholarly journals Determinan ketidakpatuhan terapi antiretroviral pada orang dengan HIV/AIDS dewasa

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Zulpahmi Harahap ◽  
Eggi Arguni ◽  
Theodola Baning Rahayujati
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Screening Programs

Determinants of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adults with HIV/AIDSPurposeThis study aimed to determine the factors of non-adherence ARV therapy in adult PLWHA.MethodsA case-control study was conducted using secondary data of the Cilacap VCT clinic with consecutive sampling technique. The total sample was 204, consisting of 102 cases and 102 controls (1:1). The cases were adult PLWHA who did not adhere to ARV therapy and the controls were adult PLWHA who adhere to ARV therapy. The bivariate analysis used Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests and multivariate analysis used logistic regression tests. ResultsThe variables that were shown to jointly affect non-adherence to ARV therapy in adult PLWHA were the level of education, CD4 count, PMO and opportunistic infections.ConclusionsThe risk factors of non-adherence to ARV therapy in adult PLWHA were the level of education, PMO, CD4 count and opportunistic infections. There needs to be a special assistance and counseling program on a regular basis to PLWHA adults with low education, obligating all PLWHA adults that start ARV therapy to have a PMO, continue HIV screening programs to entire population at risk and advocate the local governments to facilitate PLWHA who can not afford to obtain CD4 test .

Pengaruh keputusan investasi, keputusan pendanaan, dan kebijakan dividen terhadap nilai perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Patrisia ◽  
Muthia Roza Linda ◽  
Ursa Yulianti
Keyword(s):  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Company Value

This study aims to analyze the effect of investment decisions, funding decisions, and dividend policy on the value of the company. This research is classified as causative research. The populations in this study are all Manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2012-2016. The sampling technique in this study is using purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 213 samples. The data used is secondary data. The data analysis method used is multiple regression. The results showed that investment decision variables affect the value of the company in a positive direction, funding decisions affect the value of the company in a negative direction, and dividend policy affects the value of the company with a positive direction on Manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. With this research, it is expected that researchers who can further conduct research related to factors that influence the value of the company whose impact is higher than what researchers have met. By using different proxy and data processing methods to produce more accurate data processingKeywords: Investment decisions; funding decisions; dividend policy; company value

HUBUNGAN TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK DAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT KELUARGA TERHADAP KEJADIAN ASMA BRONKIAL PADA ANAK USIA 5 – 10 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMPAKE KOTA SAMARINDA TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Evi New Yearsi Pangadongan ◽  
Agustina Rahyu ◽  
Selvy Pasulu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
And Gender

Bronchial Asthma generally starts from childhood which is condition where respiration channel experiences constriction because of hyperactivity with some specific stimulation which cause inflammation. Some risk factors are smoking exposure of cigarette smoke, weather changes, mite on house dirt, pet and history of family sickness. The purpose of this research is to know Relation of mite on house dirt, exposure of cigarette smoke  and history of family sickness with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10  years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016. Method which used was analytic survey with Case Control approaching. The total sample was 36 children which consisted of 18 case group and 18 control group with matching by using age and gender which submitted with Purposive Sampling technique. Data Analysis used Chi Square with wrong degree α = 0,005. The result showed that there was relation of mite of house dirt (p = 0,006), history of family sickness (p = 0,001) and no relation with exposure of cigarette smoke (p = 0,370) with bronchial asthma incident to child 5 – 10 years old on working area of Puskesmas Lempake Samarinda City in 2016.

EFFECT OF TOKEN ECONOMY THERAPY FOR REDUCING ATTACHMENT BEHAVIOR AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Ramaita Basri
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attachment Behavior ◽  
Public Health Services

Attachment behaviors are behaviors experienced by children when they would leave their homes and families to join his friends at school he regarded as strangers. This behavior can interfere with the functioning life of the child so that the child can not be independent, and parents should be involved more in the activities of children. The study aimed to determine the effect of economic token therapy for reducing the attachment behavior among Kindergarten Students. The design of this study was quasi experimental with pre and post with control group. By using multistage random sampling and consecutive sampling technique with a total sample of 68 people who experienced attachment behavior. Consisted of 34 peoples as intervention group and 34 peoples as control group. Bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test and mann-whitney test. The results showed that there were significant differences of attachment behavior before and after entering the token economy intervention in the intervention group compared with those in the control group (p = 0.000). Token economy therapy has positive effect to reduce attachment behavior of kindergarten student at the beginning of learning process in the kindergarten school. The application of economic token is recommended to overcome the attachment behavior of existing preschool children in schools and in the general public health services.   KEY WORDS: Attachment behavior, Token economy, Kindergarten students.

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