scholarly journals Mycological Profile in Otomycosis Patients: A Cross Sectional Hospital Based Study in Tertiary Care Centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Nitin Ankale ◽  
Jyoti M Nagmoti ◽  
Utkarsh Anand
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Hot Humid Climate

Introduction This study was conducted to study the fungal profile in otomycosis patients in the tropical region of North Karnataka. A total of 108 samples of symptomatic otomycosis were investigated in this study. Materials and Methods Aural swabs were collected on 1st visit and these swabs were immediately inoculated over Sabouraud’s dextrose agar media and incubated at 37 degree Celsius for culture of fungi. Results Fungal pathogens were isolated in 89 samples, 18 samples were negative and 1 sample was reported as being contaminated. Fungi belonging to genus Aspergillus was isolated in 92.11% of cases of which Aspergillus niger was commonest isolated in 38(41.57%) followed br Aspergillus flavus 32(35.95%) and Aspergillus fumigatus 7(7.86%). Candida species were found in 2(2.24%) and Mucor in 1(1.12%). The most common symptom was Itching 91(84.25%). In this study ear discharge was the commonest finding (44.44%) followed by Black mycotic plug (28.70%). Conclusion Otomycosis is a condition encountered in hot, humid climate with symptoms like itching and ear discharge. Aspergillus and Candida are the fungal species responsible for majority of cases. Local antifungal treatment with measures like keeping the ear dry resolves most of the cases.

scholarly journals Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 positive obstetrics patients in tertiary care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2676
Author(s):  
Medha . ◽  
Neeta Chaudhary ◽  
Smita Tyagi ◽  
Kirtigiri G. Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Satisfactory Condition ◽  
Fluctuating Course

Background: COVID-19 disease had been declared as a public health crisis by WHO by the end of 2019. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy including symptoms, disease severity, risk of vertical transmission and perinatal and neonatal outcome have been the subject of research. Preliminary studies showed a fluctuating course of the disease ranging from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to even maternal death. However, recent evidences suggest that effect of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy may not lead to adverse maternal and neonatal outcome.Methods: In this cross sectional prospective observational study, we analysed 60 pregnant women infected with SARS- CoV-2 and their neonatal outcome, who tested positive for COVID-19 at district hospital, and were referred to Muzaffarnagar Medical College, were enrolled in this study.Results: The majority 96.7% (58) of these women were asymptomatic with cough being the most common symptom which was present in 3.3% (2) of the women. 24(75%) women developed pneumonitis radiologically, but they were asymptomatic, so intensive care was not required. Along with 76.08% (35) perinatal/neonatal outcomes were observed normal.Conclusions: In this study we observed that most of the women with COVID-19 were asymptomatic or with mild symptoms. Even though they were asymptomatic, most of the patients showed pneumonitis changes radiologically but still they didn’t require any intensive care, had good recovery postpartum and were discharged under satisfactory condition. The neonatal outcome was highly favourable.

scholarly journals Clinico-demographic profile of deceased patients with coronavirus disease in a tertiary care centre of central India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2474
Author(s):  
Rupali A. Patle ◽  
Ashok R. Jadhao ◽  
Priya B. Dhengre ◽  
Manjusha A. Dhoble
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference

Background: The covid pandemic started from Hubei, Wuhan in December 2020 then covered many other countries including India. Understanding the demographic and clinical characteristics of deceased COVID-19 patients could inform public health interventions focusing on preventing mortality due to COVID-19. The present study was done with the objective of studying the socio-demographic and clinical profile of deceased patients with coronavirus disease.Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study on 1190 deceased patients of coronavirus disease in a tertiary care hospital of central India which is a dedicated covid hospital from 11 March 2020 to 28 February 2021. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of deceased patients were recorded.Results: Overall case fatality rate was 13.24%. Maximum number of deaths occurred in the month of August 2020 and September 2020 were 372 (31.26%) and 477 (40.08%). It was higher in the males 791 (66.47%) as compared to females 399 (33.53%), but the difference was not significant. The most common symptom was fever on hospitalization 924 (77.65%), followed by generalized weakness 771 (64.79%). 352 (29.58%) patients died within 24 hours of the admission to hospital. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus were the most prevalent morbidity in 557 (46.80%) and 357 (30.00%). It was found that 232 (19.50%) deceased patients had oxygen saturation less than 50% on admission.Conclusions: Higher age and presence of co-morbidities at the time of admission were significantly associated with mortality.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Rahul Pathak ◽  
Tshering Wangdi Sherpa ◽  
Anurag Jha ◽  
Rabin Hamal ◽  
Sabin Thapallya
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colonoscopic Examination

Introduction: The prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) has gradually increased in Asia over the last few decades. However, there is a paucity of data regarding UC in Nepal. This study analyzed the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with UC. Methods: This is a hospital based, cross-sectional study. Data was collected among 100 individuals admitted to the hospital with UC from June 2016 to May 2018. A descriptive analysis of the demographic and clinical characteristics was done. Results: Of the 100 patients 51 were male (M:F ratio 1.04:1). Average age at diagnosis was 38}12.53 years. 55% of the patients were Brahmins, 16% Kshetris, 8% Newars, 1% Muslim while the remaining 20% belonged to other indigenous ethnic groups. 79% of the patients were newly diagnosed cases while remaining 21% were admitted for acute flares of the disease. Rectal bleeding (85%) was the most common symptom followed by diarrhea (70%), tenesmus (63%), urgency (61%), pain abdomen (44%), weight loss (14%), fever (7%) and constipation (4%). Clinically, 41% had mild, 46% had moderate and 12% had severe disease activity. Extra intestinal manifestations were seen only in 12% of the patients. On colonoscopic examination, 41% had proctitis, 46% had left sided colitis and 13% had extensive colitis. Conclusion: Our study showed some differences in the demographic variables as well as clinical manifestations in the patients when compared to data from the west and even other Asian countries like India and China. Larger population-based studies are needed to better understand the epidemiology and characteristics of the disease in Nepal.  

scholarly journals A study of clinical profile of patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease at a tertiary care centre in North Karnataka, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Gudagunti ◽  
Ishwar Hasabi ◽  
Arathy S.
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Obstructive Disease ◽  
Obstructive Disease ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) has been responsible for the decreased quality of life as well as increased morbidity and mortality. Globally it has been estimated that nearly three million die yearly due to COPD and more likely to occupy the third place of mortality by 2030. The objective of the present endeavour was to study clinical profile of patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease at a tertiary care centre.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 200 cases of COPD. Their detailed history, thorough clinical examination and parameters like hemoglobin, serum creatinine, protein etc were investigated. The presence of co-morbidities was noted.Results: As the age increased the prevalence of the COPD increased and highest was found out to be in the age group of above 60 years of age. Males were more affected with COPD as compared with females. The male to female ratio was found out to be 2.4:1. The smokers were more compared to the non smokers. The prevalence of smoking among COPD was noted to be 66% compared to 34% as non smokers. Least proportion of patients of the COPD had fever i.e. in 22% of the cases. Cough was found in 83% of the cases. Breathlessness was found out to be in 98% of the cases. 15% of the cases of the COPD had diabetes only as the co-morbidity along with COPD and no other co-morbidity.Conclusions: Breathlessness was the most common symptom at presentation and diabetes and hypertension were the most common co-morbidities found.

scholarly journals Symptoms of COVID-19 Confirmed cases Presenting to Emergency Department in A Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumana Bajracharya ◽  
Ashis Shrestha ◽  
Bibek Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Presenting Symptoms

Introduction: Clinical presentation of the patient with COVID-19 in an emergency department is very important. The proper assessment of the symptom allows correct intervention. So, this study is conducted specifically to find out the clinical spectrum of the patient on presentation to the emergency department. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. A retrospective analysis of patient records was done. There were 258 COVID-19 positive cases admission from 13th April to 13th August 2020. Out of these cases, 57 cases were excluded as they did not have respiratory symptoms but were admitted for other medical conditions. So, 201 symptomatic patients were analyzed in this study. Symptoms of all patients with the confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted from the emergency department were analyzed. Data entry was done in an excel sheet and presenting symptoms of COVID-19 positive patients were described along with their comorbid conditions. Results: Two hundred and one symptomatic patients were analyzed in this study. The mean age of study population was 37.9 years (median 37) with a minimum age of 2 months and a maximum age of 83 years. There were 114 (56.7%) male and 87 (43.3%) female; 109 (54.2%) patients were from outside the and 92 (45.8%) were from inside of Kathmandu Valley. The most common presenting symptom was fever 131 (65.2%) and cardiovascular condition including hypertension was the most common comorbid condition. Conclusions: Fever was the most common symptom of the patient presenting to the COVID19 emergency of our hospital. Moreover, fever needs to be analyzed carefully in terms of its onset total duration and associated cough, and underlying comorbid condition.

scholarly journals Should we care about Plasmodium vivax and HIV co-infection? A systematic review and a cases series from the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola López Del-Tejo ◽  
Nadia Cubas-Vega ◽  
Cecilia Caraballo-Guerra ◽  
Bernardo Maia da Silva ◽  
Jefferson da Silva Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Malaria Episode ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Malaria and HIV are two important public health issues. However, evidence on HIV-Plasmodium vivax co-infection (HIV/PvCo) is scarce, with most of the available information related to Plasmodium falciparum on the African continent. It is unclear whether HIV can change the clinical course of vivax malaria and increase the risk of complications. In this study, a systematic review of HIV/PvCo studies was performed, and recent cases from the Brazilian Amazon were included. Methods Medical records from a tertiary care centre in the Western Brazilian Amazon (2009–2018) were reviewed to identify HIV/PvCo hospitalized patients. Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes are reported. Also, a systematic review of published studies on HIV/PvCo was conducted. Metadata, number of HIV/PvCo cases, demographic, clinical, and outcome data were extracted. Results A total of 1,048 vivax malaria patients were hospitalized in the 10-year period; 21 (2.0%) were HIV/PvCo cases, of which 9 (42.9%) had AIDS-defining illnesses. This was the first malaria episode in 11 (52.4%) patients. Seven (33.3%) patients were unaware of their HIV status and were diagnosed on hospitalization. Severe malaria was diagnosed in 5 (23.8%) patients. One patient died. The systematic review search provided 17 articles (12 cross-sectional or longitudinal studies and 5 case report studies). A higher prevalence of studies involved cases in African and Asian countries (35.3 and 29.4%, respectively), and the prevalence of reported co-infections ranged from 0.1 to 60%. Conclusion Reports of HIV/PvCo are scarce in the literature, with only a few studies describing clinical and laboratory outcomes. Systematic screening for both co-infections is not routinely performed, and therefore the real prevalence of HIV/PvCo is unknown. This study showed a low prevalence of HIV/PvCo despite the high prevalence of malaria and HIV locally. Even though relatively small, this is the largest case series to describe HIV/PvCo.

EXPERIENCE OF EVALUATION OF PATIENTS OF OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE BY SONOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN EASTERN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Prasad ◽  
Nupur Nupur ◽  
Akshit Pathak ◽  
Indra Shekhar Thakur ◽  
Vijay Shankar Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Hepatic Duct ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Stricture Formation ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Left Hepatic Duct ◽  
Cross Sectional

INTRODUCTION: Jaundice means yellow due to the yellowish discolouration of skin, sclera, and mucous membrane seen in jaundice caused by bilirubin pigment. It is divided in to two forms obstructive(surgical) and non- obstructive (non-surgical). AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patients of obstructive jaundice by sonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and compare the reporting and ndings by both the modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross sectional observational study done from November 2018 to October 2020 and consists of 32 patients who had clinical jaundice and consented to being subjected to both ultrasound and MRCP. OBSERVATIONS:Both USG and MRCP were able to detect extrahepatic CBD dilatation equally in 25 patients. In 5(15.6%) patients USG and MRI both demonstrated intrahepatic mass causing obstruction at the level of conuence of right and left hepatic duct or CHD. Ultrasonography was able to detect the intrinsic mass of the extrahepatic common bile duct in 2(6.2%) patients out of 32 patients in our study population. MRCP could detect the same in 6(18.7%) patients. In our study narrowing of CBD with stricture formation and upstream dilatation of biliary tree was identied in 10(31.2%) patients on MRCP. Ultrasound could diagnose the same in one patient. Both USG and MRCP were able to detect pancreatic head mass as well as pseudocyst. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of MRCP was found to be comparable to that of ERCP for diagnosis of etiology for obstructive jaundice. MRCP allows better lesion characterization and assessment. However, the patchy availability of MR machines become the main achilles heel for the surgeons as well as the radiologists. Hence the valuable role of the omnipresent ultrasonography become immense.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Drinking Patterns, Alcohol Use and Related Medical Morbidities in a Secondary Versus Tertiary Setting

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
A Risal ◽  
H Tharoor
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patterns Of Drinking ◽  
Level Hospital

Background Alcohol Dependence exists in different spectrums at different settings and associated with various medical morbidities, disability and health care utilization costs. Objectives To study the drinking patterns, alcohol use disorders and alcohol related medical morbidities in patients diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) and attending out / in-patient psychiatry services at secondary and tertiary care centre. Methods A cross-sectional comparative study was done among the patients diagnosed with ADS attending psychiatry services at District hospital, Udupi and Kasturba Hospital, Manipal. Serial sampling was done. Patients having any other psychiatric illnesses were excluded. The two groups were compared in relation to socio-demographic variables, drinking related variables, patterns of drinking and alcohol related medical morbidities identified. Results Significant differences in some socio-demographic parameters among the patients from the two different treatment centers were found with secondary level hospital (N=50) having more illiterate, laborers and below the poverty line population in comparison to the tertiary level hospital (N=75). Maximum frequency of gastro-intestinal morbidities was seen in both the hospital population, irrespective of the patterns of drinking. Conclusion Alcohol use disorders and alcohol related medical morbidities show some variations in their presentations in the different treatment centers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i2.12492 Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.11(2) 2013: 152-157

scholarly journals Clinical and Etiological Profile of Mycotic Keratitis from a Tertiary Care Centre in South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 2001-2006
Author(s):  
John Britto Augustin ◽  
Sureshbaboo Variamkandi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Prompt Treatment

BACKGROUND Corneal ulcer is the leading cause of ocular morbidity and monocular blindness worldwide. To effectively prevent blindness in patients with corneal ulcer, a proper understanding of the risk factors predisposing to ulceration, its clinical and microbiological characteristics are essential. Timely identification of aetiological agents causing corneal ulcers and their prompt treatment helps to save the vision. We wanted to detect aetiological agents of corneal ulcer with special references to fungal causes and characterize the fungal aetiological agents to species level. METHODS This is a cross sectional study, conducted in Government Medical college, Kozhikode, between January 2016 and June 2017. All patients who were clinically diagnosed as cases of infectious corneal ulcer in the Ophthalmology department, Government Medical College, Kozhikode were included in the study. Corneal scrapings collected from the infected eye were subjected to microbiological examination and culture. A total of 120 cases were analysed. Each patient was examined with the slit lamp bio microscope after staining with fluorescein. Scrapings from cornea at the site of corneal ulcer were collected by ophthalmologist after a detailed clinical history and examination of the affected eye. The laboratory procedures used in the diagnosis of infectious keratitis were based on direct visualization of organisms by subjecting corneal scrapings to Gram stain and KOH wet mount and inoculation of material on to blood agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar. RESULTS Among the 120 cases, a total of 49 cases were culture positive. Twenty-one [17.5 %] were bacterial, twenty-two [18.34 %] were fungal and six [5.0 %] were poly microbial [bacteria and fungus]. Among the fungal aetiology, fusarium species was most common [32.14 %], followed by aspergillus species - 25.0 %. Trauma was the major risk factor. Diabetes mellitus, exposure keratitis were the other comorbidities / risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This study shows majority of infected corneal ulcers are associated with risk factors and the aetiology are mainly fungi. Microscopy, culture, and clinical correlation helped in adequate management. Thus, prognosis and outcome of corneal ulcers rely on timely identification of their aetiology and prompt treatment. KEY WORDS Corneal ulcer, Fungal Keratitis

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