scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antibacterial Profile of Some Liquid Herbal Preparations Sold in Abia State, South-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Pipi O.G. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Single Compound ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

The use of liquid herbal preparations (LHPs) in the treatment and management of human diseases has long been practiced before the advent of chemotherapy. The beneficial medicinal effects of liquid herbal preparations materials typically result from the secondary products present in the liquid herbal preparations although, it is usually not attributed to a single compound but a combination of the metabolites. This study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial and phytochemical profile of some liquid herbal preparations in selected markets of Abia State using biochemical and microbiological assay. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of the liquid herbal preparations inferred the presence of alkaloids (30%), quinones (6%), saponins (7%), flavonoids (19%), glycosides (17%) and tannins (22%). The antibacterial activities of 20 LHPs with bioactive properties against 3 tested clinical bacterial isolates; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, from hospital samples was evaluated using agar well diffusion methods. Inhibitory zone diameter (IZD) had range of 6-20mm for all bacterial isolates. The pH values of 20 bioactive LHPs range from 3.75- 6.76. In conclusion the study revealed consistent presence and varied occurrences of different phytochemicals and antibiotic properties in various herbal preparations which may be taken to indicate that the products are effective. It is also essential to investigate all LHPs to be used as alternative medication in humans, to ensure that the concentrations used will definitely cause inhibition of the specific bacterial strains and meet its therapeutic claims. Key words: Liquid Herbal Preparations; Phytochemical; Antibacterial Activity

scholarly journals Influence of First-Line Antibiotics on the Antibacterial Activities of Acetone Stem Bark Extract ofAcacia mearnsiiDe Wild. against Drug-Resistant Bacterial Isolates

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmiso O. Olajuyigbe ◽  
Roger M. Coopoosamy
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Agar Diffusion

Background.This study was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of the acetone extract ofA. mearnsiiand its interactions with antibiotics against some resistant bacterial strains.Methods.The antibacterial susceptibility testing was determined by agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods while the checkerboard method was used for the determination of synergy between the antibiotics and the extract.Results.The results showed that the susceptibility of the different bacterial isolates was concentration dependent for the extract and the different antibiotics. With the exception ofS. marcescens, the inhibition zones of the extract produced by 20 mg/mL ranged between 18 and 32 mm. While metronidazole did not inhibit any of the bacterial isolates, all the antibiotics and their combinations, except for ciprofloxacin and its combination, did not inhibitEnterococcus faecalis. The antibacterial combinations were more of being antagonistic than of being synergistic in the agar diffusion assay. From the macrobroth dilution, the extract and the antibiotics exerted a varied degree of inhibitory effect on the test organisms. The MIC values of the acetone extract which are in mg/mL are lower than those of the different antibiotics which are inμg/mL. From the checkerboard assay, the antibacterial combinations showed varied degrees of interactions including synergism, additive, indifference, and antagonism interactions. While antagonistic and additive interactions were 14.44%, indifference interaction was 22.22% and synergistic interaction was 37.78% of the antibacterial combinations against the test isolates. While the additivity/indifference interactions indicated no interactions, the antagonistic interaction may be considered as a negative interaction that could result in toxicity and suboptimal bioactivity.Conclusion.The synergistic effects of the herbal-drug combinations may be harnessed for the discovery and development of more rational evidence-based drug combinations with optimized efficiency in the prevention of multidrug resistance and therapy of multifactorial diseases.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analyses and antibacterial activities of Erodium, Euphorbia, Logoecia and Tamarix species

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020
Author(s):  
Khaldoun J Al-Hadid ◽  
Nehaya Al-Karablieh ◽  
Ahmad Sharab ◽  
Ihsan Mutlak
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Phytochemical Components ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Group D

Introduction: Resistance against commonly used antibacterial agents has become a globally recognized threat to human health. Therefore, the development of new and effective antibacterial agents is necessary to treat infections caused by resistant bacterial strains; plants are a promising source of new agents to be tested. Methodology: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ethanolic extracts of Erodium gruinum, Euphorbia hierosolymitana, Logoecia cuminoides, and Tamarix tetragyna against 10 Gram-negative and 5 Gram-positive bacteria were determined using agar well diffusion and microtiter plate dilution methods, respectively. The phytochemical composition of the crude extracts of the plants was determined using HPLC. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii were sensitive to E. gruinum and E. hierosolymitana extracts. P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and M. catarrhalis were sensitive to L. cuminoides extract. P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumoniae were sensitive to T. tetragyna extracts. For Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 and ATCC 43300 were sensitive to E. gruinum and E. hierosolymitana extracts. S. aureus ATCC 43300 and ATCC 33591 and Group D Streptococcus were sensitive to T. tetragyna extract. All Gram-positive bacteria were completely resistant to the extract of L. cuminoides. The major phytochemical components of the plant extracts belonged to flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, quinones, phytosterols, phytoestrogens, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and coumarin. Conclusion: The study showed the potential of the development of antibacterial agents from these plants. Phytochemical analysis revealed compounds that are candidates for new antibacterial drugs.

scholarly journals BIOPROSPECTING FOR BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES ASSOCIATED WITH ZINGIBERACEAE FAMILY RHIZOMES IN SIBOLANGIT FOREST, NORTH SUMATERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Jendri Mamangkey
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Paper Disc

The present study was conducted aiming to isolate and characterize endophytic bacterial isolates with antibacterial ability, phosphate solubilization, and proteolytic activity from rhizomes of the Zingiberaceae family (Etlingera sp., Globba patens, Globba pendula, and Zingiber multibracteata). Nineteen bacterial isolates were obtained from Zingiberaceae rhizomes with isolate codes of EZS27, EZS18, EZS19, EZS25, EZS16, EZS08, EZS09, EZS13, EZS20, EZS14, EZS10, EZS11, EZS03, EZS05, EZS06, EZS43, EZS45, EZS47, and EZS28. The screening of the endophytes for antibacterial activity was done through the paper disc method. Four bacterial isolates presented antibacterial activities. EZS06 isolate inhibited the growth of EPEC (11 mm), P. vulgaris ATCC 13315 (10 mm), and L. monocytogenes BTCC B693 (9 mm). Also, EZS20 isolate inhibited the growth of S. aureus ATCC 29213 (17 mm), EZS28 isolate inhibited MRSA ATCC 43300 (8.6 mm), and EZS45 isolate inhibited S.  Epidermidis ATCC 12228 (9 mm). The EZS19, EZS03, and EZS16 isolates dissolved the phosphate most effectively. Eight isolates (EZS19, EZS47, EZS27, EZS25, EZS09, EZS20, EZS45, and EZS06) showed the best protease activity. In general, our results showed that the endophytic bacterial strains can be used as a new and useful antibacterial agent since it showed antibacterial activity and chemical diversity. Furthermore, it also has the potential for exploitation in a wide variety of medical, agricultural, and industrial areas.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activities of Tamarix dioica Extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Saddam Hussain Bughio
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of phytochemical analysis and the antibacterial activity of extracts of stem, flowers and leaves of Tamarix dioica Roxb. ex Roth. Four solvents namely, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and acetone were selected to obtain extracts from different parts of the plant. The organic solvent extracts were investigated for phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The result of phytochemicals revealed the presence of various constituents, such as phlobatannins, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, proteins, terpenoids, flavonoids and steroids by using standard procedures. Most of these components were present in methanol and ethyl acetate extract. Therefore, four out of two extracts, such as methanol and ethyl acetate extracts from stems, flowers, and leaves, were used to test their evidence of antibacterial activity. From this, it was observed that the methanol extracts of stem, flowers and leaves of T. dioica were highly effective together with E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 500 μg/mL. Considering that the ethyl acetate (EA) extracts from the stem, flowers and leaves of T. dioica were examined to be ineffective against E. coli and S. aureus and MIC values were not observed in two strains of bacteria.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial study of Fernandoa adenophylla against multidrug resistant urinary tract infection pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Abdur Rahim ◽  
Muhammad Medrar Hussain ◽  
Ihsan Ullah Khan Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Tract Infections

<p>In the present study various solvent extracts from the leaves of<em> Fernandoa  adenophylla</em> were screened for their phytochemical and antimicrobial potentials. Preliminary phytochemical screening of leaves extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, steroids, reducing sugars and anthracenes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies showed the presence of different functional groups for compounds like alcohol, aldehydes and ketones, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, amides, amines, carboxylic acids, esters, and ethers. All the extracts showed significant antibacterial activities when tested against eight multidrug resistant bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infection patients. It was concluded that the leaves extracts of<em> F. adenophylla</em> have several vital phytochemical constituents and significant antibacterial activities against multidrug resistant bacterial strains causing urinary tract infections.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of Seriphidium Oliverianum Plant Extracts

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932582110047
Author(s):  
Ali Abbas ◽  
Syed Ali Raza Naqvi ◽  
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool ◽  
Asma Noureen ◽  
Muhammad Samee Mubarik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemicals using reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial activities of Seriphidium oliverianum stem extracts. The extraction was carried out by conventional shaking process (CSP) and ultrasonic assisted process (UAP). The highest total phenolic contents (97.85 ± 0.735 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g sample) and flavonoid contents (188.15 ± 0.53 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g sample) were found in methanol extract obtained by CSP. Antioxidant activity was investigated using DPPH° scavenging assay and reducing power assay. Methanol extract using UAP showed the highest DPPH° scavenging activity (79.95% ± 1.80%) followed by methanol and butanol extracts obtained through CSP. Moreover, methanol extracts using CSP showed highest reducing activity (1.032 ± 0.0205 absorbance). In-vitro antimicrobial activity was studied using most common infection causing fungal and bacterial strains. Anti-fungal activity of methanol extract using CSP showed the highest zone of inhibition (10.5 mm) against F. avenaceum fungal strain, while aqueous extracts obtained through showed the highest antibacterial activity (22 ± 1.32 mm zone of inhibition) against S. aureus. The results showed that the methanol stem extract of S. oliverianum is a valued candidate for further screening and could be processed for in-vivo infection induced animal trials.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis, antibacterial activity and antibiotic modifying action of Jatropha mollissima (Pohl.) Baill. (Euphorbiaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Noelly Bastos-Cavalcante ◽  
Cristina Rodrigues dos Santos-Barbosa ◽  
Raimundo Luiz Silva-Pereira ◽  
Débora Feitosa-Muniz ◽  
Henrique Douglas de Melo-Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

La aparición de cepas bacterianas resistentes y los efectos secundarios de sus fármacos disponibles han hecho investigar nuevos compuestos antibacterianos bioactivos. Jatropha mollissima es una planta endémica del bioma Caatinga, Brasil. Existen informes en la literatura de que esta especie tiene acción antioxidante, antibacteriana y antiproliferativa. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el potencial antibacteriano y modulador de J. mollissima contra cepas bacterianas multirresistentes. El perfil fitoquímico se obtuvo por cromatografía de gases junto con espectrometría de masas. J. mollissima mostró actividad antibacteriana moderada y moduló la actividad del antibiótico Norfloxacino, promoviendo una relación antagonista. Este fue el primer estudio de este tipo realizado con J. mollissima. The emergence of resistant bacterial strains and the significant increase in side effects of currently available antibacterial drugs have made it urgent to develop research to identify new bioactives antibacterial compounds. Jatropha mollissima is a plant endemic to the Caatinga biome, Brazil and this species has antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative action. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and modulatory potentials of J. mollissima against multiresistant bacterial strains. The phytochemical profile was obtained from gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. J. mollissima presented moderate antibacterial activity and modulated the activity of the antibiotic Norfloxacin, promoting an antagonistic relationship. This was the first study of this nature carried out with J. mollissima.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities of Crocus alatavicus from Kazakhstan

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariya SATYBALDIYEVA ◽  
Valentina MURSALIYEVA ◽  
Izbassar RAKHIMBAYEV ◽  
Bolatkhan ZAYADAN ◽  
Ramazan MAMMADOV
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Phytochemical analysis of C. alatavicus revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, amino acids and carbohydrates. The flavonoid, amino acids and carotenoid contents were higher in aerial part (1.50%, 7.49% and 9.78mg%, respectively) than in bulb (0.43%, 3.88% and 0.91 mg%, respectively). Total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant (TAA), 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of water, methanol, ethanol and dichloromethane extracts from aerial part and bulb were tested. TPC ranged from 13.63 to 72.29 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract. The maximum TAA were observed in ethanol (61.34%) and methanol extracts (46.13%) from aerial part with a high TPC (72.29 and 62.37 mgGAE/g extract, respectively). Ethanol extracts from aerial part and bulb had good scavenger of DPPH radicals (65.5% and 54.08%, respectively) with an IC50 387 and 447 µg/ml. Ethanol extract from aerial part was most effective against gram-positive bacterial strains S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus. Biological activities of the extracts were correlated with the TPC. It can be deduced that ethanol and methnol extracts of C. alatavicus contains useful potent bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Bacterial isolates from bryozoan Pleurocodonellina sp.: Diversity and antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meezan Ardhanu Asagabaldan ◽  
Gilles Bedoux ◽  
Nathalie Bourgougnon ◽  
Rhesi Kristiana ◽  
Diah Ayuningrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract. Asagabaldan MA, Bedoux G, Bourgougnon N, Kristiana R, Ayuningrum D, Sabdono A, Trianto A, Radjasa OK. 2019. Bacterial isolates from bryozoan Pleurocodonellina sp.: Diversity and antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria. Biodiversitas 20: 2528-2535.  There is an urgent need to discover new compounds with antibacterial activity, which can be developed into lead structures for the treatment of human disease caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In this study, we focussed on bryozoan-associated bacteria to screen them toward antibacterial activities, since the microbiome of these organisms can still be regarded as under-investigated. Most of the few publications about bryozoan-associated bacteria focused on taxonomy and the potential as producers of antibacterial natural products were neglected. Four specimens of bryozoan Pleurocodonellina sp. were collected from Teluk Awur, Jepara in Java Sea, Indonesia. Therefrom, 56 bacterial strains were isolated, and 17 displayed antibacterial activities against MDR bacteria Pseudomonas aruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloacae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Taxonomic identification of the bacteria by 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed them belonging to the genera Virgibacillus, Pseudoalteromonas, Halomonas, and Bacillus. Most interestingly, the genus Virgibacillus was dominantly obtained from the Pleurocodonellina sp. specimens, i.e., 12 active isolates. Nevertheless, the best activities against MDR bacteria (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative) were contributed to isolates showing >99% identity to Pseudoalteromonas. The results further suggest adding the genus Virgibacillus as bacteria associated with bryozoan, since to the best of our knowledge there were no reports of this genus isolated from bryozoan.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fruit extracts of Berberis species from Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Sarala Dhungel ◽  
Giri Prasad Joshi ◽  
Deepak Raj Pant
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fruit Extracts

  The Himalayan region is rich in flowering plants diversity, including medicinal and wild edible plants. These plants possess variety of therapeutically important compounds, like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in different parts. Presence of significant amount of these compounds makes a species valuable to be used as super foods or medicines. Furthermore, plant extracts especially those of fruits are basically attributed with natural antioxidants, either in form of vitamins or color-inducing pigments, which have become the target to replace the synthetic antioxidants. In this regard, fruits of Berberis species, one of the popular wild edible fruits of Nepal, are noted for their antioxidant property since time immemorial. The present study was done with an attempt to quantify the antioxidant potential and antibacterial activities of the fruit extracts of four taxa of Berberis (B. angulosa var. angulosa, B. angulosa var. fasciculata, B. aristata and B. asiatica) from Nepal and to correlate the antioxidant potential with various phytochemicals present in the extracts. Methanolic fruit extracts were used to spectrophotometrically quantify total phenolic and flavonoid contents. DPPH free radical scavenging assay and antibacterial assay were carried out in in-vitro condition. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed high polyphenol content (52.60 ± 3.73 and 58.07 ± 1.44 mg GAE/g) and better antioxidant property (35.29 ± 3.01 and 29.15 ± 2.01 μg/ml) respectively in B. angulosa var. angulosa and B. angulosa var. fasciculata than in the fruit extracts of B. aristata and B. asiatica. In contrast, fruit extracts of B. asiatica showed the highest total flavonoid content (27.52 ± 0.56 mg QE/g) than did by the extracts of other taxa studied. The fruit extract of B. aristata and B. angulosa var. fasciculata at very high concentration (200 mg/ml) showed maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) against tested bacterial strains, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In contrast, B. asiatica did not show any ZOI for both of the tested bacterial strains. As fruits are better sources of antioxidant with greater accumulation of flavonoids and phenolics, wild fruits should be equally spaced for their better efficiency as cultivated ones.Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2016) 10: 6–11

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