scholarly journals The role of vitamin D, zinc and selenium in the development of noncommunicable diseases (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 730-735
Author(s):  
Inna V. Zaikina ◽  
Nataliya E. Komleva ◽  
Anatoly N. Mikerov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities

A healthy diet is a factor in maintaining and improving health, helping to reduce the risk of developing alimentary-dependent diseases. The article presents the causes of malnutrition, data on the actual deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the population of the Russian Federation. Insufficient content of essential micronutrients in the diet is accompanied by a decrease in the body’s adaptive capabilities, contributing to an increase in the risk of developing non-infectious diseases. The article provides information on the role of chronic low-level inflammation and oxidative stress in the development of noncommunicable diseases. Significant contributors are vitamin D, zinc and selenium, and their deficiencies are widespread. Scientific evidence supports the role of vitamin D, zinc, selenium in the development of non-infectious diseases. The review discusses the role of vitamin D in the development of cardiovascular disorders, discusses the dependence on iron and zinc, which has clinical diagnostic and therapeutic value in anaemia and associated pathological conditions. In addition, the article discusses selenium and zinc deficiencies with the risk of the coronary syndrome, stroke, cardiovascular disease and mortality from them. Despite conflicting data on the effectiveness of oral micronutrient supplementation to prevent and treat chronic noncommunicable diseases, healthcare providers should be informed about the consequences of micronutrient deficiencies and identify micronutrient deficiencies correct them. This is important in treatment and prevention activities for people at risk, especially in endemic disadvantaged regions. The literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed, CyberLeninka, e-library.

scholarly journals Emerging infectious disease preparedness and response in healthcare: perspectives from COVID-19 and the role of College-Learnt Microbiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-321
Author(s):  
J. Tonui ◽  
W. Chepkutto ◽  
J. Rotich
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Emerging Infections

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in December 2019 in Wuhan City China where it is believed to have been transmitted to humans from an unknown animal species. The public health, social and economic impact of the pandemic world over is detrimental. Health care providers at the frontline in the fight against COVID-19 are at the greatest risk of infection and so far, many have been infected and some have already died from the disease. Thus, it is imperative that healthcare providers have adequate knowledge of infectious diseases and microbial pathogens to comprehend the scale of risk for better recognition and response. Microbiological concepts of infection prevention and control, hand hygiene and aseptic techniques are essential in slowing down the spread of the virus. COVID-19 has proven that infectious agents can emerge from any region in the world and can spread rapidly with ominous consequences to all humanity. This narrative review discusses the role of college-learnt microbiology in health care provider preparedness for emerging infectious diseases in light of the current pandemic. Keywords: Emerging; Infections; Preparedness; Response; Microbiology; COVID-19; Training

Problems of disinfectological provision of the population in the pandemic period of COVID-19 infection in the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Vasily Aleksandrovich Tsurkan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Nature

The principles of organizing and implementing anti-epidemic, including disinfectological measures for COVID-19 infection were studied, and the results of the state of readiness of interested services in the localization and elimination of focuses of coronavirus infection were presented. It was noted that the untimely solution of existing problems of a socio-economic nature contributed to the development of the pandemic process of COVID-19 infection. In the initial period of the development of the pandemic in most countries of the world, including Moldova, the system for monitoring and actively detecting cases of the population of COVID-19 did not work. Lack of disinfection services and insufficiently trained disinfectologists lead to untimely and poor-quality disinfection measures. The role of the disinfectological service in ensuring the epidemiological well-being of the population is argued. The necessity of creating a new, comprehensive system for protecting the country’s population from especially dangerous infectious diseases has been substantiated. Keywords: disinfection measures, biocides, treatment and prevention organizations, pandemic process, technologies, methods, forces and means, provision, infectious diseases, COVID-19 infection

scholarly journals Vitamin D for Treatment and Prevention of Infectious Diseases: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Yamshchikov ◽  
Nirali Desai ◽  
Henry Blumberg ◽  
Thomas Ziegler ◽  
Vin Tangpricha
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

The comprehensive mechanistic insight into the effects of vitamin D on dementia – a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaber Jafarzadeh ◽  
Laleh Payahoo ◽  
Mohammad Yousefi ◽  
Ali Barzegar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Purpose This paper aims to depict the mechanistic role of vitamin D on dementia prevention, relief of the severity and the complication of the disease. All papers indexed in scientific databases, including Scopus, Elsevier, PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar between 2000 and 2021 were extracted and discussed. To present the mechanistic role of vitamin D in declining the severity of dementia, keywords including dementia, vitamin D, oxidative stress, inflammation, amyloid beta-Peptides were used. Design/methodology/approach Dementia is a prevalent cognitive disorder worldwide, especially in elderly people, which is accompanied by serious disabilities. Besides genetic, biological and lifestyle factors are involved in the incidence of dementia. An unhealthy diet along with micronutrient deficiencies are among modifiable factors. Vitamin D is one of the important micronutrients in brain health. Besides the involvement in gene expression, bone mineralization, apoptosis, inflammation, skeletal maturation, neurotropic action and hemostasis of phosphate and calcium, vitamin D also exerts neuroprotective effects via genomic and non-genomic pathways. Findings Vitamin D up-regulates the expression of various genes involved in dementia incidence via various mechanisms. Decreasing oxidative stress and the neuro-inflammatory cytokines levels, regulation of the expression of alternated Proteins including Tau and Amyloid-ß, calcium homeostasis in the central nervous system and also vascular are considered main mechanisms. Originality/value Considering the importance of diet in preventing dementia, adherence to a healthy diet that provides essential nutrients to brain function seems to be urgent. Controlling serum levels of vitamin D periodically and providing vitamin D by related sources or supplements, if there is a deficiency, is recommended. Future studies are needed to clarify other related mechanisms.

scholarly journals Myth Busters: Dietary Supplements and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 820-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K. Adams ◽  
William L. Baker ◽  
Diana M. Sobieraj
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

News and social media platforms have implicated dietary supplements in the treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During this pandemic when information quickly evolves in the presence of contradicting messages and misinformation, the role of the pharmacist is essential. Here, we review theoretical mechanisms and evidence related to efficacy and safety of select supplements in the setting of COVID-19, including vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, elderberry, and silver. Evidence evaluating these supplements in COVID-19 patients is lacking, and providers and patients should not rely on dietary supplements to prevent or treat COVID-19. Rather, reference to evidence-based guidelines should guide treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and COVID-19: An Overview of Recent Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10559
Author(s):  
Drishti Ghelani ◽  
Simon Alesi ◽  
Aya Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has progressed rapidly from an outbreak to a global pandemic, with new variants rapidly emerging. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection, can lead to multiorgan damage. Due to the extremely contagious and fatal nature of the virus, it has been a priority of medical research to find effective means of treatment. Amid this search, the role of vitamin D in modulating various aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system has been discussed. This review aims to consolidate the research surrounding the role of vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. While there are some conflicting results reported, the consensus is that vitamin D has a host of immunomodulatory effects which may be beneficial in the context of COVID-19 and that low levels of vitamin D can result in dysfunction of crucial antimicrobial effects, potentially contributing to poor prognosis. Studies also show that the effects of low vitamin D can be mitigated via supplementation, although the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of COVID-19 remain controversial.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D in Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehan Muhammad ◽  
Asim Aslam ◽  
Javeria Umber ◽  
Muti-ur-Rehman Khan ◽  
Waqar Azeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Infectious Diseases
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