scholarly journals The health of children and adolescents in school ontogenesis as a basis for improving the system of school health care and sanitary-epidemiological wellbeing of students

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
Vladislav R. Kuchma ◽  
Irina K. Rapoport ◽  
Lyudmila M. Sukhareva ◽  
Natalia A. Skoblina ◽  
Anna S. Sedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
School Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Tunnel Syndromes

Introduction. Against the background of socio-economic transformations and the digitalization of education, the health indicators of students are changing, which requires in-depth research. Aim of the study: based on the longitudinal observation of the health of schoolchildren, to identify the patterns of its formation for the scientific justification of improving the medical care of students. Material and methods. From the 1st to the 11a grade (2005-2015), the same students (199 boys and 227 girls) of 4 Moscow schools were examined annually with the performance of anthropometry, electrocardiography, functional tests, and questionnaire to identify complaints and anamnesis; specialist doctors carried out 25,298 examinations. In addition to the analysis of morbidity, a qualitative analysis of the course of pathological processes in students was carried out to determine positive and negative dynamics. Results. Over 11 years, the prevalence of functional disorders increased by 14.7%, chronic diseases by 52.8%, the frequency of visual disturbances, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, digestive organs, neurotic reactions increased; new forms of risk behaviour and information dependence appeared. An unfavourable period of development of pathological processes in schoolchildren is training in grades 9-11. Compared with the 1990 morbidity rates obtained by similar methods, there was an increase in the prevalence of functional disorders among adolescents by 2-3 times and chronic diseases by 20-70%. When comparing physical development with peers of the second half of the XX century, the observed schoolchildren increased the average values of body length and weight with a decrease in functional indicators. Distance learning during the first wave of COVID-19 in spring 2020 has increased the prevalence of computer vision, carpal tunnel syndromes, and neurotic reactions. Discussion. The main patterns of health formation in school ontogenesis, coinciding with the change of generations and the transition to the digitalization of education, are revealed. Conclusion. The study results allow predicting an increase in the prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, myopia, scoliosis, computer-visual and carpal tunnel syndromes. To preserve students’ health, to counteract COVID-19, a modern model of school health care is proposed.

scholarly journals Utility of pneumococcal vaccine among elderly population in buraidah primary health care centers

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Sulaiman A. Alawaji ◽  
Chandra S. Kalevaru
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers ◽  
Health Care Centers

Background: People with chronic diseases tend to land up with high mortality and morbidity. Objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of Pneumococcal vaccine utility among the 50 years and above age group population, to find the demographic profile, the knowledge of PCV among the general population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted randomly in 6 primary health care centers in Buraidah city, Saudi Arabia from the aged 50 years and above population. Sample size was calculated by using WHO statistical software for sample size determination, the result of sample size was 236 participants. A interview-based questionnaire was used after obtaining consent from each participant. Data entered and analyzed using the SPSS software 21.0 version. For categorical analysis, chi square test was applied.Results: In the present study, a total of 202 samples of the population has participated and response rate was 86%. About only 12.9% (26/202) of study population taken PCV vaccine in the study. About 79.7% were having different chronic diseases. About 83.7% were given a response as PCV prevents the disease. There was statistically significant association was observed between different levels of education and chronic heart disease with PCV vaccination status (p<0.05).Conclusions: Based on the study results, Pneumococcal vaccination coverage was low, in comparison with Riyadh study in 2018; our study vaccination coverage was more. Still need Health promotional measures among the general public to increase the coverage of PCV.

scholarly journals Factors forming the health of modern children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O. P. Gritsina ◽  
L. V. Trankovskaya ◽  
E. V. Semaniv ◽  
E. A. Lisetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Development Data

The literature review analyzing national and international researches on health condition of children population and on factors affecting its development. It has been determined that nowadays the trend towards deterioration in health indicators of children and adolescents continues characterized by an increase in the prevalence of functional disorders and chronic diseases, a deterioration in indicators of physical development. Data on the influence of various factors on the health of children are summarized, among which a special place is given to intraschool factors and the regulation of the daily routine.

scholarly journals Self–care teaching of patients with multimorbidity in primary health care

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6 (294)) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Justina Steponkutė ◽  
Nijolė Galdikienė
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Primary Health

Population who is getting older and the increase of multimorbidity spread amongst it shows that the numbers of people who suffer from more than two chronic diseases will increase. Due to increasing multimorbidity, healthcare professionals have to observe the condition of each patient very carefully, teach how to manage it and help patients to adjust their behavior in order to avoid complications. Multimorbidity requires knowledge not only of separate diseases but also of their combinations. Community nurses have to set the priorities in nursing of patients with multimorbidity, but also to keep in mind other illnesses that the patient have. Only properly chosen methods of teaching improves Self–Care of patients. The aim of the study – to evaluate Self–Care teaching of patients with multimorbidity in primary health care. Research methods. Quantitative research was conducted using a written survey method to collect data. Research participants were the persons (n = 41) diagnosed with two or more chronic diseases. Results. According to the research data, patients with multimorbidity are taught Self–Care in primary health care, but not all possible opportunities of teaching are exploited. Most patients with multimorbidity named that nurses assessed their knowledge of the health and Self–Care and provided them with new additional information; ensured communication with patients for prophylaxis purposes; taught how patients should properly follow their health indicators and highlighted, why it is important; specified what should be the health indicators of patients; encouraged patients to follow health indicators; gave booklets and leaflets which had relevant information on Self–Care.

scholarly journals Perceptions of School Health Care among School-aged Children and Adolescents with Chronic Disease: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-322
Author(s):  
Ju-Yeon Uhm ◽  
Mi-Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Health ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Safe School ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Search Data ◽  
Perceptions Of School

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative review was to synthesize previous research on perceptions of school health care among school-aged children and adolescents with chronic diseases. Methods: This study was performed in accordance with Whittemore and Knafl's stages of an integrative review (problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of the results). Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science) were used to retrieve relevant articles. Results: Eighteen articles were included in this review. We identified five thematic categories: peer-related issues, a safe school environment, self-perception of an existing disease, self-management, and a supportive school environment. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish a school health care system with a supportive environment for children and adolescents with chronic diseases.

A study of current primary health care in rural district, Japan - Problmes of community-based school health.

1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Kenji ABE ◽  
Tetsuhito FUKUSHIMA ◽  
Akio NAKAGAWA ◽  
Nobuo YOSHIDA ◽  
Tomoko TAGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
School Health ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Primary Health

Can employment in a café change Clientele Attitude towards the staff when they are Persons with Mental Illness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402199006
Author(s):  
Sailaxmi - Gandhi ◽  
Sangeetha Jayaraman ◽  
Thanapal Sivakumar ◽  
Annie P John ◽  
Anoop Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Clientele’s attitude toward Persons with Mental Illness (PwMI) changes over a period of time. The aim of this study was to explore and understand how and whether perception about PwMI changes when they are seen working like persons without mental illness among those availing services of ROSes café at NIMHANS, Bengaluru. Methods: The descriptive research design was adopted with purposive sampling. Community Attitude toward Mentally Ill (CAMI) a self -administered questionnaire of was administered to measure the clientele attitude towards staff with mental illness in ROSes Café (Recovery Oriented Services). A total of 256 subjects availing services from the ROSes café recruited in the study. Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test was computed to see the association and differences on selected variables. Results: The present study results showed that subjects had a positive attitude seen in health care professionals in the domains of benevolence (BE) (28.68 ± 3.00) and community mental health ideology (CMHI) (31.53 ± 3.19), whereas non-health care professionals had showed negative attitude in the domain of authoritarianism (AU) (30.54 ± 3.42) and social restrictiveness (SR) (30.18 ± 3.05). Education, employment, marital, income, and working status were significantly associated with CAMI domains. Conclusion: PwMI also can work like people without mental illness when the opportunities are provided. The community needs to regard mental illness in the same manner as chronic physical illness diabetes mellitus and allow PwMI to live a life of dignity by creating and offering opportunities to earn livelihood which would help them recover with their illnesses.

scholarly journals Risk Behaviours Associated with Dating and Relationship Violence among 11–16 Year Olds in Wales: Results from the 2019 Student Health and Wellbeing Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Danielle V. R. Couturiaux ◽  
Honor Young ◽  
Rebecca E. Anthony ◽  
Nicholas Page ◽  
Emily Lowthian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
School Health ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Relationship Violence ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

(1) Background: This study examines the associations between risk behaviours and adolescent emotional and physical dating and relationship violence (DRV) victimisation and perpetration, and how these vary by gender. The risk behaviours explored include bullying, cyberbullying, sexting, alcohol, and cannabis use; (2) Methods: Cross-sectional self-report data from the School Health Research Network (SHRN) 2019 Student Health Wellbeing (SHW) survey of 48,397 students aged 11–16 from 149 schools across Wales were analysed using single and multiple-behaviour logistic regression models to explore the associations between each risk behaviour and emotional and physical DRV victimisation and perpetration; (3) Results: Bivariate analyses revealed a statistically significant association between DRV and all risk behaviours. In multivariate analyses, students who reported bullying, cyberbullying, sexting, and substance use, compared to those that had not, had significantly higher odds of experiencing and perpetrating emotional and physical DRV; and (4) Conclusions: Future studies on DRV should consider a mixed-methods approach to explore the context in which DRV and risk behaviours interrelate. Results from this study indicate the possibility that prevention and intervention programmes in school settings that seek to develop healthy school environments and peer-to-peer relationships, could inadvertently reduce the occurrence of future DRV and associated risk behaviours.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lacrimal Duct Patency in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Medial Maxillectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Andrzej Sieśkiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Łysoń ◽  
Marek Rogowski ◽  
Marek Bielecki ◽  
Ewa Gindzienska-Sieskiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Lacrimal Duct ◽  
Assessment Tests ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Medial Maxillectomy ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Purpose: The risk of epiphora after medial maxillectomy with lacrimal duct transection is difficult to assess. The data available in the literature are inconclusive due to various operating techniques used by the authors of medical publications, different additional procedures aimed at improving tear drainage after maxillectomy, and a variety of lacrimal duct patency assessment techniques. The aim of our work was to assess the anatomical and functional patency of lacrimal ducts after medial maxillectomy without performing additional procedures to improve tear drainage as well as comparison of the results obtained with different assessment tests. Materials and methods: 21 patients who underwent medial maxillectomy in the years 2016–2019 were assessed for discomfort and epiphora based on patients’ own reports and basic clinical examination, lacrimal duct rinse test, the Munk score, and a modified endoscopic Jones I test. Results: Gradually increasing the sensitivity of the assessment method resulted in an increase in the number of patients with potential tear drainage disorders, starting from 0% in the rinsing test, 4.8% self-reported tearing complaints, 14.3% Munk score, and 19% modified endoscopic Jones I test. Conclusions: The study results revealed that a small fraction of patients tend to report epiphora as a consequence of medial maxillectomy themselves. Subtle functional disorders, which are not particularly bothersome to patients, are more common. More sensitive lacrimal duct patency tests reveal more cases of tear drainage disorders. The results of studies assessing the incidence of epiphora after medial maxillectomy appear to depend on the type of test used.

scholarly journals Sickness absence and disability pension after carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis: A register-based study of patients and matched references in Sweden

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110027
Author(s):  
Tea Lallukka ◽  
Rahman Shiri ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
Jenni Ervasti ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine sickness absence and disability pension (SA/DP) during working lifespan among individuals diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and their matched references, accounting for sociodemographic factors. Methods: We used a register cohort of 78,040 individuals aged 19–60 years when diagnosed with CTS in secondary health care (hospitals and outpatient specialist health care) and their 390,199 matched references from the general population in 2001–2010. Sociodemographic factors and SA/DP net days during a three-year follow-up were included. Negative binomial regression was used. Results: For those not on DP at inclusion, the average number of SA/DP days per person-year was 58 days (95% confidence interval (CI) 56–60 days) among individuals with CTS and 20 days (95% CI 19–21 days) among the matched references. Among both groups, these numbers increased with age and were higher among women than among men. The rate ratio (RR) of SA/DP days was threefold higher among people with CTS than among the matched references (adjusted RR=3.00, 95% CI 2.91–3.10) Moreover, compared to the matched references, the RR for SA/DP was higher among men with CTS (RR=3.86, 95% CI 3.61–4.13) than among women with CTS (RR=2.69, 95% CI 2.59–2.78). The association between CTS and the number of SA/DP days was smaller among older age groups. Sociodemographic factors were similarly associated with SA/DP among people with and without CTS. Conclusions: Numbers of SA/DP days were higher among people with CTS than their matched references in all age groups, particularly among individuals in their early work careers, highlighting public-health relevance of the findings.

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