Biostimulatory Influence of Biochar on Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Impacted Soil

Soil pollution caused by petroleum hydrocarbon and its derivatives has become a grave global issue. Physico-chemical techniques are often expensive. However, bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil is cost-effective. Therefore, the study was carried out to assess the biostimulatory influence of biochar on the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon impacted soil in NNPC Depot, kano state. Soil samples were randomly collected from the polluted site to obtain a composite sample. About 400 g of the polluted soil was filled into pots and arranged in a 2x2 factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Bone and wood char was at 2 levels (0 and 50 g/pot) each. Data were collected on the physicochemical properties (pH, TN, and Av. P) of the soil, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), and bacterial population. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at α0. 05. Results obtained from the study show that biochar application significantly (p<0.05) enhanced TPH degradation and bacterial population in the polluted soil. However, Bone char significantly(p<0.05) enhanced TPH degradation and bacterial population the most compared to wood char. Combined bone and wood char application resulted in significantly (p<0.05) lower residual TPH content in the polluted soil compared to using bone or wood char alone. Thus, bone and wood char should be used in the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon impacted soils.

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Chemical and Physical Analysis of a Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination on a Soil Sample to Determine Its Natural Degradation Feasibility

Inventions ◽

10.3390/inventions5030043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Karuna Arjoon ◽

James G. Speight

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soils ◽

Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Polluted Soil ◽

Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽

Contaminated Site ◽

Physical Analysis ◽

Oil Composition

Crude oil is the world’s leading fuel source and is the lifeblood of the industrialized nations as it is vital to produce many everyday essentials. This dependency on fossil fuels has resulted in serious environmental issues in recent times. Petroleum contaminated soils must be treated to ensure that human health and the environment remain protected. The restoration of petroleum-polluted soil is a complex project because once petroleum hydrocarbon enters the environment, the individual constituents will partition to various environmental compartments in accordance with their own physical–chemical properties; therefore, the composition and inherent biodegradability of the petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant determines the suitability of a remediation approach. The objective of this study was to assess the prospective of bioremediation as a feasible technique for practical application to the treatment of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, by trending the changes in the properties of the petroleum due to biodegradation. Each polluted soil has particularities, thus, the bioremediation approach for each contaminated site is unique. Therefore, hydrocarbon-contaminated sites that have remained polluted for decades due to lack of proper decontamination treatments present in this part of the world would benefit from cost effective treatments. Most bioremediation case studies are usually based on hypothetical assumptions rather than technical or experimental data; providing data that show the capabilities of biodegradation of indigenous microbes on specific oil composition can lead to the creation of strategies to accelerate the biological breakdown of hydrocarbons in soil.

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Studi Tentang Preferensi Konsumen, Sifat Fisiko Kimia dan Nilai Organoleptik Sei Daging Babi asal Kupang (Nusa Tenggara Timur)

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v10i1.4824 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Soffy Soetji Widarti ◽

Hari Purnomo ◽

Djalal Rosyidi

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Meat Product ◽

Consumer Preference ◽

Organoleptic Properties ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Effectivity Index ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Carbohydrate Contents

Pork sei is a meat product from Kupang (East Nusa Tenggara) that produced traditionally using curing and smoking methods. The purpose of this study was to observe consumer preference, physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of pork sei which is currently very popular in East Nusa Tenggara. The research was carried out by the method of observation and experiment using Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The observations were carried out on four restaurants and pork sei consumer in Kupang. Variables measured were moisture, protein, fat and carbohydrate contents, pH, and organoleptic test including color, texture, taste and tenderness. The results showed that there was no significant difference among pork sei originated from the four selected restaurants on fat content, carbohydrate content, pH, texture and tenderness. However, the protein content, taste and color were different significantly (P < 0.05). Based on the effectivity index analysis, it can be concluded that the best samples was originated from restaurant A.

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Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Giant Featherback (Chitala lopis) and Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) Bone Gelatins and Their Potential as Gelling agents in Gel Mixtures for Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Soft Jelly Candies

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2020.4559 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 678-685

Author(s):

Yuliani YULIANI ◽

Bambang Tri AGUNG ◽

Marwati MARWATI ◽

Krishna Purnawan CANDRA

Keyword(s):

Gel Strength ◽

Raw Material ◽

Gelling Agent ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Scomberomorus Commerson ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Hedonic Quality ◽

Bovine Gelatin

The gel strength of gelatin depends on its raw material. Fish gelatin shows a broad range of gel strengths. Giant featherback and mackerel bone gelatins have the gel strengths 220 and 38 Bloom, respectively. Here, we prepared roselle soft jelly candy using the single gelatin and mixtures gelatins from bovine, giant featherback, and mackerel sources. Roselle calyces extract has been used as a food additive to improve taste, aroma, and antioxidant content. The soft jelly candies (1.5 % w/v roselle extract and 12 % gelling agent) were prepared using three types of gelatin (giant featherback (GF), mackerel (M), and bovine (B)) in four mixtures (GF:B = 1:3, GF:B = 1:1, M:B = 1:3, and M:B = 1:1). This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment. Physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of the jelly candies were determined. The data were analyzed by ANOVA continued by the LSD test. The results showed that water content, pH, gel strength, hardness, rigidity, and hedonic quality (taste, color, texture, and overall performance) of the roselle soft jelly candies were affected by choice of gelatin, but not total reducing sugar. Roselle soft jelly candy made with giant featherback and bovine gelatin (1:3) mix was the most preferred by the panelists.

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Pengaruh Antara Waktu Penyerapan Terhadap Konsentrasi Cemaran Pb pada Daun Tanaman Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L)

Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi UMA (JIBIOMA) ◽

10.31289/jibioma.v2i1.222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 46-50

Author(s):

Purnama Dewi Rohana ◽

Sartini Sartini ◽

Abdul Karim

Keyword(s):

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Polluted Soil ◽

Metal Analysis ◽

Chemical Laboratory ◽

Helianthus Annuus L ◽

Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Pb Contamination ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Sunflowers ((Helianthus annuus L) is a plant that has the ability to absorb metals in polluted soil or environment. This study aims to determine the ability of sunflower plants to absorb lead (Pb) in the soil. This research method use a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Pb metal analysis was carried out by testing the lrvels using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) tool in the Chemical Laboratory (LABKES). The results showed that the highest absorption of Pb contamination in P2L2 treatment (2.0 ppm) as much as 5.04 ppm and the lowest absorption of metals in the treatment P1L1 (0.3 ppm) yielded as much as 0.52 ppm Pb metal content. From the results of these studies it can be concluded that sunflower plants can be used as phytoremediation pf Pb metal.

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Effects of artificial diets on growth and mortality of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae

Nepalese Journal of Biosciences ◽

10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7481 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 140-147

Author(s):

Suren Subba ◽

Surya Ratna Gubhaju

Keyword(s):

Specific Growth ◽

Condition Factor ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Average Weight ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Net Cages

Trout larvae of average weight of 0.08391 to 0.08907 gm were nursed in 12 floating net cages set in a circular tank. The larvae were fed with 4 different diets- Diet 1 (normal diet), Diet 2 (normal diet with buff liver), Diet 3 (normal diet with chicken liver) and Diet 4 (normal diet with mutton liver). The experiment was conducted at completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications for each diet. Body weight, total length and condition factor of larvae did not show significantly variation at different test diets. The specific growth rate was recorded 3.043% per day which was highest in test diet 3. The highest Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) i.e., 2.8768 was recorded in diet 4. Physico-chemical parameters and the survival rate were also recorded. The correlation coefficient of length and weight relationship was highest (0.972) in diet 3. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7481 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1: 140-147 (2011)

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Alterações físico-químicas de geleias de melão e acerola durante o armazenamento

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v10i3.3495 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. A. Paiva ◽

E. M. M. Aroucha ◽

R. M. A. Ferreira ◽

N. O. Araújo ◽

P. S. L. Silva

Keyword(s):

Storage Time ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Pulp Processing ◽

Physical And Chemical

O processamento de polpa e a fabricação de geleias são produtos de interesse para a região nordeste do Brasil. A baixa precipitação e os altos índices de luminosidade anuais, associado ao desenvolvimento da irrigação localizada na região, atraíram grandes empresas nacionais e internacionais para a produção de variados tipos de frutos, incluindo a acerola e o melão. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características físico-químicas de geleia simples e mista (50% de melão e 50% de acerola) de melão e acerola, por ocasião do preparo e após o armazenamento por 30 dias. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O tempo de armazenamento aumentou o teor de sólidos solúveis (SS) e o pH, mas reduziu a acidez titulável e o teor de ácido ascórbico das geleias. A geleia de melão apresentou o maior teor de SS após o armazenamento. E a geleia de acerola obteve valores superiores de pH, acidez titulável e vitamina C, nas duas épocas de análise. Já a geleia mista apresentou pH igual à geleia de melão, mas quanto às demais características situou-se entre às geleias simples.Physical and chemical characteristics of acerola and melon jellies during storageAbstract: The pulp processing and the manufacture of jellies are products of interest to the northeastern region of Brazil. The low rainfall and high rates of annual luminosity associated with the development of drip irrigation in the region, attracted large national and international companies for the production of various kinds of fruits, including acerola and melon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of single and mixed jelly (50% of melon and 50% acerola) of melon and acerola, on the occasion of preparation and after storage for 30 days. We used a completely randomized design. The storage time increased the soluble solids (SS) and pH, but reduced titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content from jelly. The melon jelly had the highest SS content after storage. And acerola jelly obtained higher values of pH, titratable acidity and vitamin C, in two periods of analysis. However the mixed jelly showed pH seems to jelly melon, but to the other features it was between the simple jelly.

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Effect of Canola and Compound Fertilizer on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Bacterial Wilt Management

European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.1.130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 28-38

Author(s):

Norbert Iraboneye ◽

Miriam K. Charimbu ◽

Nancy W. Mungai

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Green Manure ◽

Bacterial Population ◽

Positive Control ◽

Compound Fertilizer ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Four Levels

Bacterial wilt is a problematic disease affecting potato production in Kenya and the available management methods are not efficient. Field, semi-field and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of canola green manure and compound fertilizer on bacterial wilt management. Laboratory experiment was conducted at Egerton university biological laboratory to evaluate the effect of canola extract on R. solanacearum population density in-vitro. Four levels of canola extract quantities were used; 0, 100, 200, 300microlitres, and enrich immunomodulator (Di-bromo Di-nitro propane 1-3-diol) (DDD) was used as a positive control. Inoculum was prepared from infested soil and Selective Medium South Africa (SMSA) (Casamino acids, Bacto-Peptone, Glycerol, and Bacto-Agar) was used as growth medium in a completely randomized design. Field experiment was carried out in two sites (Elburgon site is in Upper high land zone two (UH2) and Mau-Narok is in Upper high land zone one UH1). Two levels of canola green manure (with and without green manure application), four levels of fertilizer (NPK+Ca+Mg+ micronutrients) applied at 0(F1), 250(F2), 575(F3), 900 (F4) kg ha-1 and diammonium phosphate (DAP500 kg ha-1) +Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN300 kg ha-1) (F5) as a positive control. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) spilt plot replicated three times, canola green manure as main plot and fertilizer and varieties combination as sub plots. Semi-field experiment (in pots) was conducted at Egerton university farm, five levels of canola green manure (100, 75, 50 and 0 g kg-1 soil) and four levels of the compound fertilizer as used in the field experiment were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The data shows that canola extract did not have a significant (Pr <0.05) effect on bacterial population density (CFU), where chemical treatment (DDD) restricted the growth of R. solanacearum under laboratory experiment. Under field and semi-filed experiments, canola green manure and fertilizer treatments had no significant (Pr <0.05) effect on bacterial population density in the soil nor bacterial wilt incidence. Kenya karibu variety it did not show any wilting symptoms of bacterial wilt across the sites and semi-field experiment. Canola did not suppress the growth of R. solanacearum; further investigation should be done on other brassica family plants.

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Studi Tentang Preferensi Konsumen, Sifat Fisiko Kimia dan Nilai Organoleptik Sei Daging Babi asal Kupang (Nusa Tenggara Timur)

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.10.1.23-29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Soffy Soetji Widarti ◽

Hari Purnomo ◽

Djalal Rosyidi

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Meat Product ◽

Consumer Preference ◽

Organoleptic Properties ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Effectivity Index ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Carbohydrate Contents

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Enzymatic defense of Cyperus brevifolius in hydrocarbons stress environment and changes in soil properties

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80854-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paramita Chakravarty ◽

Hemen Deka

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Bacterial Population ◽

Polluted Soil ◽

Experimental Plant ◽

Oil And Grease ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Chemical Conditions ◽

The Fourier Transform ◽

Total Oil ◽

Experimental Trials

AbstractHydrocarbons or crude oil contamination of soil is still a burning problem around the globe. The herbs competent that are to survive in hydrocarbons contaminated habitats have some adaptive advantages to cope up with the adverse situations prevailing in that environment. In the present study, the adaptive response of Cyperus brevifolius in the heavily polluted soil with crude oil has been investigated in terms of survivability, changes in productivity, antioxidants, phytochemicals and functional group pro files of the plant species. Besides, changes in enzymes, beneficial bacterial population and physico-chemical conditions of contaminated soil were also studied during 60 days of experimental trials. The results showed significant enhancement in activities of soil dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, and amylase whereas reduction in cellulase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities. There was a significant increase in nitrogen fixing, phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacterial population, improvement in physico-chemical conditions and a decrease in total oil and grease (TOG) levels. Besides there was significant variations in the productivity parameters and antioxidant profiles of Cyperus brevifolius in hydrocarbons stress condition suggesting enzymatic defense of the herb. The fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis indicated uptake and metabolism of some hydrocarbon components by the experimental plant from the hydrocarbons polluted soil.

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Substitusi Konsentrat Protein Menggunakan Tepung Bulu Ayam yang Diolah Secara Fisiko-Kimia dan Fermentasi Menggunakan Bacillus sp. Mts

Jurnal Agripet ◽

10.17969/agripet.v14i1.1202 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

Sri Rahayu ◽

Muhamad Bata ◽

Winarto Hadi

Keyword(s):

Feed Consumption ◽

Protein Concentrate ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Chicken Feather ◽

Feather Meal ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Chemical Techniques ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Chicken Feather Meal

(Protein concentrate substitution using feather meal processed by physico-chemistry and fermentatio)ABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of protein concentrate substitution using processed feather meal in growing layer-ration. Chicken feather meal was processed by physico-chemical techniques viz.soaking in 0.5% (b/v) NaOH and Na2S at 60°C and continued by fermentation using Bacillus sp. MTS. The method was experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments that replicated for four times. The treatments tested was level of concentrate substitution i.e. 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16%. Protein concentrate substitution had no significantly effect (P 0.05) on growth, feed consumption and convertion of growing layer. Keratin meal from chicken feather can be applied in growing layer-ration 16% respectively or substitute the protein concentrate as much as 53%.

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