scholarly journals MAIN INTERESTS OF A MEMBER OF THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY AS A CONSUMER OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
A. A. Kalarash
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Full Implementation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Business Entities

The article examines the essence and features of the interests of a member of the territorial community as a consumer of municipal services, clarifying the public interest and the interest of a member of the territorial community, as well as providing characteristics of municipal services and outlining the specifics of the status of a member local governments in the formation and maintenance of such status. The notion of interests of a member of a territorial community as a consumer of municipal services is defined: it is a notion that reflects the aspirations, needs, motives, goals and ideas about the welfare of a member of such a territorial community as a local human community. self- government) through municipal enterprises or involved business entities, which ultimately aim to obtain quality and affordable services to the local population. It was found that municipal services are the activities of local governments, their officials or their established institutions, organizations and utilities to fulfill their responsibilities to local communities (or their community) to create conditions for the full implementation of citizens (members of the relevant territorial communities) their rights and freedomsIt was revealed that municipal services are the activities of local governments, their officials or their established institutions, organizations and utilities to fulfill their responsibilities to local communities (or their community) to create conditions for the full implementation of citizens (members of the relevant territorial communities) their rights and freedoms. It has been established that for the effective realization of the interests of members of the territorial community as consumers of municipal services, the municipal government, represented by local governments, must have information about the benefits that are important to them. It is noted that the normative indication in the interpretation of local self-government "in the interests of the local population (territorial community)" would not only clearly focus on understanding the purpose for which the institution of local self- government in Ukraine operates and what it is intended for.

scholarly journals PERSONALITY AS THE MAIN BENEFICIARY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
O. O. Boyarsky
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stateless Person

The article examines the features of the status of a person as the main beneficiary of local self-government. It was revealed that based on the essence of the term "beneficiary", it refers to those persons who receive certain benefits, income or dividends not due to the active exercise of their rights, but to some extent "passively" due to their status or activities of others. It is has established that the very understanding of a person as a beneficiary of local self-government demonstrates a new emphasis in understanding how the municipal government should act and in whose interests. The center of such activity should be a person as a member of the territorial community, and his interests should be satisfied through the adequate activities of local governments determined by such interests. Person as the main beneficiary of local self-government appears: a citizen of Ukraine, a foreign citizen or a stateless person (stateless person) or a refugee; member of the territorial community; a resident of a village, settlement, city or association of villages, settlements, cities it is determined. A new approach to understanding the status of a person – a beneficiary of local self- government in a broad and narrow sense (in a broad sense – in the exercise of local self- government of all its powers, in the narrow – the exercise of local authorities in relation to vulnerable groups). It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine through the prism of the powers of local governments provides clear recipients (beneficiaries), which are mainly those categories of the local population who need various financial, material or other support and assistance – including socially vulnerable or vulnerable members of the territorial community. Thus, a person is a member of a territorial community, and his interests must be satisfied through the adequate activities of local self-government bodies determined by such interests.

scholarly journals Theoretical issues of local government in modern conditions

Upravlenie ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Indira Kokhanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The theoretical issues of organizing the activities of local governments as a key element of municipal government have been considered. Currently, the relevance of studying the management of municipalities is increasing. This is due to economic, political reasons and processes, occurring in the municipalities. Municipal management is a key element of the public administration system, at the core of the organization of management at the local management level is the satisfaction of needs, as well as the realization of the public interests of the local population. The legislator has clearly defined the scope, authority and responsibility for local governments. At the same time, the main areas of activity of municipal authorities include the organization and subordination of the activities of enterprises, organizations and institutions of municipal and other forms of ownership, located in the territory of the municipal entity, arising on the basis of satisfaction of the public interests of citizens. It is the local authorities, that ensure the organization and implementation of local government with the independent participation of social structures and their individual elements, when solving issues of local importance. The highest value of local government is the recognition of the rights of man and citizen. A citizen acts as an independent entity, which forms the management at the municipal level. Municipal government is the basis of the democratic system of the state and an indispensable condition for the progressive development of modern society; has its own essence, political property, which determines its content, value and purpose; the basis of the essence is power and its implementation. In the process of implementing the activities of officials or executive bodies in order to develop the most effective option of municipal government, in practice, certain methods and techniques of activity in this area are used.

RIGHT OF ACTION TO CHALLENGE TRANSACTIONS THAT RESULT IN FOREIGN INVESTORS GAINING CONTROL OVER BUSINESS ENTITIES OF STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-138
Author(s):  
D.A. FEDYAEV
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foreign Investor ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Right Of Action ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Right

In the Russian Federation, as in a number of other economically developed countries, there are legal restrictions on the admission of foreign investors to participate in commercial corporate organizations of strategic importance for national defence and state security. Failure by foreign investors to comply with this mechanism leads to the nullity of transactions and, as a consequence, to legal disputes, the subject of which are mainly restitution claims. There have been numerous problems and academic debates in recent court practice regarding the reasons and the possibility of satisfying such claims. In particular, in view of the changed circumstances after the conclusion of the contested transaction, the real public interest is not always visible pursued by the claim for application of consequences of its invalidity. The author proposes that in the course of judicial proceedings in such cases, when the defendant raises the relevant reasoned objections, not only to state the fact of violation of the law by a foreign investor, but also to reveal the public interest defended by the foreign investor. The author proposes that, in such cases, the defendant’s arguments should not be limited to stating that the foreign investor has breached the law. If one is not established, a claim may be dismissed under certain conditions, taking into account established doctrinal approaches to the understanding of the right of action.

scholarly journals Democratic Information Communities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Shane
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Political Liberty ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Organization Analysis ◽  
Media Power ◽  
Flow Of Information

In order that American communities may thrive in a 21st century democratic context, both individuals and organizations across the private, public, and nonprofit sectors must intentionally dedicate themselves to promoting an inclusive flow of information designed to support collective problem-solving, the coordination of community activity, public accountability, and connectedness within the community. Our national commitment to democracy – to ideals of political liberty and equality – means not only that local communities need information adequate for these purposes, but that our practices of information creation, organization, analysis, and transmission be democratic in character. This creates a special community need for good journalism, for a for-profit media environment attentive to issues of access, diversity, relevance, and media power, and for nonprofit institutions that develop and organize information in the public interest that assist communities by actively facilitating democratic conversation for community agenda-setting, problem-solving and conflict resolution. Communities that pursue these aims should be considered “democratic information communities.”

Contesting ‘Sustainability' in Infrastructure Planning

2010 ◽  
pp. 213-230
Author(s):  
Kuniko Shibata ◽  
Paul Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Infrastructure Planning ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainability Concept

Sustainable infrastructure demands that declared principles of sustainability are enacted in the processes of its implementation. However, a problem arises if the concept of sustainability is not thoroughly scrutinized in the planning process. The public interest could be undermined when the rhetoric of sustainability is used to substantiate a proposed plan. This chapter analyses the manifestation of sustainable development in the Boggo Road Busway Plan in Brisbane, Australia against the sustainability agenda set in the South East Queensland Regional and Transport Plans. Although the construction of the Busway was intended to improve public transport access in the region, its implementation drew significant environmental concerns. Local community groups contested the ‘sustainability’ concept deployed in Queensland’s infrastructure planning. Their challenges resulted in important concessions in the delivery of the Busway plan. This case demonstrates that principles of sustainable infrastructure should be measurable and that local communities be better informed in order to fulfill the public interest in regional planning.

scholarly journals Babbage among the insurers: Big 19th-century data and the public interest

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 129-153
Author(s):  
Daniel C.S. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Human Longevity ◽  
Subsequent Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Life Assurance ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mortality Table

This article examines life assurance and the politics of ‘big data’ in mid-19th-century Britain. The datasets generated by life assurance companies were vast archives of information about human longevity. Actuaries distilled these archives into mortality tables – immensely valuable tools for predicting mortality and so pricing risk. The status of the mortality table was ambiguous, being both a public and a private object: often computed from company records they could also be extrapolated from public projects such as the census, or clerical records. Life assurance more generally straddled the line between private enterprise and collective endeavour, though its advocates stressed the public interest in its success. Reforming actuaries such as Thomas Rowe Edmonds wanted the data on which mortality tables were based to be made publicly available, but faced resistance. Such resistance undermined insurers’ claims to be scientific in spirit and hindered Edmonds’s personal quest for a law of mortality. Edmonds pushed instead for an open actuarial science alongside fellow travellers at the Statistical Society of London, which was populated by statisticians such as William Farr (whose subsequent work, it is argued, was influenced by Edmonds) as well as by radical mathematicians such as Charles Babbage. The article explores Babbage’s little-known foray into the world of insurance, both as a budding actuary but also as a fierce critic of the industry. These debates over the construction, ownership, and accessibility of insurance datasets show that concern about the politics of big data did not begin in the 21st century.

Public Libraries and Local E-Government

2009 ◽  
pp. 647-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Primary Location ◽  
And Training

Many residents and local communities rely on public libraries for access to and training to use e-government. Many local governments direct citizens to the public library for help in using e-government, while citizens seek help from the public library in using local e-government when they have no other means of connecting or when they want help using e-government. As a result, public libraries now serve not only as instrumentalities of local government, but as a primary location for access to local e-government and a very successful link between citizens to e-government. As residents, communities, and governments rely on public libraries as a main access point to e-government, it essential to better understand the connection and education roles of public libraries to improve the delivery of local e-government.

The Effect of Personality Traits on Public Service Motivation: Evidence from Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyi-Lu Jang
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Public Service Motivation ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
The Public

The relationship between the Big Five personality traits (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and public service motivation (PSM) was examined using a questionnaire survey of 277 public servants employed by 3 local governments in Taiwan. Regression analysis results indicated that extraversion was positively related to attraction to policy making, but negatively associated with self-sacrifice. Agreeableness was positively correlated to compassion. Conscientiousness was positively related to commitment to the public interest, compassion, and self-sacrifice. Neuroticism was negatively associated with commitment to the public interest and compassion, but positively with attraction to policy making. Openness to experience was positively correlated with all dimensions of PSM. In summary, personality traits can function as strong predictors of public service motivation.

How can a municipal government continue operations during megadisasters? An analysis of preparedness using complex adaptive systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-792
Author(s):  
Masahiko Haraguchi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Continuity Planning ◽  
Complex Adaptive

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how government continuity planning contributes to strengthening the public sector's emergency preparedness, resulting in enhanced resilience of the public sector. Government continuity plans (GCPs) are a recently focused concept in disaster preparedness, compared to business continuity plans (BCPs) in the private sector. The need for BCPs was widely recognized after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and the 2011 Thailand Floods. However, recent disasters, such as the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan, have revealed that local governments without effective GCPs were severely affected by disasters, preventing them from quickly responding to or recovering from disasters. When the GEJE occurred in 2011, only 11% of municipal governments in Japan had GCPs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes basic principles of government continuity planning using complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory while summarizing recent developments in theory and practice of government continuity planning.FindingsThis research investigates the Japanese experience of GCPs using self-organization, one of the concepts of CAS. A GCP will complement regional disaster plans, which often focus on what governments should do to protect citizens during emergencies but fail to outline how governments should prepare for an emergency operation. The study concludes that GCPs contribute to increased resilience among the public sector in terms of robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness and rapidity.Practical implicationsThis paper includes implications for the development and improvement of a GCP's operational guideline.Originality/valueThis research fulfills an identified need to investigate the effectiveness of a GCP for resilience in the public sector and how to improve its operation using concepts of CAS.

scholarly journals Transforming the Culture of Chinese Prosecutors Through Guiding Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-235
Author(s):  
Colin Hawes
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Criminal Suspects ◽  
The Government

Public prosecutors are a key element within the legal complex, and crucial to the effective implementation of legal reforms. China’s procurators (public prosecutors) have previously colluded with local governments, police, and courts to “strike hard” against crime while overlooking systemic beating and torture of detained suspects to obtain confessions, shoddy investigative practices, and frequent miscarriages of justice. However, fifteen sets of Guiding Cases issued by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate since 2010 promote an unprecedented change in Chinese procurator culture away from “striking hard” to substantive protection of criminal suspects’ rights and exclusion of tainted evidence. They reinforce criminal procedure reforms since 2010 by demonstrating how procurators should protect innocent people against wrongful convictions and police brutality. They also stress the broader duty of China’s procurators to uphold the public interest against corrupt businesses and officials, especially in food safety, land-taking, and environmental protection cases. With other key actors in China’s “legal complex”—rights lawyers and civil society groups—still suppressed by the government, this effort to transform procurator culture is an essential, though still incomplete, step on China’s tortuous path toward a fair and just legal system.

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