scholarly journals La nueva política lingüística en el País Vasco Norte

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-460
Author(s):  
Eguzki URTEAGA
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Advisory Board ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Office ◽  
The Public ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
The One ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: 2004ko urteak inflexio-puntua markatu zuen Ipar Euskal Herrian landu eta ondoren ezarritako hizkuntza politikan; batez ere, Hizkuntza Politikarako Obragintza Publikoa Euskararen Erakunde Publiko (EEP) bilakatzearen ondorioz. Aldaketa horrek botere publikoen borondatea erakusten du, toki-gobernamenduan eskema klasikoago batera itzultzeko —alde batetik, administrazio publikoak, eta bestetik, elkarte-eragileak, aholku-batzorde batean bilduta—, bai eta haien asmo bat ere: euskara berpiztearen aldeko politika publiko handinahiago bat aurrera eramatea. Entitate berri horrek, interes publikoko elkargoaren forma juridikoa hartu baitu, misio edo eginkizun bikoitza du: euskararen aldeko hizkuntza politika publikoa eta hitzartua asmatzea, definitzea eta obratzea; eta behar diren finantza baliabideak bermatzea, bere egitasmoan ezarri dituen ekintzak edo obralari batzuekin hitzartu dituenak gauzatzeko. Euskararen Erakunde Publikoa da bere baitan diren erakundeen aginduz euskara berpizteko politika prestatzeko ardura duena. Lan horren ondorioz, 2006an, Hizkuntza Politika Proiektu bat sortu zen, epe labur eta ertaineko orientazioak eta helburuak finkatzen zituena, hala nola, jarraitu beharreko estrategia, eta programa operatibo bat, haiek lortzeko bidea zabalduko zuena, ahaztu gabe, jakina, jarraipen-adierazle batzuk, ebaluazioa errazte aldera. Politika horri ministerioarteko ebaluazio bikoitza egin zaio, zeinak ondorio hauek atera dituen, besteak beste: Euskararen Erakunde Publikoak esku-hartzeko duen gaitasuna areagotua, Eusko Jaurlaritzarekin lankidetza indartua, aurrerapen nabarmenak hezkuntzaren bidezko euskararen transmisioan, euskarazko baliabideen hobekuntza, eta Aholku Batzordeak ez duela bere tokia aurkitu. ABSTRACT: 2004 is a turning point in the linguistic policy elaborated and thereafter implemented in northern Basque Country, particularly because of the transformation of the Direction for the Public Works into the Public Office for the Basque Language. That change gives an account of the willingness of public authorities to go back to a classic scheme in the local governance with, on the one hand, public administrations and, on the other hand, associative actors gathered at the Advisory Board, and their wish to carry out a more ambitious public policy for the revitalization of Basque. This new entity, which acts as a public interest group, is equipped with a twofold function: to design, define and initiate a linguistic policy for the Basque; and to mobilize the necessary financial resources for its implementation. The elaboration of a policy for the linguistic revitalization was commissioned by its member institutions to the Public Office for the Basque Language. This effort results, in December 2006, in the drafting of a Project for a Linguistic policy that sets out the main guidelines and objectives to be achieved in the short and medium term together with the strategy to follow and an operative program to be applied in order to attain them; without neglecting some monitoring indicators in order to facilitate assessment. This policy has undergone a double interdepartmental assessment which concludes among others the increasing of the intervention ability by the Public Office for the Basque Language, an enhanced cooperation with the Basque Government, significant advances in the transmission of Basque by means of education, an improvement in euskera resources, but also an Advisory Board which has not found its rightful place yet. RESUMEN: El año 2004 marca un punto de inflexión en la política lingüística elaborada y posteriormente implementada en el País Vasco norte, en particular como consecuencia de la transformación de la Dirección de la Obra Pública en la Oficina Pública de la Lengua Vasca (OPLV). Ese cambio da cuenta de la voluntad de los poderes públicos de volver a un esquema más clásico en la gobernanza local, con, por un lado, las administraciones públicas, y, por otro, los actores asociativos reunidos en un Comité Consultivo, y de su deseo de llevar a cabo una política pública más ambiciosa a favor de la revitalización de la lengua vasca. Esta nueva entidad, que toma la forma jurídica de una Agrupación de Interés Público, es dotada de una doble misión: concebir, definir y poner en marcha una política lingüística a favor de la lengua vasca; y, movilizar los recursos financieros necesarios a su implementación. La OPLV es encargada por las instituciones que la componen de elaborar una política de revitalización lingüística. Esa labor desemboca, en diciembre de 2006, en la confección de un Proyecto de Política Lingüística que fija las grandes orientaciones y los objetivos a alcanzar a corto y medio plazo, así como la estrategia a seguir y un programa operativo a aplicar que permita alcanzarlos; sin omitir unos indicadores de seguimiento que faciliten su evaluación. Esta política ha sido objeto de una doble evaluación interministerial, que concluye, entre otros, a un incremento de la capacidad de intervención de la OPLV, a una cooperación reforzada con el Gobierno Vasco, a unos avances significativos en la transmisión de la lengua vasca a través de la enseñanza, a una mejora en los recursos en euskera, pero también, a un Comité Consultivo que no ha conseguido encontrar su lugar.

scholarly journals La política a favor de la cultura vasca en el País Vasco norte.

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-237
Author(s):  
Eguzki URTEAGA
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: 1990ean, Euskal Kultur Erakundearen sorrerak inflexio-puntu bat suposatu du Iparraldean gauzatu den euskal kulturaren aldeko politikan, batetik, harrezkero, lurralde horrek bere kultura propioa sustatzeaz arduratzen den politika berezi bat baitauka, eta, bestetik, Ipar Euskal Herria politika publiko hori osatzeaz, gauzatzeaz eta ebaluatzeaz arduratzen den erakunde batetaz hornitu baita. Bere sorreraz geroztik, kultur elkarteen bultzadaren ondorioz eta lurraldeko administrazio publiko ezberdinen borondateari esker, EKEk lan egiten du euskal kulturaren babes, transmisio eta hedapenaren alde, arreta berezia jarriz euskarazko sorkuntzaren aldeko ekimenetan. Horretarako, egitarau eta gailu multzo batean egikaritu den norabide estrategikoetaz hornitu da. Erakunde hori euskal kulturaren baliabide erakargune bat bezala ezagutua da eta rol garrantzitsu bat jokatzen du mugaz gaindiko harremanetan, batez ere Eusko Jaurlaritzarekin daukan harreman estuari esker. Horrez gain, Euskal Kultur Erakundeak, egunerokotasunean, arte eszeniko, ikus-entzun, ondare ala letren arloetan diharduten kultur erakundeak laguntzen ditu. Izan ere, bere lantaldeak egitasmoak garatzen ditu elkarte-kideekin lankidetzan jardunez, baita ere beste bazkide batzuekin, publikoak eta pribatuak izan daitezela. Batez ere frantses eta euskal administrazio publikoek diruztatzen dute, eta bere Administrazio kontseilua erakunde publiko zein lurraldeko kultur eragilez osaturik dago. ABSTRACT: The creation of the Basque Cultural Institute (BCI) in 1990 is a turning point in the policy in favour of the Basque culture in Iparralde, on the one hand, because since then the territory has a specific policy for the promotion of its own culture and, on the other, because the Northern Basque Country is equipped with an institution dedicated to ellaborate, implement and assess this public policy. Since its creation, under the impetus of cultural associations and thanks to the political willingness of the different public administrations of the territory, the BCI works for the preservation, transmission and dissemination of the Basque culture, especially promoting the actions for the creation of the Basque expression. For that purpose, it establishes certain strategic guidances that resulted in a series of programmes and devices. This entity is acknowledged as a resource centre for the Basque culture and it plays a relevant role within the framework of transborder relationships, notably because of the privileged collaboration with the Basque government. The Basque Culture Institute in addition to promoting the cultural action attempts to accompany on a day-to-day level the cultural associations involved in the fields of scenic arts, audiovisual sector, patrimony and literature. Indeed, its professional team develops some projects with the close collaboration of their member-associations as well as with other partners, both public and private. It is essentialy public-funded, both by French and Basque authorities, and its governing board is composed of public entities and cultural actors from the territory. RESUMEN: La creación del Instituto Cultural Vasco (ICV) en 1990 marca un punto de inflexión en la política a favor de la cultura vasca en Iparralde, por un lado, porque, a partir de entonces, el territorio dispone de una política específica encargada de fomentar su propia cultura, y, por otro lado, dado que el País Vasco norte se dota de una institución encargada de elaborar, implementar y evaluar esta política pública. Desde su creación, bajo el impulso de las asociaciones culturales y gracias a la voluntad política de las diferentes administraciones públicas del territorio, el ICV trabaja para la conservación, transmisión y difusión de la cultura vasca, promoviendo especialmente las iniciativas a favor de la creación de expresión vasca. Para ello, fija unas orientaciones estratégicas que se han plasmado en una serie de programas y dispositivos. Esta entidad es reconocida como un polo de recursos de la cultura vasca y juega un papel relevante en el marco de las relaciones transfronterizas, sobre todo gracias a una colaboración privilegiada con el Gobierno Vasco. El Instituto Cultural Vasco, además de promover la acción cultural, trata de acompañar, en el día a día, a las asociaciones culturales involucradas en los ámbitos de las artes escénicas, el sector audiovisual, el patrimonio y las letras. En efecto, su equipo profesional desarrolla unos proyectos en estrecha colaboración con sus asociaciones-miembros, así como con otros socios, tanto públicos como privados. Está básicamente financiado por las administraciones públicas, tanto galas como vascas, y su Consejo de administración está compuesto por entidades públicas y actores culturales del territorio.

El personal directivo en las leyes autonómicas de desarrollo del EBEP

2011 ◽  
pp. 283-323
Author(s):  
Luis F. MAESO SECO
Keyword(s):  
Basque Country ◽  
State Level ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Administrative Culture ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
The One ◽  
Pais Vasco ◽  
Managerial Staff

LABURPENA: Lau urte dira Administrazio Publikoko Langileen Oinarrizko Estatutua indarrean sartu zela, baita horren 13. artikulua ere. Artikulu horretan gobernuei (estatukoa eta autonomia erkidegoetakoak) deia egin zitzaien, nahi izanez gero, zuzendaritzako langileen araubidea ezar zezaten. Arrazoi batzuengatik edo beste batzuengatik (aukera politikoa, administrazioaren erresistentzia, kontrako egoera ekonomikoak, eta abar), dei hori ez du aintzat hartu ez estatuko indar legegileak ez estatuko gobernuak. Zenbait autonomia erkidegotako legegileek eta gobernuek, ordea, kontuan izan dute; horiek Administrazio Publikoko Langileen Oinarrizko Estatutua garatu dute —edo garatzeko izapideak egiten ari dira— eta zuzendaritzako langileen araubidea ezarri dute (Valentzian eta Gaztela-Mantxan, esate baterako, onartu dituzte dagoeneko enplegu publikoaren legeak). Horrez gain, horietako batzuek, hemen G10 deitutako taldea osatzen dutenek hain zuzen ere, berrikuntza asko egin dituzte gai honetan. Funtsezko edukietan, Balear Uharteetako Autonomia Erkidegoa eta Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa nabarmendu dira gainontzekoen gainetik. Horiei buruz mintzatzen da bereziki, bada, azterlana. RESUMEN: Hace ya más de cuatro años que el EBEP entró en vigor y también su artículo 13. Un artículo en el que se hacía una llamada a los ejecutivos (estatal y autonómicos) para que, sí así lo deseaban, estableciesen un régimen del personal directivo. Pues bien, lo cierto es que, por unas razones u otras (de oportunidad política, de resistencias administrativas, de coyunturas económicas desfavorables, etc.), aquella llamada no ha sido atendida por el legislador o el ejecutivo estatal. Pero sí por los legisladores y ejecutivos de varias Comunidades Autónomas que, no sólo no han dudado en desarrollar el EBEP —o están en trámite de hacerlo— y establecer un régimen de su personal directivo (caso de Valencia o de Castilla-La Mancha, con sus leyes de empleo público ya aprobadas), sino que algunas de ellas (las que integran el aquí llamado G10) han innovado de forma considerable en la materia. Destacando en lo sustantivo y por encima del resto, la Comunidad de las Islas Baleares y el País Vasco. A las cuales está dedicado de manera especial este estudio. ABSTRACT: The Basic Statute for Civil Servants (EBEP in Spanish) came into force more than four years ago, and also its article 13. This article 13 made a call to (state and regional) executives to establish a regime for the managerial staff, if they so wished. Well then the truth is that due to different reasons (political opportunity, administrative culture and others related to economic crisis), that call was not taken into account at the State level. However, Legislators and Executives from different Autonomous Communities have responded to this call. On the one hand, by developing the EBEP (or they are in the process of doing so) and by establishing a regime for managerial staff (the case of Valencia and Castilla-La Mancha, whose public employment acts had already been passed). Also and in addi tion, some of them (those members of the so called G10) have made remarkable innovations on the matter. The Communities of the Balearic Islands and Basque Country stand out above the rest, to which this study is specially devoted.

La prohibición de realizar aportaciones a planes de pensiones de empleo en la Ley de Presupuestos Generales del Estado para el año 2012

2013 ◽  
pp. 53-80
Author(s):  
Mirari ERDAIDE GABIOLA ◽  
Arantza GONZÁLEZ LÓPEZ
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Employee ◽  
Autonomous Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insurance Policies ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: Estatuko Aurrekontu Orokorren Legeak sektore publikoko herriadministrazio eta erakunde guztiei debekatu egiten die ekarpenik egitea enpleguko pentsio-planetan edo aseguru kolektiboko kontratuetan, erretiroagatiko estaldura jasotzen badute. Hain zuzen ere, debeku hori aztertzen da lan honetan. Azterketa Enplegatu Publikoaren Oinarrizko Estatutua eta EK-ko 149.1.13. nahiz 156. artikuluen inguruko doktrina konstituzionala oinarri hartuta egituratzen da, eta debeku haren konstituziokontrakotasuna ondorioztatzen du. Adibidez, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoaren kasuan, debekuak Euskal Herriko Autonomia Estatutuko 10.4 artikulutik ondorioztatzen den berezko eskumen-esparru esklusiboan dauka eragina. RESUMEN: Este trabajo analiza la prohibición que impone la Ley de Presupuestos Generales del Estado a todas las Administraciones Públicas y entidades integrantes del sector público de realizar aportaciones a planes de pensiones de empleo o contratos de seguro colectivos que incluyan la cobertura de la contingencia de jubilación. El análisis se vertebra a partir del Estatuto Básico del Empleado Público y de la doctrina constitucional en torno a los artículos 149.1.13.ª CE y 156 CE, concluyendo en la inconstitucionalidad de aquella prohibición, que en la Comunidad Autónoma de Euskadi incide en el ámbito competencial propio y exclusivo que deriva del artículo 10.4 del Estatuto de Autonomía del País Vasco. ABSTRACT: This work analyzes the prohibition imposed by the State Budget’s Act to every public administration and entity part of the public sector to contribute to pension plans or collective insurance policies that cover the retirement contingency. This analysis has as essential structure the Basic Statute of the Public Employee and the constitutional doctrine regarding articles 149.1.13 and 156 of the Constitution and it concludes with the unconstitutionality of that prohibition which in the Autonomous Community of Euskadi has an impact on the very own and exclusive powers that derive from article 10.4 of the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country.

scholarly journals La política de ordenación y desarrollo del País Vasco norte

2020 ◽  
pp. 293-338
Author(s):  
Eguzki URTEAGA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: Gaur egungo testuingurua, une berean, lurralde tentsioek, eskualde hiriburuen metropolizazioak, fenomeno periurbanoaren hazkundeak eta zerbitzu publiko zein lan gutxiz hornitutako landaguneen despopulatzeak ezaugarritzen dute, baita ere ekoizpen jardueren kontzentrazioan, baliabide naturalen ustiapenean eta ezberdintasun sozialen handitzean oinarritutako garapen ereduak. Bilakaera horiek ez bazaizkio Ipar Euskal Herriari propioak, oihartzun berezi bat daukate bertan. Preseski, artikulu honen helburua, lurraldea ulertzeko eta lurralde antolaketa zein garapena irudikatzeko modu originala azaltzea da. Politika horren hasera 1990. hamarkadan kokatzen da, Euskal Herria 2010 prospektiba lanarekin eta Garapen Kontseilua-Hautetsien Kontseilua bikotea osatzearekin, eta 2020an amaitzen da, Euskal Elkargoaren gobernantza itunaren onarpenarekin, zeinak, lurraldearen erakunde errepresentagarriak, lotuak zaizkion erakundeekin dauzkan harremanak arautzen dituen, 2015-2020 Lurralde Kontratua indarrean dagoen bitartean. Garai hori, lurralde-egitasmoaren eraberritzearen unea izateaz gain, bertako gobernantza gailuaren bilakaerarena da, aipatutako bikoteak Euskal Elkargoa eta Garapen Kontseiluaren arteko lankidetzari tokia uzten baitio. ABSTRACT: The current context is characterized at the same time by the exacerbation of the territorial tensions with the metropolization of regional capitals, the rise of the periurban phenomenum and the depopulation of rural areas where public services and employments are decreasing, and by the exhaustion of a model of development based on the clustering of productive activity, exploitation of natural resources and the growth of social inequalities. Albeit those are not specific to Northern Basque Country, they find a particular resonance in it. The objective of this article is precisely to give accout of this original way of designing territory and contemplating its planning and development. This policy began in the nineties with the accomplishment of the Basque Country Foresight 2010 and the setting up of the binomial Council for the Development and the Council of Elected, and it continues until 2020 with the adoption of a new governance agreement for the Conurbation Community of the Basque Country that determines the relationships between the territorial representative institution and the associated bodies, and the adoption of the Charter for sustainable planning and developent of the Basque Country with the Territorial contract for 2015-2020 in the background. This period is characterized by the drafting and subsequent renewal of the project of territory which has led to a contractualization in the form of a specific agreement and territorial contracts; and by the evolution of local governance which moves from that binomial to the collaboration between the Conurbation Community and the Council for Development. RESUMEN: El contexto actual está marcado, a la vez, por la exacerbación de las tensiones territoriales, con la metropolización de las capitales regionales, el auge del fenómeno periurbano y la despoblación de las zonas rurales cada vez menos dotadas en servicios públicos y empleos, y por el agotamiento de un modelo de desarrollo basado en la concentración de la actividad productiva, la explotación de los recursos naturales y el aumento de las desigualdades sociales. Si estas evoluciones no son específicas al País Vasco norte, encuentran en él una resonancia particular. El objetivo de este artículo es precisamente dar cuenta de esta manera original de concebir el territorio y de contemplar su ordenación y desarrollo. Esta política se inicia en los años noventa, con la realización de la Prospectiva País Vasco 2010 y la puesta en marcha del binomio Consejo de Desarrollo-Consejo de Electos, y prosigue hasta 2020, con la aprobación de un nuevo pacto de gobernanza de la Comunidad de Aglomeración del País Vasco que determina las relaciones entre la institución representativa del territorio y los organismos asociados, y la aprobación de la Carta de ordenación y desarrollo sostenibles del País Vasco, el Contrato Territorial 2015-2020 en trasfondo. Este periodo se caracteriza por la elaboración y posterior renovación del proyecto de territorio, que ha dado lugar a una contractualización bajo la forma de un Convenio Específico y de Contratos Territoriales; y, por la evolución del dispositivo de gobernanza local que pasa de dicho binomio a la colaboración entre el Comunidad de Aglomeración y el Consejo de Desarrollo.

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL REGULATION OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT OF DISABLED PERSONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Genrikh Kazarian
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
Professional Mobility

The article deals with the peculiarities of institutional regulation of social and economic support of disabled persons. In particular, a component composition of the organizational system of social and economic support of disabled persons is considered, its separate components are studied and the author's position on the expansion of their totality with new elements is substantiated. Within the work, modern features of the public authorities functioning in this sphere are analyzed. In addition, preconditions for the formation of a system of institutional regulation of socio-economic support of disabled persons are considered in detail, measures of such regulation are defined, these measures are divided into two groups: active (creation of workplaces, empowerment for foreign investment and self-employment of disabled persons; vocational guidance, training and retraining of personnel; organization of public works; strengthening the territorial and professional mobility of disabled persons) and passive (payment of benefits to disabled persons; assistance to family members who are detained by disabled persons).

scholarly journals MEDIATION IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDING: MYTH OR REALITY NOWADAYS

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Law ◽  
Public Authority ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Acceptable Solution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Administrative Proceeding ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The One

In legal life of the modern world common ways of resolution to the legal disputes (conflicts) are not always efficient, since, as a rule, interests and needs of the one side and sometimes even of the both ones are left unsatisfied. Appeal to the public authorities because of each law conflict results in overloading of courts and administrative authorities. Implementation of other alternative ways of resolution of legal disputes, for example, such as mediation, can be an option to improvement of justice access and to reduction of court overloading. The article is devoted to reviewing the peculiarities of implementation of the method of mediation in administrative proceeding. It reports on attributes of administrative law conflict and also on peculiarities of conducting the procedure of mediation. Scholarly works of domestic scientists such as Sydelnikov O. D., Krasilovska Z. V., Lysko A., Mazaraki N. A. and others have been devoted to this problematique. Mediation - is a consensual and confidential procedure extrajudicial settlements of conflicts, in which a mediator helps the sides to understand their interests and search efficient ways of achieving mutually acceptable solution. The sphere of administrative disputes is the most difficult for implementation of mediation procedure. It is specified by typical peculiarities for such disputes and also by legal nature of subjects of administrative legal relationship. Exactly because of this, some scientists refer to partial nonmediability of such disputes, as one of the side in this case is always an organ of public authority. Approaching a compromise between public authority and a citizen is a prioritized direction of state and local authority activity. The procedure of mediation can be applied only in certain administrative disputes. In this case it is possible to single out advantages of implementation of the mediation procedure in dealing with administrative law conflict, they are effectiveness, saving funds and time, speed, confidentiality, unloading administrative courts, embodiment the principle of service conception of the state, the principle of the rule of law and proper management.

scholarly journals Mujeres deportistas: poca visibilidad y mucho estereotipo

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283
Author(s):  
Alazne Mujika-Alberdi ◽  
Iñaki García-Arrizabalaga ◽  
Juan José Gibaja-Martins
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Significant Advance ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Pais Vasco ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

En el artículo se analiza la opinión ciudadana sobre la imagen de las mujeres deportistas en relación con la de los hombres deportistas en el Territorio Histórico de Gipuzkoa (País Vasco, España). En los últimos años, se constata un avance significativo en la paridad de la práctica deportiva, con resultados positivos en términos de rendimiento deportivo de las mujeres deportistas. Sin embargo, los medios de comunicación siguen ofreciendo a menudo una imagen estereotipada de las mujeres deportistas reproducida luego en la opinión pública. El artículo muestra los resultados de una encuesta realizada a la población guipuzcoana sobre la visibilidad/invisibilidad de las mujeres deportistas y los estereotipos asociados a su imagen. Los resultados indican que todavía, y a pesar de diferentes esfuerzos, las mujeres deportistas son poco visibles para la población. Tanto la notoriedad espontánea como la asistida de las mujeres deportistas es muy inferior a la de los hombres deportistas. La poca visibilidad se añade a otro problema, la perdurabilidad de los estereotipos. Se confirma la tendencia a incidir en cuestiones ligadas al aspecto físico, así como la atribución de diferentes valores según el sexo del deportista. A pesar de todo, se ha identificado una predisposición favorable hacia el consumo de deporte femenino o practicado por mujeres. En definitiva, se observan algunos pasos en la dirección hacia la paridad, pero el reto sigue aún vigente. The article analyzes the public opinion on the image of sportswomen in relation to that of sportsmen in the Historical Territory of Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, Spain). In recent years, there has been a significant advance in the parity of sports practice, with positive results in terms of sports performance of female athletes. However, the media often continue to offer a stereotypical image of female athletes later reproduced in public opinion. The article shows the results of a survey carried out among the Gipuzkoan population on the visibility / invisibility of sportswomen and the stereotypes associated with their image. The results indicate that still, and despite different efforts, female athletes are not very visible to the population. Both the spontaneous and assisted notoriety of female athletes is much lower than that of male athletes. Low visibility adds to another problem, the persistence of stereotypes. The tendency to influence issues related to physical appearance is confirmed, as well as the attribution of different values according to the athlete's sex. Despite everything, a favorable predisposition towards the consumption of sports by women or practiced by women has been identified. In short, there are some steps towards parity, but the challenge remains. O artigo analisa a opinião pública sobre a imagem das esportistas mulehres em relação à dos esportistas homens no Território Histórico de Gipuzkoa (País Basco, Espanha). Nos últimos anos, houve um avanço significativo na paridade da prática esportiva, com resultados positivos no desempenho esportivo das atletas do sexo feminino. No entanto, a mídia muitas vezes continua a oferecer uma imagem estereotipada de atletas femininas posteriormente reproduzida na opinião pública. O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada junto à população gipuzkoana sobre a visibilidade / invisibilidade das esportistas e os estereótipos associados à sua imagem. Os resultados indicam que ainda, e apesar dos esforços diferenciados, as atletas femininas não são muito visíveis para a população. Tanto a notoriedade espontânea quanto a assistida de atletas do sexo feminino é muito menor do que a dos atletas do sexo masculino. A baixa visibilidade aumenta outro problema, a persistência de estereótipos. Confirma-se a tendência de influenciar questões relacionadas à aparência física, bem como a atribuição de valores diferenciados de acordo com o sexo do atleta. Apesar de tudo, identificou-se uma predisposição favorável ao consumo de esportes por mulheres ou praticados por mulheres. Em suma, existem alguns passos em direção à paridade, mas o desafio ainda está em vigor.

scholarly journals Where The Sidewalk Ends: The Governance Of Waterfront Toronto’s Sidewalk Labs Deal

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 263-283
Author(s):  
Alexandra Flynn ◽  
Mariana Valverde
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Future

In May 2020 Sidewalk Labs, the Google-affiliated ‘urban innovation’ company, announced that it was abandoning its ambition to build a ‘smart city’ on Toronto’s waterfront and thus ending its three-year relationship with Waterfront Toronto. This is thus a good time to look back and examine the whole process, with a view to drawing lessons both for the future of Canadian smart city projects and the future of public sector agencies with appointed boards. This article leaves to one side the gadgets and sensors that drew much attention to the proposed project, and instead focuses on the governance aspects, especially the role of the public ‘partner’ in the contemplated public-private partnership. We find that the multi-government agency, Waterfront Toronto, had transparency and accountability deficiencies, and failed to consistently defend the public interest from the beginning (the Request for Proposals issued in May of 2017).  Because the public partner in the proposed ‘deal’ was not, as is usually the case in smart city projects, a municipal corporation, our research allows us to address an important question in administrative law, namely: what powers should administrative bodies outside of government have in crafting smart city policies? In Canada, the comparatively limited Canadian scholarly work regarding urban law and governance has mainly focused on municipal governments themselves, and this scholarly void has contributed to the fact that the public is largely unaware of the numerous local bodies that oversee local matters beyond municipal governments.  This paper hones into the details of the WT-Sidewalk Labs partnership to understand the powers and limitations of WT in assuming a governmental role in establishing and overseeing ‘smart city’ relationships. It ultimately argues that WT has not been – nor should it be – empowered to create a smart city along Toronto’s post-industrial waterfront. Such tasks, we argue, belong to democratic bodies like municipalities. An important contribution of this paper is to situate the evolving role of public authorities in the local governance literature and in the context of administrative law.

La reciente experiencia en la CAPV: Código Ético y Comisión Ética Pública

2016 ◽  
pp. 293-316
Author(s):  
Elisa PÉREZ VERA
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Ethics ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Pais Vasco

LABURPENA: Artikulu honetan, aditzera ematen zaigu zer nolako esperientzia izan duen Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoak sektore publikoko ustelkeriaren aurkako borrokan. Hasieran, borroka horretan zer tresna erabil daitezkeen adierazten da, eta zenbait neurri azpimarratzen dira: besteak beste, Etika Kodeak eta Jokabide Kodeak. Jarraian, Euskal Herriko egoera zein den zehazte aldera, Eusko Jaurlaritzan erabiltzen den Etika eta Jokabide Kodea aztertzen da, baita Etika Publikorako Batzordearen funtzionamendua eta jarduna ere. Horietan guztietan, kontuan izan da ekainaren 26ko 1/2014 Legea, Kargu Publikodunen Jokabide Kodea eta haien Interes Gatazkak arautzen dituena. RESUMEN: El artículo presenta la experiencia de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco en materia de lucha contra la corrupción en el sector público. Se exponen inicialmente los instrumentos a los que se puede recurrir, haciendo hincapié en medidas como los Códigos Éticos y los Códigos de Conducta. A continuación y para fijar el estado de la cuestión en el País Vasco, se analiza el Código Ético y de conducta empleado en el Gobierno Vasco, así como el funcionamiento y la actividad de la Comisión de Ética Pública en los que también se tiene en cuenta la Ley 1/2014, de 26 de junio, reguladora del Código de conducta y de los conflictos de intereses de los cargos públicos. ABSTRACT: The article presents the experience of the Basque Country in the fight against corruption in the public sector. The instruments that can be used are initially described, emphasizing measures such as codes of ethics and codes of conduct. Next and to set the state of affairs in the Basque Country, the Ethics and Conduct Code used in the Basque Government is discussed, as well as the operation and activities of the Commission on Public Ethics, which also takes into account Act 1/2014, that regulates the code of conduct and conflict of interest of persons holding a public office.

14. Torts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Endicott
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Tort Liability ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Office ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998 ◽  
The One

A claim for damages for loss caused by a public authority gives a court the opportunity to do justice for the claimant, and also to impose the rule of law on the administration. The challenge is to do both without interfering in the administrative pursuit of public goods, and without creating public compensation funds that only a legislature can legitimately create. It is an important constitutional principle that liabilities in the law of tort apply to public authorities, just as to private parties. But there is no general liability to compensate for public action that was unlawful; the impugned conduct must meet the standard requirements of the tort liability of private parties, with the exception of the one public tort: misfeasance in a public office. This chapter discusses trespass to property, statutory liabilities, negligence, misfeasance in public office, and damages under the Human Rights Act 1998 and under European Union law.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document