scholarly journals Migrant Child Labour of Western Odisha in India: An Analytical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Samir Kumar Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Migrant Child ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
The Status ◽  
Labor System ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the status of migrant child laborers in all the ten districts of Western Odisha in India. Identification of the area of concentration of migrant child labor in Western Odisha and evaluations of dimensions of the problem has been made in this article. Approach/Methodology/Design: In this study descriptive qualitative research method is applied. The population of the research was the innocent migrant child laborers and their parents of Western Odisha .Total sampling technique was used in this study. The sample consisted of eighty migrant child laborers that had migrated to Andhra Pradesh and were rescued by the author with the help of Labor & Employment Department, Government of Odisha, Government of Andhra Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh Police. Findings: The result of the study indicates that due to acute poverty, illiteracy of children and their parents, low family income and big family size, people have migrated from one state to another state with their family members and children in search of works and higher wages. It is also found out that children are forced to work in hazardous occupations like brick kilns instead of going to schools. Moreover, it can be stated that the lack of awareness and non-implementation of Labour Laws are also among the main reasons for the prevalence of child labour. Practical Implications: The research study contributes to the understanding of the causes, consequences and remedies of child labor problems in the society. The results will provide solutions to the stakeholders to integrate the victims of child labor for the betterment of their lives. Originality/value: The study explores the impact of the child labor system on the society. Certain possible solutions are suggested to make Western Odisha, Odisha as well as the whole country, free from child labor practices.

scholarly journals The Impact of Child Labour on Children’s Educational Achievement in Ganta Afeshum Woreda, Tigray State, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Worku Dibu
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Impact

Child labour is an important aspect of social and economic reality that surrounds us although it is sometimes unnoticed. It is the severe problem of the world in general and the sub-Saharan countries like Ethiopia in particular in which children are considered an asset and means to improve livelihood of their family at the expense of their education. The attempt towards the elimination of child labor in Ethiopia is still lagging compare to the rest world. This in turn is affecting adversely the accumulation of human capital. Thus, the researcher was intended to assess the impact of Child Labour on Children’s Educational Achievement in Ganta Afeshum Woreda and give the possible solution to overcome this problem. To realize this objective, the researcher employed qualitative approach and used in depth interview, FGD, key informant interview, personal observation data collection instruments and employed descriptive research and purposive sampling technique. The researcher analyzed the finding qualitatively through interpretation, description and summarization of the data. As the finding of the study indicates child labour is sever in rural area than urban area and also girls are more exposed for child labour than boys, children are involved in domestic and non-domestic productive activities. The attitude of communities toward child labour is also positive; they consider children as valuable asset for contributing family income. The views of households on working children arise commonly from their poor knowledge about the issue and is directed by traditional outlooks of uprooting ‘milk teeth’, that is seen as a shift from childhood to adulthood. As the finding indicates, Child labour has an impact on children’s educational achievement by making them: repeated the class, absenteeism from class, drop out, make very tired, shortage of times for study and reducing the chance to access education, beside this, as the finding indicate attitude of the communities, employers, poverty coupled with limited access to credit, health and family size as well as the abusive practices are the challenges that hamper eliminating of child labour. Finally, as the finding indicate the local administrator strategy of employing one sector, one children and work with NGOs, private sector and public sectors play significant role via improving the future childhood of children.

scholarly journals Perceptions of midwives on shortage and retention of staff at a public hospital in Tshwane District

Curationis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mosehle S. Matlala ◽  
Thanyani G. Lumadi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Status ◽  
Generic Qualitative ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Impact

Background: Midwifery is the backbone of women and child healthcare. The shortage of staff in maternity units is a crisis faced by many countries worldwide, including South Africa.Objectives: This study aims to explore the perceptions of midwives on the shortage and retention of staff at a public institution.Method: The study was conducted at one of the tertiary hospitals in Tshwane District, Gauteng Province. A total of 11 midwives were interviewed through face-to-face and focus group interviews. An explorative, descriptive generic qualitative design method was followed, and a non-probability, purposive sampling technique was used. Thematic coding analysis was followed for analysing data.Results: The impact of shortage of midwives was reported to be directly related to poor provision of quality care as a result of increased workload, leading to low morale and burnout. The compromised autonomy of midwives in the high obstetrics dependency units devalues the status of midwives.Conclusion: Midwives are passionate about their job, despite the hurdles related to their day-to-day work environment. They are demoralised by chronic shortage of staff and feel overworked. Staff involvement in decision-making processes is a motivational factor for midwives to stay in the profession. The midwives need to be in the centre of the decision-making processes related to their profession. The revision of the scope of practice and classification of midwifery profession away from general nursing complex by the South African Nursing Council (SANC) could place midwifery in its rightful status.

scholarly journals DAMPAK LETUSAN GUNUNG KELUD TERHADAP PELAKU USAHA PERIKANAN DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Maulana Firdaus ◽  
Radityo Pramoda ◽  
Maharani Yulisti
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Loss ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak letusan Gunung Kelud terhadap pelaku usaha perikanan khususnya di Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2014 denganfokus lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Pare, Kabupaten Kediri yang merupakan sentra penghasil benih ikan lele. Data primer dan sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Informan ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa letusan Gunung Kelud sangat berdampak pada masyarakat perikanan di Kabupaten Kediri baik secara sosial maupun ekonomi. Dampak secara sosial berupa perubahan status pembudidaya, perubahan sosial dan perubahan mata pencaharian. Secara ekonomi, dampak letusan Gunung Kelud menyebabkan 274 pembudidaya di 16 kecamatan mengalami kerugian dengan total kerugian sebesar 3,9 milyar rupiah. Rata-rata nilai kerugian yang dialami oleh setiap pembudidaya adalah 14,4 juta rupiah per orang yang meliputi kematian ikan, kematian benih ikan, kematian induk ikan, rusaknya kolam ikan, serta rusaknya peralatan budidaya.Title: The Impact of Mount Kelud Eruption To Fisheries Bussinessin Kediri District, East Java ProvinceThis study aims to assess the impact of the Kelud eruption on fisheries sector in Kediri. The study was conducted in April-May 2014 with a focus on research location in Pare Subdistrict, KediriDistrict which is the catfish seed production centers. Primary and secondary data used in this study. Informants were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the Mount Kelud eruption greatly affected to the fisheries sector in Kediri, both socially and economically. Social impact in the form of changes in the status of farmers, changes in social status and changes in livelihood. Economically, the impact of the Kelud eruption caused 274 farmers in 16 districts experienced a loss with a total loss of 3.9 billion dollars. The average value of the losses suffered by each cultivator is 14.4 million dollars per person death of seeds, death of fish, damage to fishponds, and the destruction of farming equipment.

scholarly journals Impact of Academic Achievement Orientation in the Context of Private and Public Sector University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 642-650
Author(s):  
Wajiha Kanwal ◽  
Tahir Aziz ◽  
Saqib Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
University Students ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Academic Goals ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Impact

The problem of the study was to explore the impact of academic achievement orientation in the context of private and public sector university students; it further aimed to investigate the impact of demographic variations such as gender, age, semester, birth order, number of siblings, discipline and family income in determining the level of academic achievement orientation of private and public sector university students. The achievement orientation attitude scale developed by Ansari was used to measure achievement orientations, which was consisted of 10 items. Data was collected through a stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed with various statistics, which provided an insight that students differ in terms of academic achievement orientations. Results revealed that students of public sector universities have higher academic achievement orientations. It is also recommended that at the university level, students may also learn self-management and ought to work hard in order to achieve their academic goals without an external push.

scholarly journals Meningkatnya Pekerja Anak (Studi Konsep Maslahah)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Indar Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Factor

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Childhood is a growth process both physical and psyche, then ideally the children should be protected from from various behaviors that interfere with the growth. Therefore, the children’s rights should be guaranteed such as getting health, education and play. Then, there are many factors causing the existence of child labor. And poverty case is mentioned as the main factor that led to the emergence of child labor. Moreover, the risk and the impact of children’s involvement in work, means everything that experienced and felt annoying up to harm their physical and psychological. Although the poverty is often used as a reason of the child labor, but all of it are seized the child’s rights. The child who works before their age will make weak next generation. It is not apropriate with <em>maqasid asy-Syari’ah</em><em> </em>concept, one of them keep the five things, including one of <em>d}haruriyyah</em> need that keep the child’s psyche. It is strenghtened by the quotation from the Qur’an. The impact of child labor in both short time and long time, of course it is so damage their both physical and psychological as stated in Q.S. an-Nisa’(4): 9. It becomes a base of why child labour is not allowed. It is as mental protection form which is a <em>d}haruriyyah</em><em> </em>need. Although the child labour can help the family economic for live, in other case child labour must be avoided considering the disadvantage is bigger than its advantage. Meanwhile, if it is in order to help parent and does not interfere both their mental and their physical then it is allowed.</p><p> </p>Keyword: <em>Child, child labour, maslahah/goodness</em>

scholarly journals Impact of Homestead Agro-Forestry on Sustaining Livelihoods of Rural Poor in Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Jahan ◽  
MHA Rashid ◽  
T Jinan ◽  
S Islam
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agro Forestry

This study determines the impact of homestead agro-forestry on livelihood of rural households in Mymensingh district. In total 100 homestead agro-forestry practicing farmers from three upazilas namely Mymensingh Sadar, Bhaluka and Muktagachha of Mymensingh district were randomly selected for this study following a purposive sampling technique. Analysis was done considering the pre (before) and post (after) homestead agro-forestry practicing condition of farmers. The major findings of the study showed that per hectare net returns for vegetables and fruits cultivation were Tk. 6,703.62 and Tk. 14,532.61 respectively considering all farms. On an average, the contribution of vegetables and fruits in total homestead income was 20.23 per cent in before and 22.46 per cent in the after homestead agro-forestry practicing situation indicating enough potentiality to generate income from homestead agro-forestry. It was found that vegetables cultivation was much better for small farmers compared to medium and large farmers. For fruits and vegetables enterprises, the performance of large farmers was better than small and medium farmers. Large farmers were more efficient than medium and small category in case of fruit production. Most of the variables included in the Cobb-Douglas production function model had significant impact on homestead agro-forestry. The study revealed that homestead agro-forestry had positive impact on improving the status of rural households and women empowerment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17367 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 169 - 178, 2008 

scholarly journals The impact of selected macro variables on child labor in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Shafinah Rahim ◽  
Fatin Nur Nadia Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Impulse Response Functions ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Macro Variables ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of government expenditure, household expenditure and adult unemployment on child labour in Indonesia between 1985 and 2014. The data from the World Bank Indicators tested using Johansen &Juselius Cointegration (J&J), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Granger Causality, Generalized Variance Decomposition (GVDCs) and Generalized Impulse Response Functions (GIRFs) show thatthere are long run and short run relationships between the variables. Hence,the need to improve on policiesrelating to encouraging children to attend school without affecting their family income becomes critical. In addition household consumption pattern and spending decisions may require adjustment with the support of the authorities so as to assist the common man in prioritising their basic development needs, especially education.

scholarly journals Family Resource Management and COVID-19 in Nigeria: Challenges and Innovative Solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
China, Mercy A. H.
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Family Resource Management ◽  
Family Resource ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Impact

The outbreak of the coronavirus has had severe implications on the availability and management of family resources. The aim of this study was to establish the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the management of family resources in Nigeria and also provide new approaches and alternatives that can be used to cope with the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. The descriptive survey design was used for the research. The population consisted of all households in Nigeria. Simple random sampling technique was used to draw a sample size of 150 households from the study. Data were obtained using questionnaire that was developed using Google docs as the research instrument. The instrument was validated by three experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.61. The data were statistically analyzed using mean and standard deviation and findings presented on tables. One sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The participants from the study agreed that the Covid-19 outbreak has had an impact on family resource management causing reductions in the availability of family resources, quality of family life and size of family income. The result also showed that the impact of Covid-19 on family resource management is significantly (p<0.05) high. Therefore, to cope with the current changing times and the challenges posed by Covid-19, families should focus on acquiring skills such as digital and entrepreneurial skills, arranging their order of activities in order to meet family needs and reducing wastage of resources through proper management and recycling.

scholarly journals ROLE OF EDUCATION IN WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: A CASE OF RURAL PUNJAB, PAKISTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manan Aslam, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
The Impact

The study investigated the impact of major factors influencing the women education in district Faisalabad. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect the data. The Faisalabad district was selected for this purpose. The tehsils of Faisalabad district were Faisalabad, ChakJhumra, Jaranwala, Summandri and Tandianwala. The data was collected in three phases. In first phase tehsil Faisalabad was selected and in second phase the tehsil Faisalabad was categorized into three segments based on the income distribution, the first segment represented the low-income class of the society and the second category represents the middle-class areas and the later represents the higher income group families. While in the third phase, the two areas from each class were selected for data collection using random sampling technique. The 40 respondents were selected from each class i.e. lower income, middle income and higher income. The total sample size was consisted of 120 respondents. The comprehensive questionnaire carried the information including social and economic conditions of the household was designed data collection. The data was analyzed using statistical packages for social sciences SPSS. The study inferred that the women education was influenced by the rising poverty, family income and social barriers. Finally, the study recommended that government should take steps in reducing poverty by establishing departments that raises the employment rate for women so that peoples don’t neglect the major portion of social capital the females.   

Chocolate

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Dale Walters
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Cash Crop ◽  
Chocolate Industry ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Many

More than half of the world’s chocolate comes from two countries in West Africa where it is produced by smallholders working just a few acres of land, and who have likely never tasted chocolate. Cacao is a cash crop, accounting for a large percentage of family income in many countries. These incomes are low and represent a fraction of the price of a bar of chocolate. Cultivating cacao is a family affair and in some countries, cacao farmers are too poor to not have their children working on the farm. But child labour on cacao farms can include more than children of the family—children from neighbouring areas or countries leave their homes in search of paid employment. Taken to farms with the promise of getting paid for their work, they find themselves working for no money and with barely adequate food and shelter. Although the use of child labor on cacao farms in West Africa was discovered nearly twenty years ago, the problem persists. This chapter examines the many challenges facing the global chocolate industry, including grower poverty and child labor, and the efforts being made to tackle these problems.

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