اسْتثمارُ العربيَّةِ في تدوينِ العلومِ البَحتةِ (الجغرافيا، والطب، والفيزياء)

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
د. لؤي عمر محمد بدران
Keyword(s):  
Travel Literature ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Narrative Criticism ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Text Language ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

تسعى هذه الدراسةُ إلى تتبعِ أثرِ اللغةِ العربيةِ في تدوين ثلاثةِ علوم، وهي: (الجغرافيا، والطب، والفيزياء)، مُتبعةً في ذلك المنهج (الوصفي التحليلي) في عرض مادة الدراسة. وقد جَاءَ تفصيلُ القول في علم الجغرافيا على التوزيع الكمّي للظاهرة اللغويّة، وتبيان أثر المكان الجغرافيّ في التنوّع اللهجي الذي يبرزُ خيرَ ما يكونُ ويُطمَحُ إليه في الأطالس اللغويّة، وفي أدب الرحلات، ولا سيما أدب ابن بطوطة الذي كان تكَأة الباحث (تحفة النظّار). وفي الطبّ يتوقّفُ الباحثُ عند ما ألّفه العربُ في الطبّ، وأفادَ منه العلمُ الحديثُ، كما أفادَ منه الأوروبيّون، وتعريب تدريس الطبّ في الجامعات أسوة بالجامعات السورية، مع ذكر نماذج من كتب الطبّ التي أضحت عُمدة، نحو: (الطب النبوي لابن قيّم الجوزيّة، والحاوي لأبي بكر الرازي، والقانون في الطب لابن سينا). وأما علمُ الفيزياء فقد أفادَ الباحث من مصطلحات، نحو: (الفراغ، والزمن، والركود، والجريان، والمزامنة، والمسافة، وغيرها) في بنية اللغة النصيّة التي طغت في النسيج الروائي بعامّة، ولا سيّما عند الأدباء المغاربة، وفي النقد الروائي الذي اغتنى بهذه المصطلحات، مع التدليل بأمثلةٍ دالّةٍ من منجز الدكتور/ كمال أبو ديب في هذا الشأن. الكلمات المفتاحية: (تدوين، اللغة العربية، الجغرافيا، الطب، الفيزياء). Abstract: The current study aims at investigating the impact of Arabic language on documenting three sciences, namely geography, medicine and physics; in which the descriptive analytical approach was used to clarify this issue. Regarding geography, the researcher provided a detailed discussion of the quantitative distribution of the linguistic phenomenon and showed the effect of the geographical location on linguistic diversity that is highly proven and indicated in the linguistic atlases and travel literature, especially the literature of Ibn Battuta (Tuhfat al-nazar), which was the support and the pillar for the researcher. Regarding medicine, the researcher was satisfied with mentioning what the Arabs wrote about medicine, which has benefited the modern science and the Europeans as well. He also mentioned the Arabization of the medicine teaching in universities in a similar way to the Syrian universities, together with mentioning examples of the medicine books that became key pillars and references, such as (The Prophetic Medicine or Al-Tibb al-nabawī) by Ibn Qayyim al- -Jawziyyah, (Al-Hawi) by Abu Bakr al-Razi and (Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb) by Ibn Sina. Regarding physics, the researcher stated some terms in the structure of the text language, such as Space, Time, Stagnation, flow, synchronization, distance and others that dominated the novels in general, especially among the Moroccan writers and the narrative criticism that was enrich in these terms. The researcher demonstrated this through mentioning proves and relating examples to this issue from (Jdliah Alkhfa'a Waltjli) book authored by prof. Kamal Abu Deeb. Keywords: (Documenting, Arabic, Geography, Medicine, Physics).

scholarly journals The experience of Avicenna and possibility to improve the diabetes treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Mizhgona U Sharofova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This article provides an analysis of research on the impact of modern antidiabetic drugs on the patients and possible ways to improve the treatment of diabetes, based on the experience of Avicenna’s medicine. More and more doctors today practice complementary medicine, combining traditional techniques with non-traditional treatments, including herbal medicine. Studying of various side effects of hypoglycemic drugs showed that most of synthetic means cause numerous complications. Modern medicine is faced with the need to develop new approaches to diabetes treatment and medicines that help to achieve stable metabolic conditions and ensure the safety of medicines. A huge contribution to the study of diabetes has made Abu Ali ibn Sina, who cured the disease, based on the definition of “mizadzh” (nature) of human and drugs prescribed for its correction. There are many etiological factors contributing to insulin resistance and pre-diabetes and they often are interrelated. Based on the Avicenna’s theory of diabetogenezis, we subdivided prediabetes on prepankreatic and pancreatic stages. The onset of prediabetes Avicenna linked with impaired renal, liver and internal environment’s function of the body, which are based on acidosis, eventually contributing to the emergence of pre-diabetes and insulin resistance. Ibn Sina believed that the increased consumption of acidic foods causes a change of the “mizadzh” of the human body in a “cold” (sour, atsidic) diabetogenic side. Modern science has proved that the basis for the development of diabetes is a pH shift toward acidosis. Our studies have shown that the basis of Avicenna’s antidiabetic means comprise alkalizing agents of natural origin. On this basis, herbal medicine is an effective supplement to the officially accepted treatment methods based on the principles of evidence.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

The Problem of the Formation of Philosophical Prose in Persian

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Tatyana G. Korneeva
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Arab Muslim ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philosophical Texts

The article discusses the problem of the formation of philosophical prose in the Persian language. The first section presents a brief excursion into the history of philosophical prose in Persian and the stages of formation of modern Persian as a language of science and philosophy. In the Arab-Muslim philosophical tradition, representatives of various schools and trends contributed to the development of philosophical terminology in Farsi. The author dwells on the works of such philosophers as Ibn Sīnā, Nāṣir Khusraw, Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī, Aḥmad al-Ghazālī, ʼAbū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī and gives an overview of their works written in Persian. The second section poses the question whether the Persian language proved able to compete with the Arabic language in the field of science. The author examines the style of philosophical prose in Farsi, considering the causes of creation of Persian-language philosophical texts and defining their target audience. The article presents viewpoints of modern orientalist researchers as well as the views of medieval philosophers who wrote in Persian. We find that most philosophical texts in Persian were written for a public who had little or no knowledge of the Arabic language, yet wanted to get acquainted with current philosophical and religious doctrines, albeit in an abbreviated format. The conclusion summarizes and presents two positions regarding the necessity of writing philosophical prose in Persian. According to one point of view, Persian-language philosophical works helped people who did not speak Arabic to get acquainted with the concepts and views of contemporary philosophy. According to an alternative view, there was no special need to compose philosophical texts in Persian, because the corpus of Arabic philosophical terminology had already been formed, and these Arabic terms were widely and successfully used, while the new Persian philosophical vocabulary was difficult to understand.

Liepājai – veltījuma dzejas / dziesmu piemēri mūsdienās un 19. gadsimta baltvācu literārajā mantojumā

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Ivars Orehovs
Keyword(s):  
Travel Literature ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Native Place ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Town

In a literary heritage with a developed tradition of genres, works whose main purpose is to attract the attention of readers to a selected geographical location, are of particular culture-historical and culture-geographical interest. The most widespread in this respect is travel literature, which is usually written by travellers and consist of impressions portrayed in prose after visits to foreign lands. Another type of literary depiction with an expressed poetic orientation, but a similar goal, is characteristic of dedicatory poetry. The author’s position is usually saturated with emotional expressiveness as well as the artistry of symbols, encouraging the reader or listener to feel the formation of a spontaneous attitude. It is possible to gain confidence in the engagement of the author of the poetry as an individual in the depicted cultural-geographical environment, which can be conceptually expressed by words or pairs of words ‘resident’, ‘native place’, ‘patriot’. With regard to the devotional depictions on the Latvian urban environment, one of the earliest examples known in the history of literature is the dedicatory poem in German by Christian Bornmann to the town Jelgava with its ancient name (Mitau, 1686/1802). The name of Liepāja town in this tradition of the genre has become an embodiment later – in the poetry selection in German, also using the ancient name of the town (Libausche Dichtungen, 1853), but in terms of contemporary literary practice with Imants Kalniņš’ music, there is a convincing dominance of songs with words of poetry. The aim of the article is, looking at the poetry devoted to Liepāja in the 19th century and at the turn of the 20th/21st century in the comparative aspect, to present textually thematic peculiarities as well as to provide the analytical interpretative summary of those.

Assessment of the influence of the spatial environment on the socio-economic development of the municipality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
K. N. Yusupov ◽  
V. M. Timiryanova, ◽  
Iu. S. Toktamysheva ◽  
A. F. Zimin,
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Municipal District ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a methodology for assessing the impact of spatial environment on the socioeconomic development of municipalities. It relies on existing tools for assessing the state and potential of the geographical location of municipalities. An integrated approach allows to determine the potential of the interaction of the municipality with the neighbors of the first and second order. The methodology was tested on statistical data on the Blagovarsky municipal district.

scholarly journals Development of DAYSAM: An Educational Smart Phone Game for Preschoolers to Increase Awareness of Renewable Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Tamer Khatib ◽  
Haneen Alwaneh ◽  
Wajdi Mabroukeh ◽  
Yassmin Abu-Ghalion ◽  
Fatima Abu-Gadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Photovoltaic Array ◽  
Photovoltaic Arrays ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydropower Stations

This paper presents a smartphone application game that aims to increase the awareness of preschoolers on renewable energy. The age of the selected preschoolers is in the range of 4-6 years. The game is called DAYSAM, and it aims to increase awareness regarding photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, mini-hydropower stations, energy efficiency, and risks that polar bears are facing. The game provides two superior features compared to other available games in Arabic language, targeting the same age group. Preschoolers from An-Najah Child Institute are selected to play this game to investigate the impact of this game. The preschoolers’ awareness is tested before and after playing the game using coloring sheets in an unsupervised coloring process. The results show that the proposed game has increased preschooler’s awareness of renewable energy. Before playing the game, none of the preschoolers recognized images like the photovoltaic array or the wind turbine. After playing the game the preschoolers recognized these devices in different situations and shapes. This indicates that such a game can be used as a fun and educational tool in nurseries that have Arabic communication medium to increase awareness of renewable energy.

Assessing the impact of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on patients’ quality of life: An Arabic version of the Functional Living Index-Emesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522199844
Author(s):  
Abdullah M Alhammad ◽  
Nora Alkhudair ◽  
Rawan Alzaidi ◽  
Latifa S Almosabhi ◽  
Mohammad H Aljawadi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is a serious complication of cancer treatment that compromises patients’ quality of life and treatment adherence, which necessitates regular assessment. Therefore, there is a need to assess patient-reported nausea and vomiting using a validated scale among Arabic speaking cancer patient population. The objective of this study was to translate and validate the Functional Living Index-Emesis (FLIE) instrument in Arabic, a patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the influence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on patients’ quality of life. Methods Linguistic validation of an Arabic-language version was performed. The instrument was administered to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in a tertiary hospital's cancer center in Saudi Arabia. Results One-hundred cancer patients who received chemotherapy were enrolled. The participants’ mean age was 53.3 ± 14.9 years, and 50% were female. Half of the participants had a history of nausea and vomiting with previous chemotherapy. The Cronbach coefficient alpha for the FLIE was 0.9606 and 0.9736 for nausea and vomiting domains, respectively, which indicated an excellent reliability for the Arabic FLIE. The mean FLIE score was 110.9 ± 23.5, indicating no or minimal impact on daily life (NIDL). Conclusions The Arabic FLIE is a valid and reliable tool among the Arabic-speaking cancer population. Thus, the Arabic version of the FLIE will be a useful tool to assess the quality of life among Arabic speaking patients receiving chemotherapy. Additionally, the translated instrument will be a useful tool for future research studies to explore new antiemetic treatments among cancer patients.

scholarly journals The Psychosocial and Somatic Effects of Relocation from Remote Canadian First Nation Communities to Urban Centres on Indigenous Peoples with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3838
Author(s):  
Denise Genereux ◽  
Lida Fan ◽  
Keith Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
The Impact

Chronic kidney disease, also referred to as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is a prevalent and chronic condition for which treatment is necessary as a means of survival once affected individuals reach the fifth and final stage of the disease. Dialysis is a form of maintenance treatment that aids with kidney functioning once a normal kidney is damaged. There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Each form of treatment is discussed between the patient and nephrologist and is largely dependent upon the following factors: medical condition, ability to administer treatment, supports, geographical location, access to necessary equipment/supplies, personal wishes, etc. For Indigenous Peoples who reside on remote Canadian First Nation communities, relocation is often recommended due to geographical location and limited access to both health care professionals and necessary equipment/supplies (i.e., quality of water, access to electricity/plumbing, etc). Consequently, the objective of this paper is to determine the psychosocial and somatic effects for Indigenous Peoples with ESRD if they have to relocate from remote First Nation communities to an urban centre. A review of the literature suggests that relocation to urban centres has negative implications that are worth noting: cultural isolation, alienation from family and friends, somatic issues, psychosocial issues, loss of independence and role adjustment. As a result of relocation, it is evident that the impact is profound in terms of an individuals’ mental, emotional, physical and spiritual well-being. Ensuring that adequate social support and education are available to patients and families would aid in alleviating stressors associated with managing chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Do Long-Term Natural Disasters Influence Social Trust? Empirical Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7280
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Haoyang Li ◽  
Jianqing Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

The natural environment is one of the most critical factors that profoundly influences human races. Natural disasters may have enormous effects on individual psychological characteristics. Using China’s long-term historical natural disaster dataset from 1470 to 2000 and data from a household survey in 2012, we explore whether long-term natural disasters affect social trust. We find that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between long-term natural disaster frequency and social trust. We further examine the impact of long-term natural disaster frequency on social trust in specific groups of people. Social trust in neighbors and doctors is stronger where long-term natural disasters are more frequent. Our results are robust after we considering the geographical difference. The effect of long-term natural disasters remains positively significant after we divide the samples based on geographical location. Interestingly, the impact of long-term flood frequency is only significant in the South and the impact of long-term drought frequency is only significant in the North.

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