scholarly journals PLANNING GREEN SPACES FOR PALESTINIAN CITIES IN THE ABSENCE OF A SHAPELINESS IMAGE FOR THE CITY’S LANDSCAPE(TULKARM CITY AS A MODEL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 125-140
Author(s):  
Naser A.M.MOFLEH
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Structural Plan ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Activity

Green spaces consider an important need in balancing urban activity on the one hand and the residential, health, and shapeliness environment of the city on the other hand, which requires planning studied vision to persevere the balance between population growth, urbanization, and green spaces in the city. This study aims to identify the reality of planning in Palestinian cities (Tulkarm as a model ) and the extent to which green spaces are affected by Israeli measures and their ability to sufficient the requirements of the population, in addition to, give an aesthetic image to the city’s landscape. This was done by conducting field surveys and interviews with the relevant authorities in institutions Planning, implementation, and use of Geomolg systems for geospatial information in Palestine. The study reached the main conclusion that there is an increase in urban growth in the structural plan of the city, and a lack of green spaces as a result of, the inability to expand the structural plan, which was planned in the year (2006 AD) due to the Israeli measures, which led to a distortion of the aesthetic image of the city, and a decrease in the individual's possession of Green areas, which amounted to ( 0.4m²) of the area of the structural plan amounting to (13790.351) acres (dunums)also the study reached several recommendations to contribute to solving this problem.

Search for new approaches to compensative gardening in the territory of the city of Barnaul

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Koroleva ◽  
Irina Konstantinovna Mishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

In real urban environments, only large green areas have a significant impact on the microclimate of the territory. That is why we should strive to expand the area of green spaces in cities through compensatory gardening, and create new regulatory documents. Landscaping has a significant impact on the possibility of full-fledged recreation of city residents, form the aesthetic image of the city, improve its architectural and artistic appearance. That is why compensatory landscaping is a topical issue in every country and one of the priority tasks among authorities at all levels. The establishment of mechanisms for the solution of environmental problems will allow to create comfortable living conditions for the population. In the article, the authors conduct a comparative analysis of the state of natural complexes in some cities of the Russian Federation with different climatic conditions and their compliance with the standards of gardening, the urban environment quality index. Based on the analysis, the reasons for the achieved indicators in the field of improvement are established and measures are proposed to improve them in order to achieve an optimal level of comfort for the population. Special attention is paid to the need to improve the regulatory framework of cities in order to create a unified concept of gardening and increase the area of landscaped spaces, shortcomings in legal acts on compensatory gardening are identified. As a result, the authors formulated proposals to change the existing gardening system and created an optimal legal act regulating gardening issues. The application of this act will solve environmental issues not only in individual cities, but also in the country as a whole.

scholarly journals Remaking Nigeria’s Urbanism: Assessing and Redressing the Dearth of Open Spaces in Benin City

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndubisi Onwuanyi ◽  
Chukwunoyelim Ndinwa
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Benin City ◽  
City Space ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

Unplanned land use in most Nigerian cities has meant that all urban land needs are not adequately provided for within their landscapes. Open spaces are either conspicuously missing or inadequate. There is a tendency for existing open spaces to be lost to urban development pressure and a disregard for zoning. This paper identifies available and accessible open spaces in Benin City and assesses their adequacy using as a guide standards established in two selected international jurisdictions, discusses the potential benefits of open space to the city on the one hand and its residents on the other given the incipient impacts of global warming and climate change, and the prospects of mitigation by greening the city even in its already built-up state. Data is sourced from journals, reports, archival records and inspections of the urban environment. The findings confirm a great dearth of open spaces as well as deteriorating urban environmental conditions which have implications for health, well-being and urban sustainability. The recommendations are that future expansions of the city space incorporate adequate provisions for open spaces, whilst within the existing built-up city, solutions be sought in the creation of greenways, green paths, private green spaces, promoting street trees and the conversion of brownfield sites to green areas.

scholarly journals As paisagens coexistenciais interespecíficas, ou sobre humanos e não-humanos compartilhando espaços domésticos numa cidade amazônica

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Leonel Abreu da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Green Area ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

O artigo propõe uma discussão teórica acerca das paisagens coexistenciais interespecíficas na urbe, voltando-se especialmente à morada humana. Esta é percebida como o lugar da convivência entre humanos e não-humanos – também se considera o seu entorno, onde aparecem os quintais/pomares e os espaços verdes habitados pela fauna silvestre urbana. A coexistência interespecífica contribui para a diversidade na conformação das paisagens citadinas, sendo que as ambiências domésticas – a localidade do espaço habitado/lócus da experiência íntima – permitem a humanos e não-humanos o compartilhamento de uma vida juntos a partir de diferentes formas de interações simbólico-práticas. As áreas verdes revelam-se lugares de interações interespecíficas diversas na urbe, figurando enquanto espaços de contato. Para as reflexões que proponho realizar, parto de minha experiência de coabitação com gatos domésticos e de meu ofício de etnógrafo que pesquisa as relações entre humanos e não-humanos em uma área verde na cidade de Belém (PA) na Amazônia.Palavras-chave: Paisagens. Cidade. Habitat. Animais. Áreas verdes. Interespécies.The Coexistent and Interspecific Landscapes or About Humans and Nonhumans Sharing Domestics Places in an Amazonian City  AbstractThe paper proposes a theoretical discussion about the coexistent and interspecific landscapes at the urbis, regarding, specially, the human shelter. This is perceived as a place of coexistence between humans and nonhumans – its surroundings where there are yards/orchards and green spaces inhabited by urban wildlife is also considered. The interspecific coexistence contributes to the diversity in shaping cityscapes and the domestic ambiences - the location of the living space/locus of intimate experience - allow human and nonhuman sharing a life together, founded on different forms of symbolic and practical interactions. The green areas turn up in places of diverse and interspecific interactions at the urbis, constituting spaces of contact. Aiming at these reflections, I consider my own coexistence experience with domestic cats and my work as an ethnographer who studies the relationships between human and nonhumans in a green area in the city of Belém (PA) in Amazon.Key words: Landscapes. City. Habitat. Animals. Green areas. Interspecies.

EVOLUTION AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GREEN PUBLIC SPACES IN KRASNOYARSK

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Olga N. Bliankinshyein ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Popkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Role

One of the criteria for a comfortable ecologically clean urban environment is access to green spaces, their number and quality in any given city. Public green spaces play an important socio-cultural role in the context of active and passive recreation of citizens, various types of recreational activities. The relevance of this study is due to increased attention to the formation of open public spaces in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The purpose of this work is to trace the evolution and identify the social and cultural significance of the green public spaces in Krasnoyarsk. The objectives of the research are to study the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk in a historical retrospective, analyze the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk from the point of view of their ecological significance, recreational use. Research methods included literature review on the topic, analysis of historical data, field survey of the territory, long-term observation, photographic recording, comparative retrospective analysis, and graphic-analytical method. The study captures the most common types of public green spaces and their role in creating a comfortable urban environment. It traces in the most detail the evolution and cultural significance of the most important historical green spaces in Krasnoyarsk: the City Garden (now the Central Park), Yudinsky Garden, Krutovsky Garden. These examples show that gardens and parks can be formed both on the basis of the natural environment of urban forests, and artificially created by the efforts of citizens, that over time they can undergo various quantitative and qualitative, planning and functional transformations. Despite the transformations that have taken place, all the studied historical objects still exist and are used for their intended purpose. In addition to these historical green areas, we examine the newly organized public green spaces with a cultural and recreational component over the past decades: Tatyshev Park, All-season Fun-Park Bobrovy Log, Flora and Fauna Park Roev Ruchey, Dream Gardens and others. The article notes the importance of municipal, public and private initiatives in the organization of local green areas. The analysis allows us to assert that there is a certain system of public green spaces in Krasnoyarsk. It has disadvantages, such as an uneven distribution of green areas throughout the city, lack of interconnections between individual elements, aging of certain areas of greenery, and the complete destruction of some. Nevertheless, the city authorities, architects, designers and the general public make great effort to create a green framework for Krasnoyarsk destined to have an important recreational and cultural role.

scholarly journals MILANO CHE SI COSTRUISCE: I PIANI REGOLATORI

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Rossari
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Partial Plans

The paper examines the urban development of Milan from 1859 to 1912. In the years between 1859 and 1884 the city developed in the wake of the first industrialization without a master plan and only partial plans were prepared for areas where building activities were already taking place. Planning therefore followed private initiative and even the 1876 plan by engineer Angelo Fasana was no more than a tool, without legal value, to guide and coordinate the involvement of the municipal administration. This led the Milan ruling classes to encourage the decentralization of large industries in order to avoid the onset of speculation and the resulting feared negative effects on housing areas. Following the scandal raised by the parcelling of the Lazzaretto, which began in 1880, and by the one proposed for the Piazza d’Armi, in 1883 engineer Cesare Beruto was given the task of studying an overall master plan. The gestation of the plan, long and often faced by opposition, ended with its adoption in 1889 following three earlier drafts (1884, 1885, 1888). The present paper illustrates the conceptual lines and the most important issues of the plan: the size of the blocks, the definition of the green areas and the design of the Piazza d’Armi, and outlines the results of its application over two decades at the turn of the nineteenth century. Finally, the paper discusses - taking also into account subsequent plans, such as the one of 1912 by Pavia and Masera and the one of 1934 by Albertini - the long persistence of the “radial” growth model, outlined by Beruto, and the crucial impact it has had on the image of Milan.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of vegetation cover in Erbil city districts using high-resolution Pléiades satellite image

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwan O. Hussein ◽  
Ferenc Kovács ◽  
Zalán Tobak ◽  
Haidi J. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

Green spaces are playing an essential role for ecological balance and for human health in the city as well.They play a fundamental role in providing opportunities for relaxation and enjoying the beauty of naturefor the urban population. Therefore, it is important to produce detailed vegetation maps to assist plannersin designing strategies for the optimisation of urban ecosystem services and to provide a suitable planfor climate change adaptation in one fast growing city. Hence, this research is an investigation using 0.5m high-resolution multispectral Pléiades data integrated with GIS data and techniques to detect andevaluate the spatial distribution of vegetation cover in Erbil City. A supervised classification was usedto classify different land cover types, and a normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) was usedto retrieve it for the city districts. Moreover, to evaluate the accessibility of green space based on theirdistance and size, a buffer zone criterion was used. The results indicate that the built-up land coverageis 69% and vegetation land cover is 14%. Regarding NDVI results, the spatial distribution of vegetationcover was various and, in general, the lowest NDVI values were found in the districts located in the citycentre. On the other hand, the spatial distribution of vegetation land cover regarding the city districts wasnon-equal and non-concentric. The newly built districts and the districts far from the Central BusinessDistrict (CBD) recorded the lowest vegetation cover compared with the older constructed districts.Furthermore, most of the districts have a lack of access to green spaces based on their distance and size.Distance and accessibility of green areas throughout the city are not equally distributed. The majority ofthe city districts have access to green areas within radius buffer of two kilometres, whereas the lowestaccessibility observed for those districts located in the northeast of the city in particular (Xanzad,Brayate, Setaqan and Raperin). Our study is one of the first investigations of decision-making supportof the spatial planning in a fast-growing city in Iraq and will have a utilitarian impact on developmentprocesses and local and regional planning for Erbil City in the future.

scholarly journals Ecological State Assessment of Urban Green Spaces Based on Remote Sensing Data. The Case of Aktobe City, Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Aigul SERGEYEVA ◽  
Altynbek KHAMIT ◽  
Asima КOSHIM ◽  
Murat MAKHAMBETOV
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
State Assessment ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

The rapid pace of urban development triggers complex problems mostly related to urban environment pollution, and shortcomings of city’s improvement. The modern city is characterized by the highest man-made pressure on the natural environment, the main problems being overcrowding, lack of open-access green areas, as well as the decrease of vegetation areas, fact that does not create comfortable living conditions for urban residents. At present, remote sensing methods are some of the priority tools used in vegetation state assessment, particularly, the calculation of vegetation index (NDVI). But often, obtaining the necessary information is limited only to the analysis of satellite data, without geobotanical field surveys, which considerably increase the reliability of the detected results. In addition, the definition of dependencies when using an integrated approach of different man-affected surfaces with a different type of overgrowth within the city remains insufficiently studied. The purpose of this study is to assess the ecological condition of the green area (parks and squares) in Aktobe city. A comprehensive processing of satellite images including the calculation of NDVI index, mapping of green areas and data statistical analysis, was carried out. We learned that the average value of NDVI for green spaces in Aktobe ranges from 0,11 µm to 0,47 µm, which allows for the categorization of planted areas by levels of photosynthetic activity, from “unsatisfactory” to “good”, yet, with 59% of them in an unsatisfactory condition. This means that the city is underdeveloped in terms of modern landscape and infrastructure. The obtained results make it possible to assess the current situation, determine the dynamics of urban green spaces and optimize spatial planning measures for green space management.

scholarly journals Exploring Feasibility of Incorporating Vertical Gardens in Indian Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9336-9341
Keyword(s):  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Air Quality Improvement ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

Urbanization which is one of the major problems in this century, has resulted in many environmental problems such as increased number of concrete buildings thereby reducing the requirement of open spaces in and around. Even though urbanization has reduced the green areas of the city, it has provided a platform for the development of the vertical gardening. The vertical gardens are gardens that covers building facades walls using various plant species. The vertical gardens not only increase urban green areas but also have some functions such as sound and heat isolation, energy productivity, air quality improvement, heat island reduction, aesthetics, and positive contribution to human psychology. However, factors such as constant maintenance difficulties, high cost, lack of knowledge and consciousness in vertical gardens are preparing for the aesthetic purposes and preventing the spread of applications. The research aims at exploring various factors that affect the implementation of vertical gardens according to Indian conditions in warm and humid climate for a low rise building and also analyses about the different systems and typology of vertical gardens. The intent of the paper is to determine different strategies that could be adopted to implement vertical landscaping in Indian context exploring its feasibility of implementation.

scholarly journals The Role of Open Land Spaces in Solving the Problem of Lack of Green Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-88
Author(s):  
Yahya Mohammed Al-Bishari ◽  
Mohammed Sallam Almadhaji
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Open Land ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The City ◽  
Environmental Level ◽  
Green Land

Sana'a city suffers from a sever lack of green land spaces since per capita green land spaces is 0.176 m2, it is estimated at less than 1% of the different land uses in the city. The percentage and green land spaces continue to decline due to the continued increasing of population and expansion of the urban blocks of the city. This study aims at solving the problem of lack of green land spaces and upgrading the environmental level of the city of Sana'a  by suggesting a vision to increase the percentage of green land spaces as well as per capita in the city. That can be achieved by using the recent wide open land spaces which are available and not used in the city. To achieve this aim, the methodology adopted was analytical, descriptive, and comparative of green lands and their types in cities. It also compared  the planning standards with advanced cities and the recent situation of Sana'a city by analytical, descriptive, and comparative studies for open lands and green spaces. The study resulted in some suggestions for solving the problem of lack of green land spaces and increasing the per capita in   Sana`a city and thus reached conclusions  and recommendations. Keywords: green land spaces, per capita, Sana'a city.

scholarly journals La Mortalite Infanto-Juvenile A Bouafle : Contribution A L’analyse Des Conditions De Vie Dans Une Ville Ivoirienne

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Kadet G. Bertin ◽  
Adjelou Kessou ◽  
Anoh Kouassi Paul
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Harmful Effects

The dynamics of Bouaflé, an urban locality in the center-west of Côte d'Ivoire, faces a double challenge. On the one hand, the plight related to the mortality of the under-five stands out as a threat to their future. On the other hand, owing to lack of drinking water in the city as well as harmful effects of polluting activities on the local environment, environmental pathologies affect the urban space. From available documents on this city supplemented by field surveys, this study showcases an inventory of the determining factors of infant and child mortality in Bouaflé and highlights the limitations of local governance in the quest for a sustainable development for the capital city of the Marahoué.

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