scholarly journals MILANO CHE SI COSTRUISCE: I PIANI REGOLATORI

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Rossari
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Partial Plans

The paper examines the urban development of Milan from 1859 to 1912. In the years between 1859 and 1884 the city developed in the wake of the first industrialization without a master plan and only partial plans were prepared for areas where building activities were already taking place. Planning therefore followed private initiative and even the 1876 plan by engineer Angelo Fasana was no more than a tool, without legal value, to guide and coordinate the involvement of the municipal administration. This led the Milan ruling classes to encourage the decentralization of large industries in order to avoid the onset of speculation and the resulting feared negative effects on housing areas. Following the scandal raised by the parcelling of the Lazzaretto, which began in 1880, and by the one proposed for the Piazza d’Armi, in 1883 engineer Cesare Beruto was given the task of studying an overall master plan. The gestation of the plan, long and often faced by opposition, ended with its adoption in 1889 following three earlier drafts (1884, 1885, 1888). The present paper illustrates the conceptual lines and the most important issues of the plan: the size of the blocks, the definition of the green areas and the design of the Piazza d’Armi, and outlines the results of its application over two decades at the turn of the nineteenth century. Finally, the paper discusses - taking also into account subsequent plans, such as the one of 1912 by Pavia and Masera and the one of 1934 by Albertini - the long persistence of the “radial” growth model, outlined by Beruto, and the crucial impact it has had on the image of Milan.

scholarly journals The impact of the means of communication on family relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Twana Faraidun Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Day By Day

This research tries to access to a range of outcomes, and to answer the fundamental question, a search (What is the impact of the means of communication on family relationships?).Try researcher through the form of a questionnaire to collect information in the field of the research community and in order to achieve his goal, And it relied on the questionnaire form for being an important means used extensively in sociology studies, The center of the city of Sulaymaniyah spatial boundaries of the search, where it is taken (200) and a sample search unit and distributed to three different areas (rich, middle and poor) by taking a stratified random sample, The fact that the population of the city of Sulaymaniyah different in terms of economic and cultural level, it's easy to take the mixed researcher and different sample representing the research community in terms of level, category, and class. They were assembled for the purpose of research and study.      It must be pointed out that this research is particularly important at the present time because the means of communication have spread widely in the Kurdish community and become accessible to everyone on the one hand, on the other hand, the number of users of these methods is increasing day by day, This is in addition to the increased demand for them constantly, making conduct such research in this importance area to see its impact on family relationships, and knowledge of its money from the effects (negative and positive) It is known that this means a double-edged her weapon of negative and positive effects at the same time, It must be the effort to reduce the negative effects of these tools and become members of the community in the service, and most importantly of all, do educate individuals on how to deal with these tools properly. It also offers search a set of proposals and recommendations to the concerned authorities to work out and strengthen the community in front of the challenges of the era of globalization of communications and response, where he became the Kurdish community a society open to the outside world through these means, which resulted in a change of values and social norms and behaviors that were adhered to by members of the community.

scholarly journals Microclimate Evaluation of the Hradec Králové City using HUMIDEX

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Rožnovský ◽  
Tomáš Litschmann ◽  
Hana Středová ◽  
Tomáš Středa ◽  
Petr Salaš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High

Abstract Urban environment differs from the surrounding landscape in terms of the values of meteorological parameters. This is often referred to as the urban heat island (UHI), which in simple terms means higher air temperatures in cities. The cause of these changes lies in the different active surfaces in cities, which subsequently results in a different radiation balance. The higher temperatures, however, also affect the living conditions in the city and during very high temperature periods can have negative effects on the health of the city inhabitants. The results presented in this paper are based on measurements taken over several years at locations near Hradec Králové, which is surrounded by different surface areas. Environment analysis was performed using the Humidex index. The obtained results show that replacing green areas with built-up areas affects temperatures in the city, when air temperatures are very high they significantly increase the discomfort of the inhabitants. Differences in the frequency of discomfort levels are observed especially during periods of high temperatures, at lower temperatures these differences are not significant. Higher frequencies of discomfort are observed at locations with artificial surfaces (asphalt, cobblestones, concrete) and in closed spaces. In contrast, locations with lots of green areas almost always have the value of this index lower or more balanced. The results should therefore be a valid argument for maintaining and extending green areas in cities.

scholarly journals Methodological principles of planning reorganization of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny during the development of the Master Plan-2022

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Alexander Dembich ◽  
Yulia Zakirova ◽  
Nataliia Orlova ◽  
Tansylu Khakimova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

The purpose of the study is the definition of scientifically based principles of planning reorganization of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny. The main results of the study are the development of a program of urban development of the city territory on the basis of the identified problems and limitations, the definition of key tasks in the spatial and territorial development of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny. Significance of the results for architecture and urban planning consists in the fact that the methodological principles of the planning reorganization of the city as the basis for the development of the strategic master plan of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny are revealed.

scholarly journals Konflik tussen groepe: Die verhouding Verkeersbeampte en Motoris

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Bosshof ◽  
M. De V Visser
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Typical Sequence ◽  
Residual Elements ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

An operational definition of the concept of conflict is given and the implications of the definition discussed. The course of a conflict and the processes involved are described. An effort is made to show that the typical sequence of events in a conflict can be used to explain the (postulated) bad relationship between the motorist on the one hand and the traffic officer on the other hand. The negative effects of residual elements of unsatisfactorily resolved conflict situations between the two groups are emphasized. It is suggested that industrial psychologists have a role to play in the long-term solution of the negative relationship. Opsomming 'n Operasionele definisie van die begrip konflik word gegee en die implikasies daarvan bespreek. Die verloop van 'n konflik en die prosesse betrokke, word beskrywe. 'n Poging word aangewend om aan te toon dat die tipiese verloop van 'n konflik gebruik kan word om die (gepostuleerde) swak verhouding tussen motoriste aan die een kant en die verkeersbeamptes aan die ander kant te verklaar. Die negatiewe uitwerking van residuele effekte van onbevredigend opgeloste konfliksituasies tussen die twee groepe persone word beklemtoon. Daar word aan die hand gedoen dat bedryfsielkundiges 'n rol speel in die langtermynoplossing van die negatiewe verhouding.

scholarly journals Cidade de porte médio de importância histórica: particularidades de Bragança no Nordeste do Pará / Medium size - city of historical importance: particularities of Bragança, Northeast of Pará

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (52) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Willame De Oliveira Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Medium Size ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Regional Condition

<p>A cidade de Bragança desempenha importantes papeis no âmbito da rede urbana do Nordeste Paraense, entretanto, a definição de sua condição regional não constitui tarefa simples. Nesse contexto, a questão central deste artigo está assim delimitada: qual a importância da cidade de Bragança na rede urbana do Nordeste Paraense e como se delineiam as particularidades de sua inserção regional? Mediante levantamentos documentais e trabalhos de campo e se utilizando da noção de cidade média como estratégia para refletir sobre os papeis regionais de Bragança, se constatou que a cidade apresenta significativa importância na oferta de comércio e serviços para uma área razoavelmente ampla, mas apresenta diminuição de sua importância regional em relação a outros períodos de sua história, além de contar na atualidade com a concorrência das cidades de Castanhal e Capanema na oferta de serviços no Nordeste Paraense. Diante disso, a expressão ‘cidade de porte médio de importância histórica’ é aquela que melhor traduz as particularidades de seus papeis regionais.</p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> cidade média, rede urbana, centralidade, região, Nordeste do Pará.</p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>The city of Bragança plays important roles in the urban network of the Northeast of Paraense, however, the definition of its regional condition is not a simple task. In this context, the central question of this article is thus delimited: what is the importance of the city of Bragança in the urban network of the Northeast of Paraense and how do they delineate the particularities of its regional insertion? Through documentary surveys, fieldwork, and using the notion of the average city as a strategy to reflect on the regional roles of Bragança, it was found that the city presents significant importance in the supply of commerce and services to a reasonably wide area. However, it has a decrease in its regional importance in relation to other periods of its history, besides counting in the present time with the competition of the cities of Castanhal and Capanema in the offer of services in the Northeast of Pará. Therefore, the term 'medium sized city of historical importance' is the one that best reflects the particularities of its regional roles.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: medium-size city, urban network, centrality, region, Northeast of Pará.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Green Infrastructure for Conservation Planning using Cadastral Data in Seoul, South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Gon Park
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Space Network ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
The City ◽  
Structural Classes ◽  
Conservation And Management

Green infrastructure has been used for environmental conservation and management with many similar concepts such as green-space network, green-link network, and green-ways network based on the objectives of the cities for greening. Seoul established the 2030 Seoul City Master Plan that contains green-link network projects to connect critical green areas within the city. However, the plan does not have detailed analysis for the green infrastructure to incorporate land-cover information to many structural classes. This study maps green infrastructure networks of Seoul for complementing their green plans with identifying and ranking green areas. Hubs and links that are the main elements of green infrastructure have been identified through incorporating cadastral data of 967,502 parcels to 135 of land use maps using Geographic Information System. The study extracted 1,365 of green areas that represent an area of 24,530 ha within the city and buffered these areas to identify districts as critical green areas that have hubs and links. At a city scale, the study used 103,553 of parcel data for ranking extracted 20 districts, and 17,860 of parcel data for ranking extracted 42 links connecting the districts. At a district scale, this study used 87,826 of parcel data for analyzing the status of potential links within the districts and ranking these districts for green infrastructure. This assessment analyzes the main elements of green infrastructure and suggests site prioritization for green infrastructure under variable scenarios of green and developed areas in a metropolitan city.

scholarly journals Building in the city. From archaeological markers to the historical reconstruction of the worksite. Some examples from medieval Rome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

The present paper considers the topic of building cities. This is certainly a well-studied topic, but also a complex one because different factors are involved with regard to the economic, social and political context, often characterized by the appearance of new main characters. This complexity can be analyzed in many manners, including the one of the archaeology of production and building activities. Starting from the considerable amount of data in the database created between 2013 and 2014 for the project “archeologia della produzione a Roma” (Archaeology of production activities in Rome), the topic will be discussed from a point of view considered particularly interesting: the study of archaeological markers in building materials, and therefore, the study of all those production processes involved in construction activities. The research will demonstrate how the analysis of physical markers of building activities can record important tracks on different aspects of building, aspects of extreme interest for understanding the city.

scholarly journals Questioning the Policy Framing of Roma in Ghent, Belgium: Some Implications of Taking an Insider Perspective Seriously

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Hemelsoet ◽  
Pauwel Van Pelt
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Policy Framing ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Identification Processes ◽  
The City

The recent flow of Roma immigrants to Western Europe has caused a lot of societal and political discussion. Initiatives and policy measures are introduced at the European and national or local level in order to deal with this situation. This article explores to what extent experiences and self-perceptions of Roma immigrants in Western Europe correspond with the constructed discourse in terms of “Roma inclusion”. In policy practices, there seems to be a tension between a willingness to strengthen the particular identity of Roma on the one hand (“targeting”), and a desire to fit those people into mainstream society on the other hand (“mainstreaming”). Based on a case study in the city of Ghent (Belgium) with a small sample of in-depth interviews, the authors explore what an insider perspective may add to the construction of policy. Conclusions relate to the experienced gap with mainstream society, the identification with and definition of the “Roma” concept as well as intergenerational differences. Finally, the argument is taken a step further, and it is wondered how an insider perspective may also question policy. By relating policy conceptualisations of Roma to (self) identification processes, suggestions are made to redefine the meaning of inclusion.

scholarly journals Las rectorías parroquiales en la ciudad de Córdoba durante el Antiguo Régimen: acercamiento a la cuestión

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-286
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodríguez-Trenas
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Pastoral Work ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Lower Stratum ◽  
Definite Form ◽  
Real Effort ◽  
Small Nucleus ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

ResumenSi poco estudiado ha sido el estrato más bajo del clero en la ciudad de Córdoba, el pequeño núcleo que formaban los rectores parroquiales aún menos. Estas rectorías, de importancia supina para la labor pastoral y la administración de sacramentos, parecen no tener una forma definida durante la época moderna en Córdoba. La cuestión de su definición es el objeto de este artículo, para lo que se han consultado las constituciones sinodales de la diócesis, así como diversa información de archivo. Su carácter beneficial o no, así como la concesión de la cura animarum centran el debate. La adaptación al modelo tridentino de rectoría parroquial exigió un verdadero esfuerzo para la administración diocesana, que debió lidiar con las reticencias y alegaciones de una empoderada Universidad de Beneficiados que se había aprovechado de la indefinición de este cargo en la ciudad de Córdoba. Por ello, se destaca un punto de inflexión en esta situación en 1648, cuando el obispo Pimentel, animado desde Roma, plantea un modelo de patronato para estas rectorías que permitan la manutención de sus titulares sin el perjuicio de modificar cualquier reparto del diezmo parroquial, que hubiera supuesto una mayor oposición a la que ya hubo durante un siglo después.AbstractIf little studied has been the lower stratum of the clergy in the city of Córdoba, the small nucleus that made up the parish rectors even less. These rectories, of supine importance for pastoral work and the administration of the sacraments, seem to have no definite form during modern times in Córdoba. The question of its definition is the object of this article, for which the synodical constitutions of the diocese has been consulted, as well as various archival information. Its beneficial nature or not, as well as the granting of the cura animarum center the debate. The adaptation to the Tridentine model of parish rectory required a real effort from the diocesan administration, which had to deal with the reluctance and allegations of an empowered Universidad de Beneficiados, that had taken advantage of the lack of definition of this position in the city of Córdoba. For this reason, a turning point in this situation stands out in 1648, when the bishop fray Domingo Pimentel, encouraged from Rome, proposed a model of patronage for these rectories that would allow the maintenance of their holders without the detriment of modifying any distribution of the parish tithe, that it would have supposed a greater opposition to the one that already existed during a century later.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY PARK IN SKOPJE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminka Rizovska Atanasovska ◽  
Iskra Apostolovska ◽  
Nikolčo Velkovski ◽  
Vlatko Andonovski ◽  
Divna Penčić
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Current State ◽  
Green Area ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The One ◽  
Intensive Work ◽  
The City ◽  
City Park ◽  
Made In

The City Park in Skopje was established in the early 20th century. There are not many historical dataabout its establishment. Only modest documentation could be found, for the period between the twoworld wars.At the beginning of the 20th century in Skopje a couple of avenues and green areas have been built. Thebigger green area was the one on the location where today’s City Park is built. It was called “Islahane”,after the craft school around which it was established. Its establishment is connected with Hafiz MehmedPasha and the period of Ottomans domination in Macedonia. Built in 1905, it spread out over 16 000m2 and was organized in a classical, geometric style, with trees, shrubs, floral elements and pathways.It was founded on where today’s City Park is located.Through the years it has changed until it got today’s dimensions and borders. The biggest change inits structure was made in the ‘70s of the 20th century when the basic main project for the City Parkwas made. In the last ten years intensive work on its reconstruction has been done, so there is morerelevant data for the Park for this recent period of time.Besides its establishment, this paper presents the current state of the Park, its main characteristics andfunctions. It gives a review of the vegetation and other park elements, as well the state of its overallarea and the changes that have occurred to date.

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