scholarly journals Integration of physical approach and chemical approach for the control of banana rhizome rot in first and ratoon crop of banana cv. KovvurBontha (ABB)

2021 ◽  
pp. 298-308
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Major Producer ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Rhizome Rot

India is the major producer of the banana crop in the world. Banana is divided into two types. First one is desert type and the second one is the cooking type of banana. Cooking banana is the stapple food in many parts of the India especially in Kerala. Major problem in cooking variety is that these varieties are highly susceptible to rhizome rot disease. To control this integration of physical method (collection and destruction) and chemical method (application of fungicide and bactericide) was used at an interval of 7 days and 14 days. The results showed that combination of physical method and application of MetalaxylMz (4 mgL-1) + streptomycin (1.5 mg/10L) at 7 days interval had resulted in survival percentage (96.03%), average number of the fingers/hand (12.67), average number of the hands/bunch (9.27), average weight of the bunch (29.67 kg) and yield per hectare (61.58 t/ha) in first crop. on the other hand, ratoon crop had recorded maximum survival percentage (99.83%), maximum average number of the fingers/hand (13.00), maximum average number of the hands/bunch (8.53), maximum average weight of the bunch (28.41kg) and maximum yield per hectare (59.45t/ha). This experiment concluded that rhizome rot can be completely control by the integrated physical and chemical method of disease management.

scholarly journals Efficient Degradation of High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid by a Combination of Ultrasound, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Copper Ion

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyue Chen ◽  
Jing Qin ◽  
Yi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Cd Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Hyaluronic acid (HA) was depolymerized by a combination of ultrasound, hydrogen peroxide and copper ion. The structures of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) and low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) were determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. The degradations of HMW-HA using a physical method, a chemical method, and a combination of physical and chemical method were compared. The results show that HA can be effectively degraded by a combinatorial method involving ultrasound, hydrogen peroxide, and copper ion. Under the degradation conditions of 50 mM H2O2, 5.0 μM CuCl2, 160 W, pH 4.0, and reaction at 50 °C for 30 min, the content of glucuronic acid was 36.56%, and the yield of LMW-HA was 81.71%. The FTIR, CD, and UV-VIS absorption spectra of HA did not change with the decrease in molecular weight, indicating that the structure of HA remained intact during the degradation.

Photoluminescence Properties Research on Graphene Quantum Dots/Silver Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3480-3488
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Bo-Ping Zhang ◽  
Dan-Dan Xie ◽  
Juan Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Silver Composites ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) possess unique properties of graphene and exhibit a series of new phenomena of 0 dimension (D) carbon materials. Thus, GQDs have attracted much attention from researchers and have shown great promise for many applications. Recently, many works focus on GQDs-metal ions and metal nanoparticles (NPs). Although, many researches point out that metal ions and metal NPs have significant effect on photoluminescence (PL) feature of GQDs, mainly focus on PL intensity. Here, for the first time, we reported that metal NPs also affected PL peak position which was dependent on the mix mechanism of metal and GQDs. When GQDs-silver (Ag) composite mixed by physical method and excited at a wavelength of 320 nm, PL peak position of composites first showed blue-shifted then red-shifted with increasing of Ag content. However, if GQDs-Ag composite prepared by chemical method, PL peak position of the composites blue-shifted. Furthermore, the shift of PL peak position of GQDs-Ag prepared both for physical and chemical method displayed excitation-dependent feature. When the excitation wavelength approached to Ag SPR peaks, no obvious PL shift was observed. The mechanism for different PL shifts and the phenomenon of excitation-dependent PL shift as well as the formation mechanism of GQDs-Ag composite by chemical method are discussed in detail in this paper.

Comparison of Pretreatments for Lignocellulosic Biomass

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Dong Yang ◽  
Shi Jun Wei ◽  
Qing Mei Wen ◽  
Xiao Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Biomass To Ethanol ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Ethanol is a kind of basic biomass liquid energy , the conversion of biomass to ethanol has been studied extensively. The process of biomass pretreatment can change its physical and chemical properties, and these changes affect the chemical conversion of biomass products in quality and yield of late. This paper reviews the physical method, chemical method, biological method, three kinds of pretreatment technique, the related principle and development prospects are introduced.

Manufacture of the Glass Nanopore Based on Laser Heating and Experimental Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
Ya Fei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Yuan Yao ◽  
Bi Cheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Heating ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Linear Ultrasonic Motor ◽  
Capillary Tension ◽  
Through Hole

The glass nanopore produced by the physical method has better physical characteristics, higher strength, stronger stability, longer life and other significant features compared with the chemical method. The purpose of this paper is to study DNA sequencing (973 project) to provide experimental basis for preparation of glass capillary 5nm 3D nanochannel In this paper, we design a set of glass capillary tension system which is controlled by laser heating and linear ultrasonic motor and produced successfully the device for the preparation of nanopore below 50 nm. In addition, the use of micro droplet generation system has carried out preliminary characterization of nanopore drawn devices. Seen from the characterization, the nanopore device fabricated can indeed produce a through-hole.

Research of Treatment Technology for Electroplating Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 713-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dan Zhou ◽  
Miao Sun ◽  
Li Juan Wang ◽  
Guan Nan Xi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Electroplating Wastewater ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The sources and composition of electroplating waste water are summarized. The common wastewater treatment technology, such as physical and chemical method, physic-chemical process, biological treatment and electrochemical method, and so on. Then the vision for the development of electroplating wastewater treatment technology is made.

scholarly journals Productivity and economical appraisal of growing raspberry according to substrate for mulching under the conditions of podilia area in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
H. V. Pantsyreva ◽  
R. O. Myalkovsky ◽  
I. A. Yasinetska ◽  
V. M. Prokopchuk
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Phenological Phases

Based on studies of substrates for mulching raspberry varieties Veresnevi zori revealed the following: for mulching with straw or sawdust, the onset of the phenological phases of raspberry plants occurs later, compared to the cultivation without mulching; a greater number of root shoots and shoots are provided by growing raspberries without mulching, but a higher shoot height (133.2 cm) and shoot shoots (123.9 cm) distinguishes the straw mulch variant; the maximum yield of raspberry berries of the Veresnevi zori variety is provided by mulching with sawdust - 94.5 c/ha, which is 3.1 c/ha more than straw mulching and by 16.9 c/ha the control variant. The share of ripe berries in the yield by mulching sawdust increases to 81.5%, which is 4.4% more compared to straw mulching and 9.1% more compared to the control variant; the highest average weight of berries and maximum weight of 5 berries was obtained by mulching raspberries with sawdust; for raspberry mulching with sawdust, the profitability of raspberry berries production is the highest -258.9% and 4.3% less than straw mulching. The results of the work are recommended to be used during research and in practice.

scholarly journals A comparison of different methods to remove dissolved oxygen: Application to the electrochemical determination of imidacloprid

2015 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Djurovic ◽  
Zorica Stojanovic ◽  
Snezana Kravic ◽  
Zvonimir Suturovic ◽  
Tanja Brezo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Physical Method ◽  
Electrochemical Determination ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Nitrogen Stream ◽  
Sulfite Ion ◽  
Sulfite Solution

This study compares different methods for the removal of oxygen from the solution prior to the chronopotentiometric determination of the insecticide imidacloprid on glassy carbon electrode. The research included the application of the chemical method involving addition of sulfite ion, and the physical method of purging the sample with nitrogen stream, as well as their combination. By comparing analytical signals of imidacloprid, chemical method showed almost the same efficiency as conventional physical method, while the best reproducibility was achieved by applying chemical method with addition of the saturated sodium sulfite solution. The method is very simple and can be applied for deoxygenation of the solution prior to the chronopotentiometric analysis. The application of the chemical deoxygenation significantly shortened duration of the chronopotentiometric analysis of imidacloprid from approximately 15 min to 1 min.

scholarly journals Effect of potassium and zinc on growth, yield and economics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cv. CO-34

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Pravin Singh ◽  
Kavita Aravindakshan ◽  
I. B. Maurya ◽  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
Bhim Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Four Levels

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of potassium and zinc on growth, yield and economics of sweet potato. The experiment was laid out on clay and loam soil by adopting randomized block design with factorial technique (FRBD). The sixteen treatments consisted of combination of four levels of po-tassium (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg/ha through muriate of potash and four levels of foliar zinc (control i.e. water spray, 10, 20 and 30ppm) through zinc sulphate. The individual application of potassium 120 kg K2O/ha significantly in-creased the number of tubers per plant (4.60), average weight of tuber (275.31 g), length of tuber (16.77 cm), diam-eter of tuber (5.69 cm), tuber yield per plot (9.71 kg), tuber yield per hectare (49.04 t) respectively as compared to control. With the foliar application of zinc (30 ppm) significant increase in number of tubers per plant (4.18), average weight of tuber (234.73 g), length of tuber (18.12 cm), diameter of tuber (5.16 cm), tuber yield per plot (8.33 kg) and tuber yield per hectare (42.05 t) was recordedas compared to control. The treatment combination (120 kg K2O+30ppm Zn) recorded the maximum yield parameters i.e. chlorophyll content (37.00 mg/100 g), average weight of tuber (302.17 g), length of tuber (19.82 cm), diameter of tuber (5.97 cm), maximum tuber yield per plot (11.02 kg), tuber yield per hectare (55.67 t) and benefit-cost ratio (B: C ratio) of 4.22:1.While, the treatment (120 kg K2O+30ppm Zn) had the maximum number of tuber (4.86), minimum number of tuber was recorded in control. From the experi-ment, it appeared that application of potassium and zinc can be used to improve yield and higher net monetary re-turns of sweet potato.

scholarly journals Specific features of production of Istobensky variety shallot grown by transplanting method

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-548
Author(s):  
V. M. Motov ◽  
A. V. Denisova ◽  
O. A. Cheglakova ◽  
M. V. Motova
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
North East ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
European Part Of Russia

Currently, shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a popular crop, it requires study and development of new varieties. Above all, it needs industrial production technology. The article presents the results of 2015-2019 research on the cultivation of salad shallot by transplanting method in the conditions of the Kirov region (North-East of the European part of Russia). It has been established that growing the Istobensky variety through seedlings allows to get a full-fledged marketable bulb during the growing season. To obtain full-fledged seedlings the seeds are to be sown on the first days of April. The optimal age of seedlings from germination to planting into open ground is 40 days. Depending on the variant, from 1 to 5 pieces of plants were grown in each cell. The control variant had one plant. During artificial illumination, LED lamps with light intensity of 5000-7000 lm were used. The recommended growing period was 20-25 days; the illumination period - 14 hours. Seedlings were grown in a polycarbonate greenhouse during 18-20 days, followed by planting into the open ground. The maximum yield with minimum cost of seeds was obtained by growing three plants in one cell. When grown by the transplanting method, the maximum bulb size of 400 g was obtained in 2016. The studies proved that the maximum yield of 5.8 kg/m2 (+1.6 to the control at LSD05 = 0.7) was obtained when sowing seeds on April, 4. Planting two plants into a hole reduced the average bulb weight by 33%, three – 40; four – 57; and five – 68% compared with the control. The study have shown that shallot of the Istobensky variety is suitable for the transplanting method of growing bulbs from seeds. During one growing period it is possible to get full-fledged bulbs of salad use with an average weight of 100-131 g, with a dry matter content of 2.99%, ascorbic acid – 13.99%, acidity – 0.61%.

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