Comparison of Compressive Strength and Setting Time of Four Experimental Nanohybrid Mineral Trioxide Aggregates and Angelus Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Introduction. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a tricalcium-based silicate, dicalcium silicate matrix. Despite its good biologic properties, some clinicians still claim to have difficulties in handling MTA after its preparation due to its sandy consistency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of MTA Repair HP (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) compared with MTA Angelus (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil). Materials and Method. The properties assessed were particle size, setting time, flow, film thickness, radiopacity, water solubility, compressive strength, and cytotoxicity. Statistical analysis was performed considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results. For radiopacity, water absorption and solubility MTA Repair HP were statistically similar to MTA Angelus. The MTA Angelus had statistically different film thickness values, higher than MTA Repair HP (p < 0.05). Besides, MTA Angelus showed a lower and statistically different compressive strength after 28 days than MTA Repair HP (p<0.05). Additionally, MTA Repair HP set more slowly (p < 0.05). Relative to cell viability, MTA Repair HP was statistically similar to MTA Angelus after 24 and 48 h in cell viability. Conclusions. The MTA Repair HP presented similar cell viability, lower film thickness, higher flow, setting time, and compressive strength values after 28 days than MTA Angelus. In general, the MTA Repair HP presented physicochemical and biological properties similar to the MTA Angelus.

Download Full-text

Effect of bioactive glass addition on the physical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate

Biomaterials Research ◽

10.1186/s40824-021-00238-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jei Kim ◽

Hyun-Jung Kim ◽

Seok Woo Chang ◽

Soram Oh ◽

Sun-Young Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Bond Strength ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Setting Time ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Push Out

Abstract Background The addition of bioactive glass (BG), a highly bioactive material with remineralization potential, might improve the drawback of weakening property of mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) when it encounters with body fluid. This study aims to evaluate the effect of BG addition on physical properties of MTA. Methods ProRoot (MTA), and MTA with various concentrations of BG (1, 2, 5 and 10% BG/MTA) were prepared. Simulated body fluid (SBF) was used to investigate the effect of the storage solution on dentin remineralization. Prepared specimens were examined as following; the push-out bond strength to dentin, compressive strength, setting time solubility and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Results The 2% BG/MTA showed higher push-out bond strengths than control group after 7 days of SBF storage. The 2% BG/MTA exhibited the highest compressive strength. Setting times were reduced in the 1 and 2% BG/MTA groups, and solubility of all experimental groups were clinically acceptable. In all groups, precipitates were observed in dentinal tubules via SEM. XRD showed the increased hydroxyapatite peaks in the 2, 5 and 10% BG/MTA groups. Conclusion It was verified that the BG-added MTA increased dentin push-out bond strength and compressive strength under SBF storage. The addition of BG did not negatively affect the MTA maturation reaction; it increased the amount of hydroxyapatite during SBF maturation.

Download Full-text

Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Calcium Silicate Cements

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201600689 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 508-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fernando Vazquez-Garcia ◽

◽

Mário Tanomaru-Filho ◽

Gisselle Moraima Chávez-Andrade ◽

Roberta Bosso-Martelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Setting Time ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Calcium Silicate Cements

Abstract Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Portland cement (PC) are calcium silicate cements. They have similar physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties. The addition of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) to PC provides radiopacity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) may improve some properties of cements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AgNPs on physicochemical/mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of white MTA (WMTA) and PC associated with ZrO2. The following materials were evaluated: WMTA; PC 70% + ZrO2 30%; WMTA+ AgNPs; and PC 70% + ZrO2 30% + AgNPs. The study evaluated radiopacity, setting time, pH, compressive strength and solubility. For radiopacity analysis, radiographs were made alongside an aluminum (Al) step wedge. To evaluate the antibacterial activity, direct contact test was performed on planktonic cells and Enterococcus faecalis biofilm induced on bovine root dentin for 14 days. The experimental periods were 5 and 15 h. Data were obtained as CFU mL-1. The obtained data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p<0.05). The addition of AgNPs to WMTA increased the pH, lowered the solubility and the initial and final setting times. The addition of AgNPs to PC/ZrO2 maintained the pH, lowered the solubility, and increased the setting time and compressive strength. The radiopacity of all materials was higher than 4 mmAl. The addition of AgNPs promoted an increase in antibacterial activity for calcium silicate cements and favored the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the materials.

Download Full-text

Accelerating the Setting of Portland Cement Based Dental Materials Using Calcium Sulphates

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.343 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 361-363 ◽

pp. 343-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.L. O’Beirne ◽

R.M. Shelton ◽

P.J. Lumley ◽

M.P. Hofmann

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Portland Cement ◽

Setting Time ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Calcium Sulphate ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Initial Setting ◽

Relative Porosity

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a Portland cement (PC) based material used for sealing root canals however it has a long setting time which is undesirable for dental applications. This study investigated the effect of three different calcium sulphate additions for accelerating the initial setting of a PC based dental material, whilst attempting to maintain its high compressive strength and low relative porosity. Anhydrous calcium sulphate (CaS), Plaster of Paris, calcium sulphate hemihydrate (PoP) and Gypsum, calcium sulphate dihydrate (Gyp) were each added to PC at 5wt%, 10wt% and 20wt%. Initial setting times, compressive strengths and relative porosity were measured using the Gilmore Needles Test, a universal testing machine and a helium pycnometer respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe any microstructural changes in cements. PoP and CaS had the most profound influence on the setting of PC. 20wt% CaS had the greatest effect on the setting time of PC (10min) although decreased the compressive strength by up to 40%, which may have arisen from the formation of microcracks, observed by SEM analysis. Additions of 10wt% PoP and CaS may have the potential to reduce the long setting time of PC based dental materials.

Download Full-text

Superfast Set, Strong and Less Degradable Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2017/3019136 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abdullah Alqedairi ◽

Carlos A. Muñoz-Viveros ◽

Eugene A. Pantera ◽

Marc Campillo-Funollet ◽

Hussam Alfawaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fumed Silica ◽

Degradation Rate ◽

Setting Time ◽

High Stress ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Water Control ◽

High Alkalinity ◽

Precipitate Composition

Purpose. Despite the good sealing ability and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), its slow setting, high degradation, and weakness limit its use in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas. This study aimed to develop two new liquids to control these drawbacks. They were prepared from calcium chloride, fumed silica, and hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphate and coded “H” and “P,” respectively. Methods. Portland cement, Grey ProRoot® MTA, and white ProRoot MTA were mixed with distilled water (control) or liquid “H” or “P.” The pH, setting time, degradation rate, leachant/precipitate’ composition, compressive strength, and morphology were assessed. Results. Both liquids maintained MTA’s high alkalinity and reduced the setting time by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Both liquids, H in particular, significantly reduced the degradation rate of Grey ProRoot and White ProRoot MTA®. Calcite has been identified as the main phase of the leachant or precipitate formed during the cement’s degradation. Calcium hydroxide or hydroxyapatite was also identified with Grey ProRoot MTA mixed with H liquid. These liquids also significantly increased the compressive strength with no statistical differences between them; this was associated with the production of dense, consolidated structures. Conclusions. The modified MTA could be used in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas.

Download Full-text

Production of calcium silicate Nano-biocomposite and modeling of its flexural and compressive strength with statistics method

10.47277/aanbt/1(3)76 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 72-76

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Taguchi Method ◽

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Setting Time ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles ◽

Nano Silica ◽

Effective Factor

Nano Fast Cement (NFC) is a nanocomposite with a short setting time for repairing root teeth canals as an alternative to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. The downside of this new tooth restorative material is the poor workability and low compressive strength. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), colloidal nano-silica, and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were added to NFC to improve its physical, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties of NFC. The effects of the three additives on strength were determined. Experiments were designed based on the Taguchi method. The optimum contents of the three additives for the highest compressive strength, flexural strength were also obtained. The results showed that the most effective factor on the mechanical (compressive & flexural strength) properties of NFC is polyvinyl alcohol. Based on the Taguchi method, the optimal (highest value) of the mechanical property is obtained for PVA, nano-silica, and nano-hydroxyapatite contents of 6, .0.5, 0 Wt.%.

Download Full-text

Distrontium Cerate as a Radiopaque Component of Hydraulic Endodontic Cement

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma15010284 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 284

Author(s):

Kunlanun Dumrongvute ◽

Sherif Adel ◽

Takahiro Wada ◽

Nobuyuki Kawashima ◽

Chinalai Piyachon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Setting Time ◽

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽

Dissolution Test ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Rapid Setting ◽

Strontium Hydroxide ◽

Strontium Ions ◽

Cerium Carbonate

This study aimed to synthesize distrontium cerate (2SrO·CeO2: S2Ce) and evaluate its properties as an alternative component of the endodontic cement. S2Ce cement was prepared through calcination of strontium hydroxide and cerium carbonate. Subsequently, the crystal phase was confirmed using X-ray diffraction. S2Ce cement exhibited a rapid setting time (121 min) and achieved a high compressive strength (72.1 MPa) at 1 d after mixing, comparable to the compressive strength of a commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement (ProRoot MTA) after 28 d post mixing. However, the compressive strength decreased after 28 d of storage when the W/P ratio was 0.30–0.40 (p < 0.05). Ion dissolution test of the S2Ce cement showed that strontium ions were released after immersion in water (5.27 mg/mL after 1 d), whereas cerium dissolution was not detected. S2Ce exhibited approximately three times higher radiopacity (9.0 mm aluminum thickness equivalent) compared to the commercial MTA (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that S2Ce is a possible component for hydraulic endodontic cement that demonstrates a rapid setting and high radiopacity.

Download Full-text

Effect of Calcium Nitrate on the Properties of Portland–Limestone Cement-Based Concrete Cured at Low Temperature

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14071611 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1611

Author(s):

Gintautas Skripkiūnas ◽

Asta Kičaitė ◽

Harald Justnes ◽

Ina Pundienė

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Cement Paste ◽

Setting Time ◽

Calcium Nitrate ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Hardened Concrete ◽

Cement Pastes ◽

Initial Setting Time ◽

Initial Setting ◽

Early Strength

The effect of calcium nitrate (CN) dosages from 0 to 3% (of cement mass) on the properties of fresh cement paste rheology and hardening processes and on the strength of hardened concrete with two types of limestone-blended composite cements (CEM II A-LL 42.5 R and 42.5 N) at different initial (two-day) curing temperatures (−10 °C to +20 °C) is presented. The rheology results showed that a CN dosage up to 1.5% works as a plasticizing admixture, while higher amounts demonstrate the effect of increasing viscosity. At higher CN content, the viscosity growth in normal early strength (N type) cement pastes is much slower than in high early strength (R type) cement pastes. For both cement-type pastes, shortening the initial and final setting times is more effective when using 3% at +5 °C and 0 °C. At these temperatures, the use of 3% CN reduces the initial setting time for high early strength paste by 7.4 and 5.4 times and for normal early strength cement paste by 3.5 and 3.4 times when compared to a CN-free cement paste. The most efficient use of CN is achieved at −5 °C for compressive strength enlargement; a 1% CN dosage ensures the compressive strength of samples at a −5 °C initial curing temperature, with high early strength cement exceeding 3.5 MPa but being less than the required 3.5 MPa in samples with normal early strength cement.

Download Full-text

Effect of Waste Glass on the Properties and Microstructure of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14082073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 2073

Author(s):

Qiubai Deng ◽

Zhenyu Lai ◽

Rui Xiao ◽

Jie Wu ◽

Mengliang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Glass Powder ◽

Setting Time ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Heat Of Hydration ◽

Waste Glass ◽

Hydration Heat ◽

Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement ◽

The Matrix ◽

Powder Content

Waste glass is a bulk solid waste, and its utilization is of great consequence for environmental protection; the application of waste glass to magnesium phosphate cement can also play a prominent role in its recycling. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of glass powder (GP) on the mechanical and working properties of magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC). Moreover, a 40mm × 40mm × 40mm mold was used in this experiment, the workability, setting time, strength, hydration heat release, porosity, and microstructure of the specimens were evaluated. The results indicated that the addition of glass powder prolonged the setting time of MKPC, reduced the workability of the matrix, and effectively lowered the hydration heat of the MKPC. Compared to an M/P ratio (MgO/KH2PO4 mass ratio) of 1:1, the workability of the MKPC with M/P ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 was reduced by 1% and 2.1%, respectively, and the peak hydration temperatures were reduced by 0.5% and 14.6%, respectively. The compressive strength of MKPC increased with an increase in the glass powder content at the M/P ratio of 1:1, and the addition of glass powder reduced the porosity of the matrix, effectively increased the yield of struvite-K, and affected the morphology of the hydration products. With an increase in the M/P ratio, the struvite-K content decreased, many tiny pores were more prevalent on the surface of the matrix, and the bonding integrity between the MKPC was weakened, thereby reducing the compressive strength of the matrix. At less than 40 wt.% glass powder content, the performance of MKPC improved at an M/P ratio of 1:1. In general, the addition of glass powders improved the mechanical properties of MKPC and reduced the heat of hydration.

Download Full-text

Cement-Based Renders Manufactured with Phase-Change Materials: Applications and Feasibility

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2016/7254823 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Luigi Coppola ◽

Denny Coffetti ◽

Sergio Lorenzi

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Setting Time ◽

Drying Shrinkage ◽

Hydration Kinetics ◽

Mechanical Performances ◽

Entrapped Air ◽

Kinetics Of

The paper focuses on the evaluation of the rheological and mechanical performances of cement-based renders manufactured with phase-change materials (PCM) in form of microencapsulated paraffin for innovative and ecofriendly residential buildings. Specifically, cement-based renders were manufactured by incorporating different amount of paraffin microcapsules—ranging from 5% to 20% by weight with respect to binder. Specific mass, entrained or entrapped air, and setting time were evaluated on fresh mortars. Compressive strength was measured over time to evaluate the effect of the PCM addition on the hydration kinetics of cement. Drying shrinkage was also evaluated. Experimental results confirmed that the compressive strength decreases as the amount of PCM increases. Furthermore, the higher the PCM content, the higher the drying shrinkage. The results confirm the possibility of manufacturing cement-based renders containing up to 20% by weight of PCM microcapsules with respect to binder.

Download Full-text