scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Calcium Hydroxide, and Triple Antibiotic Paste as Root Canal Dressing Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Abbaszadegan ◽  
Sahar Dadolahi ◽  
Ahmad Gholami ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Moein ◽  
Shahram Hamedani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Triple Antibiotic Paste ◽  
Dressing Materials

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this article was (i) to define the chemical constituents of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil (CEO), (ii) to compare the antimicrobial activity of CEO with triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] on planktonic and biofilm Enterococcus faecalis; and (iii) to compare the cytotoxicity of these medicaments on L929 fibroblasts. Materials and methods Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to define the constituents of CEO. Zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill tests were performed. Further, 108 human teeth were infected with E. faecalis and treated with the medicaments for 1, 7, and 14 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed by exposing L929 fibroblasts to the medicaments. Results Cinnamaldehyde was the main component of CEO. Triple antibiotic paste had the greatest zone of inhibition and the smallest MIC and MBC. Triple antibiotic paste and CEO eradicated planktonic E. faecalis after 4 and 24 hours, while Ca(OH)2 failed to achieve 100% killing after 24 hours. Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil and TAP eradicated biofilm E. faecalis after 7 and 14 days, but Ca(OH)2 could not eliminate E. faecalis after 14 days. Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil was the most biocompatible medicament. Conclusion Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil is an efficient antibacterial agent against planktonic and biofilm E. faecalis and it was cytocompatible to L929 fibroblasts. Therefore, CEO has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent in root canal treatment. How to cite this article Abbaszadegan A, Dadolahi S, Gholami A, Moein MR, Hamedani S, Ghasemi Y, Abbott PV. Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Calcium Hydroxide, and Triple Antibiotic Paste as Root Canal Dressing Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(2):105-113.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098123
Author(s):  
Peng-fei Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Qiong-bo Wang ◽  
Zhi-wei Zhao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and insecticidal activity of the essential oil from fruits of foeniculum vulgare miller on larvae of khapra beetle (trogoderma granarium everts)

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad Ghanem ◽  
Adnan Audeh ◽  
Amer Abu Alnaser ◽  
Ghaleb Tayoub
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Trogoderma Granarium ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare Miller

Abstract The objective of current study was to determine the chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of essential oil isolated by hydro-distillation from dry fruit of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller). The chemical composition of the essential oil was assessed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Constituents of the oil were determined as α-pinene (1.6%) and limonene (3.3%), fenchone (27.3%), estragol (3.9%), and (E)-anethole (61.1%). The fumigant toxicity of the essential oil was tested on larvae of the stored product insect Trogoderma granarium Everts. The mortality of larvae was tested at different concentrations ranging from 31.2 to 531.2 μl/l air and at different exposure times (24 and 48 h). Probit analysis showed that LC50 and LC90 following a 48 h-exposure period for essential oil were 38.4 and 84.6 μl/l, respectively. These results showed that the essential oil from F. vulgare may be applicable to the management of populations of stored-product insects.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACT OF THE AROMATIC PLANT CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Umadevi. D ◽  
K.U.M.A Rafeeq
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Oil Extract

Cymbopogon citratus, widely known as lemongrass is used as folk medicine for several disease conditions. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the essential oil extract of C. citratus revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds like alkaloids, avonoids, saponins, tannins and phenolic compounds in the aqueous extracts. Essential oil was extracted from C. citratus leaves and its chemical constituents were identied by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).

scholarly journals Erratum: Number of Dental Stem Cells on Root Canal Dentin after Application of Triple Antibiotic Paste or Calcium Hydroxide: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. e1-e1
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Gougousis ◽  
Dimitrios G. Giannakoulas ◽  
Vasiliki Taraslia ◽  
Anastasia Agrafioti ◽  
Ema Anastasiadou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Triple Antibiotic Paste ◽  
Root Canal Dentin

scholarly journals Chemical composition of essential oils from Bambusa vulgaris Leaf (Fresh and Dried) Schrad. Ex J.C. Wendl. [Poaceae] obtained in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odunayo Atewolara-odule ◽  
Oseyemi Olubomehin ◽  
Enitan Adesanya ◽  
Adejumoke Hashimi ◽  
Abdulrazaq Ogunmoye
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fresh Sample ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Volatile Aroma ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sulfur Pentafluoride

Essential oil is a hydrophobic concentrated liquid which contains volatile aroma compounds from plants. Bambusa vulgaris grows widely in the tropical and subtropical regions and has been reported to have different ethnomedicinal values such as antimalaria and antioxidant. It is also known to be an ornamental plant. The essential oil was extracted from both the fresh and dried leaves of Bambusa vulgaris by hydrodistillation method using a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical constituents of the essential oils were characterized using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oils obtained are colourless with an herbal odour giving a yield of 0.64 w/w for the fresh sample and 1.08 w/w for the dried sample. A total of thirty-nine (39) compounds were identified from the essential oils of both samples. The major constituents in the fresh leaves were 3-aminodibenzofuran (19.2%), ?-ocimene (11.1%), undecane (9.6%), tridecane (8.6%), [3,2-b] pyridin-6-octahydropyrano (7.1%), 2-mono laurin (6.9%) and vinyl decanoate (5.9%). Prominent compounds of the essential oil in the dried leaves were chlorophenoxymethylenimino sulfur pentafluoride (74.5%) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (17.3%). Undecane, tridecane, hexadecane and octadecane were found both in the fresh and dried leaves. The chemical constituents of the essential oils from Nigeria Bambusa vulgaris were reported in this study for the first time to the best our knowledge and this could be useful in aromatherapy.

scholarly journals THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS' OF THE LEAVE ESSENTIAL OIL OF ALTERNANTHERA PUNGENS (KUNTH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Abdulrazaq Omotunde Ogunmoye ◽  
Odunayo Christy Atewolara-Odule ◽  
Oseyemi Omowunmi Olubomehin ◽  
Segun Ajibola Ogundare ◽  
Sodiq Tolulope Yussuf
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hexahydrofarnesyl Acetone ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Compositional Pattern ◽  
The Common

Alternanthera pungens Kunth commonly called khaki weed is from the family Amaranthaceae. It is a herbaceous perennial plant that has stems prostrate, rarely rising and about 10-50 cm long. The work was carried out due to the scarcity of information on the volatile constituents from the plant leaves despite works on the flower and other parts. The extraction of the essential oils from the dried leaves was carried out by the hydro distillation method using an all-glass Clevenger apparatus. The extracted oils were then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of twelve constituents' representing 93.39% of A. Pungens oil with a yield of 0.4% (v/w) was obtained. The analysis of the GC-MS results of the leaf oil showed that it was dominated by â-ionone (42.18%) and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (15.53%), others in trace amounts include; methyl palmitate (6.13%), 1octadecyne (4.72%), undecane (3.73%), para-mentha-1, 3, 8-triene (3.65%), isophytol (3.21%), ?cadinene (3.06%), 1, 2-dimethyl cyclooctene (3.05%), para-cymene (2.96%), phytol (2.67%) and neophytadiene (2.50%). The  common classes of compounds present in the leaves oil are aceto monocyclic monoterpenoid (42.18%), sesquiterpenoids (18.59%), hydrocarbons (11.50%), diterpenoids (8.38%), monoterpenes (6.61%) and fatty acids (6.13%).The constituents and the compositional pattern of essential oil identified from the leaves of Alternanthera pungens grown in Nigeria differ quantitatively and qualitatively from previously reported member of the genus and the presence of sesquiterpenoid as one of the major components of the oils justify the traditional use of the plants in treating pains, headaches and inflammations.

Comparative Studies of Chemical Constituents of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Using Different Extraction Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
Nur Salsabila Ahmad Roslan ◽  
Seema Zareen ◽  
Normaiza Zamri
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
The Family

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis which belongs to the family Malvaceae, is a national flower of Malaysia. This glabrous tree can usually grow around 1 to 3 meters tall. The objective of present study was to categorize the essential oil constituent of flowers and leaves extract using different extraction method namely Soxhlet and hydrodistillation. The essential oil obtained from Soxhlet (10.75%) and hydrodistillation (11.40%) were subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for determination of bioactive compounds. The GC-MS analysis was carried out by Agilent 7980A series GC instrument and DB-1MS capillary column with the dimensions of 30 m × 0.25 mm. A total of 21 and 20 compounds were identified for Soxhlet and hyrodistillation technique, respectively. Major compound found in essential oil for Soxhlet apparatus method was (Z,Z,Z)-9-12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester (23.59%) while for hydrodistillation was 1-Methylene-2b-hydroxymethyl-3,3-dimethyl-4b-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-cyclohexane (16.57%). The presence of numerous bioactive compounds provides insights to the potential of the Hibiscus rosa-sinensis in pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Microbiological Activities of the Essential Oil of Leaf of Tithonia Diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray (Asteraceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ferreira Farias ◽  
Alex Lobato Rodrigues ◽  
Rosany Lopes Martins ◽  
Érica de Menezes Rabelo ◽  
Carlos Ferreira Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Bacterial Strains

The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the plant species Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray. The essential oil obtained was used to identify the chemical compounds present through the techniques of GC-MS and NMR. The antioxidant potential was calculated by the sequestration method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. For cytotoxic activity, the larval mortality of Artemia salina was evaluated. The main chemical constituents identified are αpinene (9.9%), Limonene (5.40%), (Z)-β-ocimene (4.02%), p-cymen-8-ol (3.0%), Piperitone (11.72%), (E)-nerolidol (3.78%) and Spathulenol (10.8%). In the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used. The results showed that the bacterium E. coli were more susceptible to the presence of the essential oil, presenting minimal inhibitory concentration at the concentrations that were exposed. The essential oil presented antioxidant activity of 54.6% at the concentration of 5 mg·mL−1 and provided a CI50 of 4.30. It was observed that the essential oil of this species was highly toxic against A. salina lavas, as its cytotoxic activity showed an LC50 of 3.11. Thus, it is concluded that T. diversifolia oils are effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and reducing oxidative stress.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIOXIDANT, CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL STUDY OF CAPPARIS CARTILAGINEA DECNEFROM YEMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Bushra Abdulkarim Moharram ◽  
Hassan M. Al-mahbashi ◽  
Riyadh Saif Ali ◽  
Faten Ali Aqlan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: To investigate phytochemicals and biological activities of Capparis cartilaginea extracts.Methods: The methanolic extracts of leaves, stem and twigs of C. cartilaginea were screened for their phytochemicals. The essential oil of the leaves was hydrodistilled by a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The leaves extract of C. cartilaginea was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory effect, using formalin-induced paw edema. The leaves, stem and twig extracts were assessed for their antioxidant activity, using free radical scavenging assay, cytotoxic activity, using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and antibacterial activity, using the microdilution method.Results: All extracts of C. cartilaginea contained alkaloids, carbohydrates, protein, coumarin, phytosterols, bitter principles, phenols and tannins. The essential oil of the leaves was mainly composed of isopropyl isothiocyanate (69.4%), butane,1-isothiocyanate (26.97%) and isobutyl isothiocyanate (3.26%). The leaves extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, significantly inhibited paw edema at the 3rd h (49.1%, 54.0%, respectively) and this effect was comparable to that of diclofenac (58.87%). The leaves extract showed the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 91.71 µg/ml. The twigs extract exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against human lung carcinoma (A549) with IC50 of 57.5 µg/ml. The leaves and stem extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5.0 mg/ml. Conclusion: The leaves extract of C. cartilaginea is a potential source of bioactive compounds that could have a role in anti-inflammation. Twigs extract of the C. cartilaginea possesses a potential cytotoxic effect on human lung cell line.

scholarly journals Sedative and hypnotic effects of compound Anshen essential oil inhalation for insomnia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhong ◽  
Qin Zheng ◽  
Pengyi Hu ◽  
Xiaoying Huang ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Psychotropic Substances

Abstract Backgrounds The chemical composition of many essential oils indicates that they have sedative and hypnotic effects, but there is still a lack of systematic studies on the sedative and hypnotic effects of essential oils. In addition, aromatherapy does not seem to have the side effects of many traditional psychotropic substances, which is clearly worthwhile for further clinical and scientific research. The clinical application of essential oils in aromatherapy has received increasing attention, and detailed studies on the pharmacological activities of inhaled essential oils are increasingly needed. Hypothesis/purpose As insomniacs are usually accompanied by symptoms of depression and anxiety of varying degrees, based on the theory of aromatherapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, this experiment is to study a Compound Anshen essential oil that is compatible with Lavender essential oil, Sweet Orange essential oil, Sandalwood essential oil and other aromatic medicine essential oils with sedative and hypnotic effects, anti-anxiety and anti-depression effects. To study the sedative and hypnotic effects of Compound Anshen essential oil inhaled and the main chemical components of Compound Anshen essential oil, and to compare and analyze the pharmacodynamics of diazepam, a commonly used drug for insomnia. Methods The Open field test and Pentobarbital-induced sleep latency and sleep time experiments were used to analyze and compare the sedative and hypnotic effects of inhaling Compound Anshen essential oil and the administration of diazepam on mice. The changes of 5-HT and GABA in mouse brain were analyzed by Elisa. The main volatile constituents of Compound Anshen essential oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results Inhalation of Compound Anshen essential oil can significantly reduce the spontaneous activity of mice, reduce latency of sleeping time and prolong duration of sleeping time. The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that Compound Anshen essential oil can increase the content of 5-HT and GABA in mouse brain. The main volatile chemical constituents of the Compound Anshen essential oil are D-limonene (24.07%), Linalool (21.98%), Linalyl acetate (15.37%), α-Pinene (5.39%), and α-Santalol (4.8%). Conclusion The study found that the inhalation of Compound Anshen essential oil has sedative and hypnotic effect. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research and development of the sedative and hypnotic effects of Compound Anshen essential oil based on the theory of aromatherapy.

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