scholarly journals Atrophic Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Surveen Ghumman
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Vaginal Atrophy ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Atrophic Vaginitis ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Vaginal Estrogen

ABSTRACT Atrophic vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina which develops when there is a significant decrease in estrogen levels after menopause. The initial and most common symptom is often lack of lubrication during intercourse. Eventually, persistent vaginal dryness may occur leading to dyspareunia. The onset of symptoms may not be immediate and may occur 3 to 4 years after menopause. Nonhormonal treatment includes vaginal moisturizers for atrophy symptoms, lubricants for dyspareunia, hyaluronic acid vaginal tablets and phtoestrogens. Estrogens are known to increase vascularity, secretions and thickness of vagina and decrease vaginal pH. They can be given both systemically or vaginally. Local therapy has been found to be more efficacious than systemic therapy and has the advantage of not having systemic adverse effects. They can be given as pessaries, creams or rings. Delivery system used should be convenient to patient so that therapy is consistent, as that is critical for effect. Improvement in vaginal atrophy symptoms starts within a few weeks of starting vaginal estrogen but, some may need to use it for 4 to 6 weeks before adequate improvement is observed. Selective estrogen receptor modulator bazedoxifene may be combined with estrogens. Postmenopausal vaginal atrophy is a common cause of easily treatable distressing symptoms which severely affect quality of life. How to cite this article Ghumman S. Atrophic Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatment. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):4-12.

Management of Postmenopausal Vaginal Atrophy: Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Meena Dayal ◽  
Preeti Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vaginal Atrophy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Urogenital Atrophy ◽  
Effective Analysis

ABSTRACT Aim As there is dilemma for treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy, effort has been made to review the literature for the same. Background About half of all postmenopausal women will experience symptoms related to urogenital atrophy. Vaginal atrophy becomes clinically apparent 4 to 5 years after menopause, and subjective complaints as well as objective changes are present in 25 to 50% of all postmenopausal women. Review results Measures could be taken for not only treatment but also prevention of atrophy before symptoms become troublesome, but establishment of this prevention principle globally would require a formal cost-effective analysis and further research. Conclusion Treatment with local estrogen is simple, safe, and can transform a woman’s quality of life. Clinical significance Women experiencing sexual and urinary symptoms as a consequence of vaginal atrophy should be diagnosed and treated without delay in order to avoid a cascade of events which do not resolve spontaneously. How to cite this article Yadav P, Dayal M. Management of Postmenopausal Vaginal Atrophy: Review of Literature. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):51-57.

Atrophic vaginitis in patients of reproductive age

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Yu.E. Dobrokhotova ◽  
◽  
E.I. Borovkova ◽  
S.A. Zalesskaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Atrophic Vaginitis

Objective. To study the effectiveness of the use of Acilact Duo for relieving the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis against the background of antiestrogen therapy. Patients and methods. The study included patients of reproductive age (n = 21) who were treated with goserelin (10.8 mg once every 3 months) in combination with tamoxifen (20 mg per day) for previously diagnosed breast cancer (luminal A type). Inclusion criteria were: age 28–45 years, complaints of vaginal dryness and micro-cuts, dyspareunia, breast cancer in anamnesis. Microscopic and bacteriological examination of the vaginal discharge was carried out. Patients filled out an individual questionnaire on the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis and dynamics of psycho-emotional state according to the Spielberger–Khanin scale. Results. The most common patients’ complaints were: dryness (up to 6.1 points) and the presence of vaginal micro-cuts (1.5 points), dyspareunia (1.3 points). After the course of treatment with Acilact Duo, the severity of symptoms decreased by 1.5 times. The assessment of psychological status demonstrated a low subjective evaluation of health and quality of life (36.7 ± 1.4 points). Twelve days after treatment, a mean anxiety score improved and amounted to 30.9 ± 0.6 points (р < 0.05). The intensity of vaginal microbial colonization in atrophic vaginitis is low and characterized by the absence of lactoflora and the predominance of enterobacteriaceae, atopobium vaginae, staphylococci, streptococci and peptostreptococci. After local therapy with Acilact Duo, there was an increase in colonization by lactobacilli (by 5.1 times, р < 0.05), a decrease in the level of colonization by streptococci (by 1.7 times, р < 0.05), staphylococci (by 2 times, р < 0.05), peptostreptococci (by 4.3 times, р < 0.05) and enterobacteriaceae (by 4 times, р < 0.05). Conclusion. A short 10-day course of treatment with Acilact Duo for patients with atrophic vaginitis can significantly reduce the severity of symptoms and improve the quality of life of women of reproductive age. Key words: atrophic vaginitis, genitourinary syndrome, lactobacilli, dyspareunia, breast cancer

scholarly journals The Tissue-Selective Estrogen Complex (Bazedoxifene/Conjugated Estrogens) for the Treatment of Menopause

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Lello ◽  
Anna Capozzi ◽  
Giovanni Scambia
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Vasomotor Symptoms ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Vaginal Atrophy ◽  
First Line ◽  
Conjugated Estrogens ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
First Line Treatment

The tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) pairs conjugated estrogens (CE) with a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), bazedoxifene acetate (BZA). A 2-year treatment with the TSEC improved vasomotor symptoms, quality of life, and vaginal atrophy in healthy postmenopausal women. In addition, the TSEC prevented vertebral and hip bone loss without increasing mammographic density, breast tenderness, the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or venous thromboembolism. Finally, the BZA 20 mg/CE 0.45 mg dose did not increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia. Based on these findings, the TSEC can be considered as a first-line treatment for symptomatic postmenopausal women.

Clinical case of a comorbid patient with arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Ella Polozova ◽  
Vsevolod Skvortsov ◽  
Olga Radaykina ◽  
Mariya Narvatkina ◽  
Anastasiya Seskina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
The Moment

The widespread prevalence of comorbid pathology determines the relevance of this problem. Comorbid pathology due to the interaction of diseases, drug pathomorphism, age characteristics of the patient, significantly changes clinical picture and course of the main nosology, affects severity of complications and their nature, significantly affects quality of life and prognosis of patients. Diagnosis and treatment of many diseases is complicated in the conditions of comorbidity. The article presents a clinical case of a comorbid patient with arterial hypertension from the moment of exposure to risk factors and ending with the formation of many concomitant diseases, as an example of trans-nosological comorbidity.

The Baluch, Sunnism and the State in Iran

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane A. Dudoignon
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Oasis Area ◽  
Shed Light

Since 2002, Sunni jihadi groups have been active in Iranian Baluchistan without managing to plunge the region into chaos. This book suggests that a reason for this, besides Tehran’s military responses, has been the quality of Khomeini and Khamenei’s relationship with a network of South-Asia-educated Sunni ulama (mawlawis) originating from the Sarbaz oasis area, in the south of Baluchistan. Educated in the religiously reformist, socially conservative South Asian Deoband School, which puts the madrasa at the centre of social life, the Sarbazi ulama had taken advantage, in Iranian territory, of the eclipse of Baluch tribal might under the Pahlavi monarchy (1925-79). They emerged then as a bulwark against Soviet influence and progressive ideologies, before rallying to Khomeini in 1979. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, they have been playing the role of a rampart against Salafi propaganda and Saudi intrigues. The book shows that, through their alliance with an Iranian Kurdish-born Muslim-Brother movement and through the promotion of a distinct ‘Sunni vote’, they have since the early 2000s contributed towards – and benefitted from – the defence by the Reformist presidents Khatami (1997-2005) and Ruhani (since 2013) of local democracy and of the minorities’ rights. They endeavoured to help, at the same time, preventing the propagation of jihadism and Sunni radicalisation to Iran – at least until the ISIS/Daesh-claimed attacks of June 2017, in Tehran, shed light on the limits of the Islamic Republic’s strategy of reliance on Deobandi ulama and Muslim-Brother preachers in the country’s Sunni-peopled peripheries.

scholarly journals Diabetes knowledge, risk perception, and quality of life among South Asian caregivers in young adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001268
Author(s):  
Angela Koipuram ◽  
Sandra Carroll ◽  
Zubin Punthakee ◽  
Diana Sherifali
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Design And Methods

IntroductionPersons of South Asian descent have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The management of T2DM in the South Asian community has required the support of adult children, potentially impacting the quality of life, diabetes-related knowledge, and risk perception among these caregivers.Research design and methodsTo investigate diabetes-related knowledge, quality of life, risk perception, and actual risk of developing diabetes among South Asian young adults whose parents are living with T2DM. A cross-sectional study was conducted (n=150). An online survey was administered. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in diabetes-related knowledge between males and females (p<0.001). Males (in comparison to females) had a lower risk perception of developing diabetes (p=0.06). Further, risk perception and diabetes-related knowledge were positively associated with caregiver’s physical health (p=0.002).ConclusionFindings highlight the importance of providing gender-specific and culturally tailored diabetes educational interventions.

scholarly journals A Review of Evidence-Based Recommendations for Pericoronitis Management and a Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prescribing for Pericoronitis among Dentists: Inappropriate Pericoronitis Treatment Is a Critical Factor of Antibiotic Overuse in Dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6796
Author(s):  
Jan Schmidt ◽  
Martina Kunderova ◽  
Nela Pilbauerova ◽  
Martin Kapitan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Antibiotic Overuse ◽  
Clinically Significant

This work provides a narrative review covering evidence-based recommendations for pericoronitis management (Part A) and a systematic review of antibiotic prescribing for pericoronitis from January 2000 to May 2021 (Part B). Part A presents the most recent, clinically significant, and evidence-based guidance for pericoronitis diagnosis and proper treatment recommending the local therapy over antibiotic prescribing, which should be reserved for severe conditions. The systematic review includes publications analyzing sets of patients treated for pericoronitis and questionnaires that identified dentists' therapeutic approaches to pericoronitis. Questionnaires among dentists revealed that almost 75% of them prescribed antibiotics for pericoronitis, and pericoronitis was among the top 4 in the frequency of antibiotic use within the surveyed diagnoses and situations. Studies involving patients showed that antibiotics were prescribed to more than half of the patients with pericoronitis, and pericoronitis was among the top 2 in the frequency of antibiotic use within the monitored diagnoses and situations. The most prescribed antibiotics for pericoronitis were amoxicillin and metronidazole. The systematic review results show abundant and unnecessary use of antibiotics for pericoronitis and are in strong contrast to evidence-based recommendations summarized in the narrative review. Adherence of dental professionals to the recommendations presented in this work can help rapidly reduce the duration of pericoronitis, prevent its complications, and reduce the use of antibiotics and thus reduce its impact on patients' quality of life, healthcare costs, and antimicrobial resistance development.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Hagaman ◽  
Jossana A. Damasco ◽  
Joy Vanessa D. Perez ◽  
Raniv D. Rojo ◽  
Marites P. Melancon
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Advanced Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Translational Models

Patients with advanced prostate cancer can develop painful and debilitating bone metastases. Currently available interventions for prostate cancer bone metastases, including chemotherapy, bisphosphonates, and radiopharmaceuticals, are only palliative. They can relieve pain, reduce complications (e.g., bone fractures), and improve quality of life, but they do not significantly improve survival times. Therefore, additional strategies to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer bone metastases are needed. Nanotechnology is a versatile platform that has been used to increase the specificity and therapeutic efficacy of various treatments for prostate cancer bone metastases. In this review, we summarize preclinical research that utilizes nanotechnology to develop novel diagnostic imaging tools, translational models, and therapies to combat prostate cancer bone metastases.

scholarly journals Glatiramer Acetate Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis-Associated Fatigue—Beneficial Effects on Self-Assessment Scales But Not on Molecular Markers

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Oliver Neuhaus ◽  
Wolfgang Köhler ◽  
Florian Then Bergh ◽  
Wolfgang Kristoferitsch ◽  
Jürgen Faiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Glatiramer Acetate ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Although fatigue is a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), its pathomechanisms are incompletely understood. Glatiramer acetate (GA), an immunomodulatory agent approved for treatment of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), possesses unique mechanisms of action and has been shown to exhibit beneficial effects on MS fatigue. The objective of this study was to correlate clinical, neuropsychological, and immunological parameters in RRMS patients with fatigue before and during treatment with GA. In a prospective, open-label, multicenter trial, 30 patients with RRMS and fatigue were treated with GA for 12 months. Inclusion criterion was the presence of fatigue as one of the most frequent and disabling symptoms. Before and during treatment, fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the MS-FSS, and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). In addition, fatigue and quality of life were assessed using the Visual Analog Scales (VAS). Laboratory assessments included screening of 188 parameters using real-time PCR microarrays followed by further analysis of several cytokines, chemokines, and neurotrophic factors. Fatigue self-assessments were completed in 25 patients. After 12 months of treatment with GA, 13 of these patients improved in all three scales (with the most prominent effects on the MFIS), whereas 5 patients had deteriorated. The remaining 7 patients exhibited inconsistent effects within the three scales. Fatigue and overall quality of life had improved, as assessed via VAS. Laboratory assessments revealed heterogeneous mRNA levels of cytokines, chemokines, and neurotrophic factors. In conclusion, we were not able to correlate clinical and molecular effects of GA in patients with RRMS and fatigue.

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