scholarly journals Irrigation management strategies for winter wheat using AquaCrop model

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
M.H. Ali ◽  
I. Abustan
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Water Model ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Daily Weather Data

Many regions of the world face the challenge to ensure high yield with limited water supply. This calls for utilization of available water in an efficient and sustainable manner. Quantitative models can assist in management decision and planning purposes. The FAO’s newly developed crop-water model, AquaCrop, which simulates yield in response to water, has been calibrated for winter wheat and subsequently used to simulate yield under different sowing dates, irrigation frequencies, and irrigation sequences using 10 years daily weather data. The simulation results suggest that “2 irrigation frequency” is the most water-efficient schedule for wheat under the prevailing climatic and soil conditions. The results also indicate decreasing yield trend under late sowing. The normal/recommended sequence of irrigation performed better than the seven-days shifting from the normal. The results will help to formulate irrigation management plan based on the resource availability (water, and land availability from previous crop).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Crop Coefficient, Cumulative and Dynamic Evapo-Transpiration of Winter Wheat under Deficit Irrigation Treatments in Weighing Lysimeter in Beijing, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian ◽  
Ali Soleymani ◽  
Peter Oko Ogbaji ◽  
Xuzhang Xue
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Jointing Stage ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

<p><em>The availability of water plays an important role in plant growth, yield and quality of crops In 2012-2013 experiment, Irrigation treatments were (1): Irrigation before sowing (60 Liter), (2): Irrigation before sowing (30 Liter) + before freezing (30 Liter); (3): before sowing (30 Liter) + before freezing (30 Liter) + in the beginning of erecting stage (60 Liter) + at flowering stage (60 Liter); (4): before sowing (30 Liter) + before freezing (30 Liter) + at booting stage (60 Liter) + at flowering stage (60 Liter). The weighing lysimeter system is located in National Precision Agriculture Demonstration Station in Xiaotangshang Town of Beijing. The maximum evapotranspiration value in March, April and May was obtained for lysimeter 10 (I2) (558.70 kg), lysimeter 11 (I3) (467.25 kg), and lysimeter 10 (I2) (488.68 kg), respectively. Knowledge about changes of soil water changes during successive growing seasons from planting to final ripening is a necessary tool for an effective planning of irrigation programs, in order to improve both quality and quantity of crop. From October to June, evapo-transpiration trends increased steadily, especially in last four months, in which the lysimeter fields were covered by winter wheat completely. In 2013-2014 experiment, Irrigation treatments were (1) no irrigantion, (2) irrigation only at jointing stage (60L), (3) irrigation at jointing (60L) and flowering stage (60L), (4) at jointing stage (April 8th, 60L), 100% flowering stage (April 30th, 60L), and grain filling period (May 10th, 60L) before irrigation, crop coefficient (KC) was low and exactly after irrigation, it increased and then it decreased gradually day by day. R2 between evapotranspiration which is on the basis of hourly weather data and daily weather data with measured ET in big lysimter was 0.962 and 0.953, respectively. Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient almost exactly match according to R2 of the regression. In conclusion, evapotranspiration and KC give a closer idea of the value of research on relationship between evapotranspiration and crop coefficient.</em></p>

scholarly journals Water requirement and yield of fig trees under different drip irrigation management

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irineu P. de S. Andrade ◽  
Daniel F. de Carvalho ◽  
Wilk S. de Almeida ◽  
Jonathas B. Gonçalves Silva ◽  
Leonardo D. B. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fig Trees

This work aimed to study the effect of drip irrigation management on growth and yield of the 'Roxo de Valinhos' fig tree (Ficus carica L.), at three years old, and to determine crop coefficients (Kc) and its water requirement (ETc) under Baixada Fluminense climate and soil conditions, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study was carried out in the experimental area of SIPA (Sistema Integrado de Produção Agroecológica) in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro State, from July 2011 to May 2012. The experimental area was divided in two blocks, named B1 (sandy clay loam texture) and B2 (loamy sand texture). In each block, irrigation frequencies (IF) of two (T1) and four days (T2) were evaluated, as well as the irrigation absence (T3). Irrigation management and water consumption determination were performed through the soil water balance, using the TDR technique. Plant growth was not affected by IF, differing only in the number of produced internodes. For both soil textures, the mean Kc was 0.60, with a significant difference (p<0.05) only for IF. The estimated mean yield showed no significant differences between both textural classes, ranging from 6,612 kg ha-1 (T3) to 8,554 kg ha-1 (T1). This study indicates the importance of irrigation frequency in the irrigation management of fig trees cultivated in soils with different physical characteristics.

Estimation of reference evapotranspiration using Aquacrop model for agro-climatic conditions of Madhya Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Yadav ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
R. K. Nema
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Daily Weather Data

Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration is necessary step for better management and allocation of water resources. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) adopted the Penman Moneith method as a global standard to estimate reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo). The study aimed to estimate FAO P-M reference evapotranspiration for different district of five agro climatic zones of Madhya Pradesh state by using Aquacrop model. Daily weather data including maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation were collected for the period of 1979 to 2013 which were used as input data in Aquacrop. Several statistical parameters were used for characterizing the spatial and temporal variability of ETo. The average monthly ETo was found maximum in month of May (10.67 mm day-1) in all district of different agro climatic zones for the average period considered for the study and also for each years, whereas average minimum ETo was estimated in month of December (3.23 mm day-1) in Kymore Plateau and August (2.44 mm day-1) in Satpura Plateau. The mean daily reference evapotranspiration ranges from 4 mm day-1 to 10 mm day-1 for all districts. From the statistical analysis it was found that spatial variability of ETo lower than the temporal variability. It means the bigger differentiation of ETo in the years than in the space.

Citrus Irrigation Management

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davie Mayeso Kadyampakeni ◽  
Kelly T. Morgan ◽  
Mongi Zekri ◽  
Rhuanito Ferrarezi ◽  
Arnold Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Citrus Production

Water is a limiting factor in Florida citrus production during the majority of the year because of the low water holding capacity of sandy soils resulting from low clay and the non-uniform distribution of the rainfall. In Florida, the major portion of rainfall comes in June through September. However, rainfall is scarce during the dry period from February through May, which coincides with the critical stages of bloom, leaf expansion, fruit set, and fruit enlargement. Irrigation is practiced to provide water when rainfall is not sufficient or timely to meet water needs. Proper irrigation scheduling is the application of water to crops only when needed and only in the amounts needed; that is, determining when to irrigate and how much water to apply. With proper irrigation scheduling, yield will not be limited by water stress. With citrus greening (HLB), irrigation scheduling is becoming more important and critical and growers cannot afford water stress or water excess. Any degree of water stress or imbalance can produce a deleterious change in physiological activity of growth and production of citrus trees.  The number of fruit, fruit size, and tree canopy are reduced and premature fruit drop is increased with water stress.  Extension growth in shoots and roots and leaf expansion are all negatively impacted by water stress. Other benefits of proper irrigation scheduling include reduced loss of nutrients from leaching as a result of excess water applications and reduced pollution of groundwater or surface waters from the leaching of nutrients. Recent studies have shown that for HLB-affected trees, irrigation frequency should increase and irrigation amounts should decrease to minimize water stress from drought stress or water excess, while ensuring optimal water availability in the rootzone at all times.

DEFICIT DRIP IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT FOR SUNFLOWER CROP UNDER CLAY SOIL CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-484
Author(s):  
Nora Husein ◽  
Mohamed El-Ansary ◽  
Montaser Awad ◽  
Harby Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Sunflower Crop

scholarly journals Distribution and incidence of viruses in Irish seed potato crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hutton ◽  
J.H. Spink ◽  
D. Griffin ◽  
S. Kildea ◽  
D. Bonner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Potato Crops

Abstract Virus diseases are of key importance in potato production and in particular for the production of disease-free potato seed. However, there is little known about the frequency and distribution of potato virus diseases in Ireland. Despite a large number of samples being tested each year, the data has never been collated either within or across years. Information from all known potato virus testing carried out in the years 2006–2012 by the Department of Agriculture Food and Marine was collated to give an indication of the distribution and incidence of potato virus in Ireland. It was found that there was significant variation between regions, varieties, years and seed classes. A definition of daily weather data suitable for aphid flight was developed, which accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in virus incidence between years. This use of weather data to predict virus risk could be developed to form the basis of an integrated pest management approach for aphid control in Irish potato crops.

scholarly journals Irrigation Scheduling with Soil Gas Diffusivity as a Decision Tool to Mitigate N2O Emissions from a Urine-Affected Pasture

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Camille Rousset ◽  
Timothy J. Clough ◽  
Peter R. Grace ◽  
David W. Rowlings ◽  
Clemens Scheer
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Gas Diffusivity ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Access To Water

Pastures require year-round access to water and in some locations rely on irrigation during dry periods. Currently, there is a dearth of knowledge about the potential for using irrigation to mitigate N2O emissions. This study aimed to mitigate N2O losses from intensely managed pastures by adjusting irrigation frequency using soil gas diffusivity (Dp/Do) thresholds. Two irrigation regimes were compared; a standard irrigation treatment based on farmer practice (15 mm applied every 3 days) versus an optimised irrigation treatment where irrigation was applied when soil Dp/Do was ≈0.033 (equivalent to 50% of plant available water). Cow urine was applied at a rate of 700 kg N ha−1 to simulate a ruminant urine deposition event. In addition to N2O fluxes, soil moisture content was monitored hourly, Dp/Do was modelled, and pasture dry matter production was measured. Standard irrigation practices resulted in higher (p = 0.09) cumulative N2O emissions than the optimised irrigation treatment. Pasture growth rates under treatments did not differ. Denitrification during re-wetting events (irrigation and rain) contributed to soil N2O emissions. These results warrant further modelling of irrigation management as a mitigation option for N2O emissions from pasture soils, based on Dp/Do thresholds, rainfall, plant water demands and evapotranspiration.

scholarly journals A method for simulating risk profiles of wheat yield in data-sparse conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
G. Bracho-Mujica ◽  
P.T. Hayman ◽  
V.O. Sadras ◽  
B. Ostendorf
Keyword(s):  
Reference Site ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
Record Length ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract Process-based crop models are a robust approach to assess climate impacts on crop productivity and long-term viability of cropping systems. However, these models require high-quality climate data that cannot always be met. To overcome this issue, the current research tested a simple method for scaling daily data and extrapolating long-term risk profiles of modelled crop yields. An extreme situation was tested, in which high-quality weather data was only available at one single location (reference site: Snowtown, South Australia, 33.78°S, 138.21°E), and limited weather data was available for 49 study sites within the Australian grain belt (spanning from 26.67 to 38.02°S of latitude, and 115.44 to 151.85°E of longitude). Daily weather data were perturbed with a delta factor calculated as the difference between averaged climate data from the reference site and the study sites. Risk profiles were built using a step-wise combination of adjustments from the most simple (adjusted series of precipitation only) to the most detailed (adjusted series of precipitation, temperatures and solar radiation), and a variable record length (from 10 to 100 years). The simplest adjustment and shortest record length produced bias of modelled yield grain risk profiles between −10 and 10% in 41% of the sites, which increased to 86% of the study sites with the most detailed adjustment and longest record (100 years). Results indicate that the quality of the extrapolation of risk profiles was more sensitive to the number of adjustments applied rather than the record length per se.

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