Prevalence and Factors Associated With Utilization of HIV Self Testing Among Students of Universities in South Western Uganda

Background HIV self-testing (HIVST) is globally accepted as an important complement to existing HIV Counseling and Testing approaches. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with the utilization of HIV self-testing among university students of South western Uganda. Methods An online cross sectional study design that used the quantitative approach was conducted purposively among 356 university students of Kampala International University (KIU) and Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST) in South western Uganda between 12th August 2020 and 31st August 2020. Mapping different course leaders in launching the Google form link that contained the structured questionnaires in their respective formal class WhatsApp groups for enrolling potential participants. Descriptive analysis of numeric data was summarized in means with standard deviations and presented using tables. Descriptive analysis of categorical data was summarized in frequencies, proportions and presented using tables. Association between independent and dependent variables was assessed using Chi square test (X2) for bivariate analysis in SPSS IBM version 20. Results Of the 356 participants, the study had 57.3% of the participants from KIU and 42.7% were from MUST. The study found that university students who had ever self-tested were 43.2 Socio demographic variables associated with utilization of HIV self-testing were the student’s year of study (p = 0.007), having a sexual partner (p = 0.012), and place of residence (p = 0.000). Conclusions The study demonstrates low levels of utilization of HIV self-testing among University students in association with a number of factors that include how they are aware towards HIV self-testing, places of their residence, having a sexual partner. Key words: HIV, self-testing, University, students, factors associated

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Prevalence of and factors associated with polypharmacy among elderly persons resident in the community

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562017020.160086 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 138-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Natália Araujo de Almeida ◽

Annelita Almeida Oliveira Reiners ◽

Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza Azevedo ◽

Ageo Mário Cândido da Silva ◽

Joana Darc Chaves Cardoso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Condition ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Significance Level ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Objective: to verify the prevalence of and factors associated with polypharmacy among elderly residents of the city of Cuiabá, in the state of Mato Grosso. Method: a cross-sectional study of 573 people aged 60 and over was performed. Polypharmacy was defined as the use of five or more medications. To investigate the association between polypharmacy and sociodemographic variables, health and access to medication, the Mantel Haenszel chi square test was used in bivariate analysis and Poisson regression was used in multivariate analysis. The significance level adopted was 5%. Result: the prevalence of polypharmacy was 10.30%. Statistically significant associations were found between polypharmacy and living with others, describing suffering from circulatory, endocrine, nutritional and digestive tract diseases, and referring to financial difficulties for the purchase of medicines. Conclusion: some social and health condition factors play an important role in the use of multiple medications among the elderly.

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Factors Affecting Compliance Paying BPJS Kesehatan Mandiri in Road Care Patients in Hospitals

Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences ◽

10.37231/myjas.2020.5.2.260 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 90-99

Author(s):

SRI HANDAYANI

Keyword(s):

Health Program ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Predetermined Time

Compliance is consistency or inconsistency to instructions or rules. Compliance in paying dues means the behavior of someone to pay dues appropriately based on a predetermined time. In Kota Solok, 5,758 (61%) did not have compliance in paying contributions. The irregularity of JKN participants in paying dues will have an impact on the guarantee of health services in available health facilities, one of which is the Level IV Hospital of Solok City in collaboration with BPJS Health. This study aims to determine the factors associated with compliance paying independent BPJS contributions to outpatients at Level IV Hospital in Solok City. This type of research is a quantitative study using a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were patients participating in the BPJS Mandiri who visited the Outpatient Installation of Level IV Hospital in Solok City with an average of 77 visitors each month. The samples in this study were 64 samples taken using the accidental sampling method. Data analysis performed was univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square test. Based on the results of the study note that of 64 respondents there are 64.1% who are compliant in paying BPJS Health contributions independently. Variables related to compliance paying dues in outpatients at Level IV Hospital in Solok City were education (p=0.002), employment (p=0.002), income (p=0.004), knowledge (p=0.002), perception (p=0.019) and motivation (p=0.039). Suggestions to BPJS Health to provide socialization or information to BPJS Health participants about the BPJS Health Program from the time of payment, method of payment, and sanctions for delinquent payments.

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Primary headache and factors associated in university students: a cross sectional study

ABCS Health Sciences ◽

10.7322/abcshs.2020005.1793 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. e021207

Author(s):

Alberto de Vitta ◽

Rangel dal Bello Biancon ◽

Guilherme Porfírio Cornélio ◽

Thiago Paulo Frascareli Bento ◽

Nicoly Machado Maciel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Electronic Devices ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Female Gender ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Primary Headaches ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sitting Posture

Introduction: Primary headaches, defined as disorders in themselves caused by independent pathomechanisms and not by other disorders, are prevalent in university students and considered one important health problems in the world. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of primary headaches and analyze associations with sociodemographic characteristics and the use of electronic devices by university students. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study analysis was carried out with a sample of 1,143 students of both genders who responded to the questionnaire on demographic, socioeconomic aspects, use of electronic devices, and on the primary headaches. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and Poisson regression were performed. Results: The overall prevalence of primary headache of 60.7%, being that, in relation to the type, 33.2% presented tension-type headache, 54.3% migraine, and 12.3% other types of headache. Regression analysis showed that female gender and income of up to two minimum wages were associated with primary headache and migraine type. The primary headache was associated with subjects of the white race; watching television and playing video games for more than 3 hours per day, for example. The sitting posture, semi-lying down, and distance from the eyes to the mobile phone and tablet longer than 20 cm were associated with primary headache and the three types of headaches. Conclusion: The results allow us to conclude that there is a high prevalence of primary headaches in college students and that socioeconomic factors related to the use of electronic devices are associated with the presence of primary headaches.

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Sleep Quality and Its Correlates among Adolescents of Western Nepal: A Population-Based Study

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2021/5590715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Prayas Gautam ◽

Maginsh Dahal ◽

Kushalata Baral ◽

Rohit Acharya ◽

Sudip Khanal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Students ◽

Falling Asleep ◽

Use Of Internet

Sleep quality has a long-term impact on health leading to depression among adolescent students. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of sleep quality and its associated factors among adolescents of western, Nepal. 514 adolescents from different schools were selected by the probability proportionate to size (PPS) method. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality among adolescents. The collected data were entered in EpiData 3.2 version, then extracted to excel 2019 and was analyzed with the help of RStudio (version 1.2.5033). Frequency distribution and percentage were identified as descriptive analysis whereas chi-square test was done. Variables that were found statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) were further analyzed using the logistic regression model. The prevalence of sleep quality in this study was 39.1%. In a bivariate analysis, ethnicity, religion, place of residence, drinking status of father, reason for selecting the currently studying faculty, satisfaction with academic performance, use of tobacco, relationship with friends or classmates, more use of internet per day, and use of internet before falling asleep were found to be statistically significant with sleep quality. Those students who left their home without informing their parents were more than three times at the risk of sleep quality than those students who never ran away from their home without informing their parents ( AOR = 3.435 , CI: 1.237-9.540). The overall prevalence of sleep quality among school going adolescent students was 39.1 percent which was comparatively high.

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Prevalence and factors associated with self medication with antibiotics among University students in Moshi Kilimanjaro Tanzania

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v21i2.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 633-639

Author(s):

Bernard Baltazary Chuwa ◽

Linna Abraham Njau ◽

Kaizali Ivo Msigwa ◽

Elichilia Shao

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

University Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Medication ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Antibiotic Drug

Background: Self medication is a common practice of using medicines without a medical supervision by the people them- selves. Self medication is likely to happen when people feel unwell, it is worse in the population with poor helth seeking be- havior. Therefore it is important to assess the prevalence and factors associated with self medication with antibiotics among University students in Moshi, Kilimanjaro Tanzania. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from April-August 2019 at two Universities in Moshi, including one med- ical and one non medical. The study population were undergraduate students aged 18 and above, A self-filled questionnaire was used for data collection and data analyzed using the SPSS version 16 and association was tested using chi square. Results: Out 374 students enrolled 187 from each University, 126 were female and 248 were male with age ranging from 19 to 35 years with mean age of 23.91 years. The prevalence of self medication with antibiotics was 57% and the most com- mon used antibiotics was amoxicillin with prevalence of 32.08%. The common reported symptoms/diseases were headache (31.02%) followed by malaria and coughing with prevalence of 15.24% and 10.96% respectively. The commonest reasons of self medication reported to be emergency illness (38.77%) and delaying of hospital services (24.33%). The commonest effects reported among respondents which practiced self medication with antibiotics were worsening of the condition that they were suffering in (4.55%) and body rashes (2.67).There was no significant difference between self medication practices among medical and non medical students(p = 0.676). Conclusion: The prevalence of self medication with antibiotics was high among University students and there is no signif- icant difference in both medical and non medical students. The most feared outcome on self medication with antibiotics is antibiotic drug resistance which leads to treatment failure along with high financial costs and increase mortality rate following microbial infections. Keywords: Self-medication; antibiotics; University students; Moshi; Tanzania.

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Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of JUMC

Current Hypertension Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573402115666191121120228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Bekalu Getachew Gebreegziabher ◽

Tesema Etefa Birhanu ◽

Diriba Dereje Olana ◽

Behailu Terefe Tesfaye

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Stroke Unit ◽

Medical Center ◽

Data Entry ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Stroke Subtypes

Background: Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. According to reports, in-hospital stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, in this country researches done on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate. Objective: To assess the Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke sub-types among patients admitted to JUMC. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. Checklist comprising of relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was used to point-out association and difference among stroke sub-types. The data was presented using text, tables and figures. Result: From a total of 106 patients, 67(63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 years, and no significant association was found. Of all the patients, 59(55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47(44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factor in the patients was alcohol use with a prevalence of 69.9%. Of all the risk factors, only sex, cigarettes smoking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated to sub-types of stroke. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke. Sex of patient, cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with the two stroke subtypes.

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Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kinerja Tenaga Kesehatan Di Rawat INAP RSUD Batusangkar

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v3i3.3005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 440

Author(s):

Sri Handayani ◽

Puteri Fannya ◽

Putri Nazofah

Keyword(s):

Health Personnel ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Philippines ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Master Level

Based on data from the Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2015, In Indonesia, new professional nurses were just 2% of the total nurses. This figure was much lower than the Philippines which has reached 40% with bachelor and master level as their education. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, and leadership with the performance of health personnel. The design of this research was analytical research with Cross Sectional Study. The population in this study was all nurses and doctors who served in the internal room, children, surgery and midwifery. Sampling using total sampling by questionnaires. The data was processed by univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test. The result showed that 57,8% nurses had poor performance, 56,3% doctors had poor performance, 64,4% nurses had average age 26-35 years, 56,2% doctors had average age 36-45 years, 64.4% nurses have poor leadership, and 50.0% of doctors have less good leadership. There is a relationship between age and leadership with the performance of health personnel. Berdasarkan data kemenkes RI tahun 2015 jumlah tenaga kesehatan terbanyak yaitu perawat sebanyak 147.264 orang (45,65%). Di Indonesia, perawat profesional baru mencapai 2% dari total perawat yang ada. Angka ini jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Filipina yang sudah mencapai 40% dengan pendidikan strata satu dan dua. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian analitik dengan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua perawat dan dokter. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data diolah dengan analisis univariat menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 57,8% perawat memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 56,3% dokter memiliki kinerja kurang baik, 64,4% perawat memiliki umur rata-rata 26-35 tahun 64,4%, 56,2% dokter memiliki umur rata-rata 36-45 tahun, 64,4% perawat memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik, 50,0% dokter memiliki kepemimpinan kurang baik. Terdapat hubungan antara umur dan kepemimpinan dengan kinerja tenaga kesehatan.

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Prevalence of Insomnia and Factors Associated with it Among the Elderly People of Sarangdanda VDC in Panchthar District

Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology ◽

10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4517 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 129-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raj Kumar Subedi

Keyword(s):

Elderly People ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Interview Schedule ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Keywords Alcohol ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Restorative Sleep

Insomnia is one of the major and unsolved problems in older people. Most of the sleep studies report that the different forms of insomnia like Difficulty Initiating Sleep (DIS), Difficulty Maintaining Sleep (DMS) and Non-Restorative Sleep (NRS) are common among the elderly that are associated to many factors. The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of insomnia and the factors associated to it among the elderly people. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 142 elderly people of and above 60 years of age in Sarangdanda VDC of Panchthar District of Eastern Nepal. The presence or absence of insomnia and the associated factors were assessed on them by the help of interview schedule. The results were analyzed using chi-square test in SPSS (version 11.5). DMS was the most common reported form of insomnia among the elderly followed by DIS and NRS. Association between insomnia and each of factors like use of tobacco before sleeping hours, eating too close to bedtime, use of tea/coffee before sleeping hours and use of alcohol before sleeping hours were statistically significant at 95% level of confidence. Insomnia affects a large proportion of elderly and is triggered by many factors like use of tobacco before sleeping hours, use of tea/coffee before sleeping hours, eating too close to bedtime and use of alcohol before sleeping hours. Keywords: Alcohol; tea/coffee; difficulty initiating sleep (DIS); difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS); non-restorative sleep (NRS); tobacco DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4517 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.4 2010 pp.129-142

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Neuroenhancement in French and Romanian University Students, Motivations and Associated Factors

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18083880 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 3880

Author(s):

Irina Brumboiu ◽

Alessandro Porrovecchio ◽

Thierry Peze ◽

Remy Hurdiel ◽

Irina Cazacu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Prescription Drugs ◽

Drugs Of Abuse ◽

Beta Blockers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Attitudes And Beliefs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Anonymous Questionnaire ◽

Students Attitudes

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the use of neuroenhancers, the motivations and factors associated with their use in French and Romanian university students. Students from two universities in France (Rouen and Opal Coast University) and one in Romania (Cluj-Napoca) were asked to complete a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, either online or on paper, about the use of three different categories of substance: Prescription drugs (methylphenidate, modafinil, and beta-blockers), drugs of abuse (alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and amphetamines), and soft enhancers (coffee, vitamins, caffeine tablets, and energy drinks). In total, 1110 students were included: The users were 2.2% for prescription drugs, 4.3% for drugs of abuse, and 55.0% for soft enhancers. Students used neuroenhancement to stay awake for study (69.3%), to improve concentration (55.5%), to decrease stress (40.9%), and to improve memory (39.6%). Neuroenhancement was considered to meet expectations by 74.4% of users. The factors associated with the use of drugs of abuse were frequent binge drinking (Adjusted Odds Ratio—AOR: 6.49 [95% CI: 2.53–16.6]), smoking (AOR: 5.50 [95% CI: 2.98–10.14]), having a student job (AOR: 2.42 [95% CI 1.13–5.17]), and being male (AOR: 2.23 [95% CI:1.21–4.11]). No significant associations with eating disorders were detected for any of the three categories of substances. University students reported neuroenhancement with prescription drugs, drugs of abuse, and mainly soft enhancers. These substances were used mainly to increase the waking hours. Educational programs in universities seem to be required in order to increase student awareness of the problems caused by neuroenhancements, and to decrease the associated risks by changing students’ attitudes and beliefs.

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Assessing Knowledge and Perception Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance in University Students of Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10070866 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 866

Author(s):

Iltaf Hussain ◽

Nisa Yousaf ◽

Sana Haider ◽

Pervisha Jalil ◽

Muhammad Usman Saleem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

University Students ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dosing Regimen ◽

Student Knowledge ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

The irrational use of antimicrobials has enormously contributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally and especially in the developing world. To assess the knowledge and perception regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in university students enrolled in pharmacy, veterinary, and biology programs by using an online self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square and Fisher exact tests (where applicable) were performed to assess the association of the demographics with the students’ knowledge and perception regarding AMR and AMS. A total of 496 students completed the questionnaire, among which, 85.7% of the participants were familiar with the term AMR and 79.4% of the participants correctly identified a poorly designed dosing regimen as a contributing factor towards AMR. The majority of participants (57.9%) were familiar with the term AMS and 86.5% were aware of the aim of AMS. The participants showed good knowledge regarding AMR and AMS, but to further improve student knowledge and perception of AMS and AMR, it is suggested that dedicated modules on antibiotic use and AMS should be incorporated into the curricula of these undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

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