scholarly journals Governing the Outer Islands: Decentralisation in Kiribati and Tuvalu

2009 ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Outer Island ◽  
Specific Project ◽  
Country Specific

For over a decade the governments of Kiribati and Tuvalu have adopted decentralisation policies to strengthen the role of local-level authorities in development. This can be seen as a response to both domestic policy drivers and global trends. However, while Kiribati and Tuvalu share a common past and many of the same development issues, the decentralisation process has taken distinct paths in the two countries. This paper takes stock of the Kiribati and Tuvalu experience, drawing on research, country-specific project evaluations and practitioner perspectives. It focuses on local governance at the outer island level and examines three dimensions of the decentralisation process: policy drivers; central-local relations; and integration of traditional and modern institutions of governance.

scholarly journals Local Governance Collaboration Model For Preserving Marine Ecosystem In The Coastal Area of Nusa Lembongan Island, Klungkung Regency, Bali

2019 ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani ◽  
I Made Kusna Antara ◽  
Nyoman Diah Utari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Collaboration Model ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Traditional Institutions

The marine ecosystem on the coast of Nusa Lembongan is one of the tourist attractions such as coral reefs, mangrove forests and others. The high number of tourist visiting the island also impacts tourism facilities. Increased tourism also has the opportunity to damage the marine ecosystem. Therefore needs a collaboration among stakeholders in maintaining the sustainability of the marine ecosystem                . The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze also to find a collaborative model of stakeholders such as government, private sector, community and traditional institutions in preserving the marine ecosystem in Nusa Lembongan. The research is using a qualitative descriptive approach with determining informants technic is purposive sampling. Local government collaboration model in conserving marine ecosystems by strengthening the role of stakeholders at the local level such as: 1) signing memorandum of understanding for creating regional regulations as a policy of the Klungkung Regency; 2) writing in to a local wisdom (awig-awig) as a local policy of the local wisdom institutions (adat); 3) writing into the policy of the tour operator; 4) implement the Tri Hita Karana concept and creating a memorandum of understanding for all parties.

scholarly journals Ma Kahana ka ‘Ike: Lessons for Community-Based Fisheries Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Montgomery ◽  
Mehana Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Hawaiian Island ◽  
Institutional Fit ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Changing Role

Indigenous and place-based communities worldwide have self-organized to develop effective local-level institutions to conserve biocultural diversity. How communities maintain and adapt these institutions over time offers lessons for fostering more balanced human–environment relationships—an increasingly critical need as centralized governance systems struggle to manage declining fisheries. In this study, we focus on one long-enduring case of local level fisheries management, in Kahana, on the most populated Hawaiian island of O‘ahu. We used a mixed-methods approach including in-depth interviews, archival research, and participation in community gatherings to understand how relationships with place and local governance have endured despite changes in land and sea tenure, and what lessons this case offers for other communities engaged in restoring local-level governance. We detail the changing role of konohiki (head fishermen) in modern times (1850–1965) when they were managing local fisheries, not just for local subsistence but for larger commercial harvests. We also highlight ways in which families are reclaiming their role as caretakers following decades of state mismanagement. Considerations for fisheries co-management emerging from this research include the importance of (1) understanding historical contexts for enhancing institutional fit, (2) enduring community leadership, (3) balancing rights and responsibilities, and (4) fostering community ability to manage coastal resources through both formal and informal processes.

''Compulsory'' Migration Governance at Local Level: The Case of İstanbul

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-990
Author(s):  
Elif Topal Demiroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
The Common ◽  
Governance Arrangements

This article focuses on the increasing role of cities and local governments in migration governance through following the increasing “local turn” approach in migration studies in recent years. Turkey, which has a long immigration history and by far the largest immigration population of the country with massive Syrian immigration which started in particular in 2011, cities and local governments have developed different local governance arrangements by which they are trying to produce answers to the diversity brought about by immigration. Local responses differ in terms of scope, actor, approach and method. In this study, how and why the municipalities produce different responses are discussed in the context of the role of the municipalities and the common methods that local responses share despite the same legal framework and being a part of Istanbul metropolitan area. Thus, based on the analysis of the field study conducted in six districts of Istanbul, it has been revealed that the answers given to migration and immigrants are shaped in the context of a high informality and compulsory governance.

Structure of the Local Tiers in Germany

2016 ◽  
pp. 51-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Franzke
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Long Term Trends

This chapter analyses basic long-term trends in local governance in Germany in their functional, political, territorial and administrative dimensions. The traditions and legal framework of German local self-government form the starting point of the chapter. Subsequently, the role of the local level in the German federal system and the level of its autonomy are analysed. After that, the most important political-administrative actors in local governance examines, such as councilors, mayors, local administration, local branches of political parties and free voters associations. In describing the long-term trends and challenges in German local politics, special attention is paid to local public management, local democracy and citizen participation. Finally, the chapter ends with a summary of the most important aspects of the development of the municipalities and districts in Germany and with a view towards further reform.

scholarly journals Mining Sector Under New Law of Decentralization: A Lesson from Some Districts in Central Java Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Kholid Alfirdaus
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Mining Policy ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Policy Domain ◽  
The People ◽  
Central Java Province

Under the new law of decentralization, namely Law No. 14/2014 on Local Governance, the national government shifts the governance of three main sectors related to natural resources from being city or regency’s authority to be the provincial government’s domain. This paper discusses possible advantages and drawbacks of the law in local level in the mining sector. This paper compares cases in Kebumen, Pati and Rembang in Central Java province to see the complexities of mining policy prior and after the issuance of the new law based on document analysis and interviews with local government apparatus and people concerned with mining issue in the local areas. While Law No. 4/2009 on non-oil mining strongly asserts the role of the district government, Law No. 14/2014 asserts that mining sector together with marine/fisheries and forest policy no longer become regency’s policy domain. They are withdrawn to be the provincial government’s authority. The former law was issued to respond to the strengthening demand of decentralization from the local regions but then was proven to merely result in the rising of new oligarchs in local mining governance. The later was meant to be a revision for the past. Yet, after about four years implemented, it is not free from other potentials of problems and complexities. Learning from the stagnancy of the mining problems in Central Java, it is clear that clarifying each government institution’s roles, and strengthening inclusion from the people are crucial.

The Role of Local Governing Bodies in the Management of Heritage Agricultural Landscapes: Italian Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 245592962110032
Author(s):  
Dana Salpina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Governance Models ◽  
Depth Interviews

The increasing interest in the protection of the agricultural landscape as a category of heritage can be observed both in the growing number of globally recognized agricultural landscapes and in the development of new legal and institutional tools for their protection. The multifunctionality of agriculture, involving the multiplicity of interests and actors, engenders the questions of how and who manages the heritage agricultural landscapes at the local level? The research aims to provide an empirical model for the identification and evaluation of the local governance models used in the management of multifunctional agricultural landscapes. It focuses on two heritage agricultural landscapes in Italy and bases on field observations, semi-structured in-depth interviews with the local stakeholders and comparative analysis of the case studies. The research draws the map of interaction between the local stakeholders. It outlines the crucial role played by the local governing bodies in the management of heritage agricultural landscapes, involving several administrative and sociocultural units.

scholarly journals Place, power and leadership: Insights from mayoral governance and leadership innovation in Bristol, UK

Leadership ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174271502110281
Author(s):  
Robin Hambleton ◽  
David Sweeting ◽  
Thom Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Leadership Studies ◽  
Urban Leadership ◽  
Civic Leadership ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

This article aims to enhance understanding of the role of place in urban leadership by examining the way leadership changed significantly following the introduction of mayoral governance into a UK city. In 2012, 10 cities in England held referendums to decide whether to introduce a directly elected mayor model of leadership. Bristol was the only city to vote in favour of this radical change, and the Bristol Civic Leadership Project, set up before the first mayor was elected in November 2012, was designed to discover what differences the directly elected mayor model might make to the leadership and governance of a city. This article addresses two important questions: (1) Does the institutional design of local governance in a place influence leadership effectiveness? (2) How, if at all, do the leadership styles of the individual elected as mayor affect the quality of place-based governance? The article identifies three main reasons why place is important in public policy – expression of identity, strengthening democracy and enhancing governmental effectiveness – and considers how the leadership innovations in Bristol engage with these three dimensions of place. As well as presenting evidence documenting how bold civic leadership has transformed the governance of a particular British city, the article contributes to leadership studies by exploring the relationships between place, power and leadership.

Thoughts on the Long-Term Strategy, Science and Democracy

2006 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Abalkin
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Development ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
World Development ◽  
Crucial Condition

The article covers unified issues of the long-term strategy development, the role of science as well as democracy development in present-day Russia. The problems of budget proficit, the Stabilization Fund issues, implementation of the adopted national projects, an increasing role of regions in strengthening the integrity and prosperity of the country are analyzed. The author reveals that the protection of businessmen and citizens from the all-embracing power of bureaucrats is the crucial condition of democratization of the society. Global trends of the world development and expert functions of the Russian science are presented as well.

The role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy as a result of ART

2016 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
B.M. Ventskivskiy ◽  
◽  
I.V. Poladych ◽  
S.O. Avramenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
System Level ◽  
Premature Labor ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of multiple pregnancies and the associated perinatal losses. It is a result of multiple pregnancy in ART refers to a high-risk gestation, at which premature births occur in 2 times more often than in singleton pregnancies. The objective: to determine the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Patients and methods. to determine the pro-inflammatory cytokines that all pregnant with bagtopliddyam held immunosorbent assay, defined concentrations of interleukin (IL) in serum and cervical mucus. Results. The analysis of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-8) in the test environment, found high concentrations in the surveyed women with multiple pregnancy, due to the use of ART, compared with spontaneous multiple and singleton pregnancy. Increased concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with multiple pregnancy by ART is associated with their synthesis at the system level, it stimulated foci of inflammation in the female genitals and extragenital localization. This correlates with the clinical data and statistical analysis, patients with multiple pregnancy as a result of ART had weighed infectious-inflammatory history. Conclusion. The study showed that elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the systemic and local level in patients with multiple pregnancy due to ART, typical for women with miscarriage, because of the physiological course of pregnancy characterized by the predominance of anti-inflammatory cytokines that prevent rejection of the fetus as a foreign factor. Based on the data obtained proved the role of systemic inflammatory factors in the genesis of preterm labor in women with a multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Key words: multiple pregnancy, assisted reproductive technology, premature birth, interleukine-1, interleukine-8.

Role of Self Help Groups A Study with Specific Reference to Vellore District

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Dr. M.A. Bilal Ahmed ◽  
Dr. S. Thameemul Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Role ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Help Groups

SHG is a movement which came to being in the early 1969. Prof. Muhammed Younus, a great economist of Bangladesh took initiative in setting up Self Help Groups and these SHGs were gradually spread all over the world. This social movement unites the people hailing from poor background. Those who are joining this group feel socially and economically responsible to one another. In India, there are some likeminded bodies and stakeholders of some government organizations play pivotal role towards the formation of SHG In this research article, role of SHGs in Vellore district is studies under the three dimensions of Cognitive role, leadership role and role towards entrepreneurship.

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