scholarly journals Enrichment of Protein Content in Rice-Based Dried Distillers’ Grain from Food-Ethanol Factory by Chemical Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Precipitate Protein ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
By Products

Dried distillers’ grain (DDG) from rice-based alcohol factories contains relatively high protein (ca. 79% of dry matter). However, this vegetative protein source has only been used for animal feeding. To enhance the value of this by-product, i.e. toward application for the food industry, this study has applied different approaches for the enrichment of protein content in this by-products. These approaches were either using solvents to directly extract and precipitate protein or removing non-protein components in rice-based DDG. The results showed that the direct extraction and precipitation of protein was not effective as the removal of non-protein components. The use of NaOH 10 mM has increased protein content up to 87% of dry matter by washing out the non-protein components such as starch from DDG. Preliminary, the protein-enriched DDG was used up to 15% as an ingredient for cookies without negative effect on the taste or color of this product.

Comparison of wheat-based dried distillers’ grain with solubles to barley as an energy source for backgrounding cattle

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. McKinnon ◽  
A. M. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
By Products

Replacement of barley grain with wheat-based dried distillers’ (DDGS) grain with solubles at 25 and 50% of the total ration dry matter increased average daily gain and gain efficiency of backgrounding steers. No differences in dry matter intake or composition of gain were observed. The results of this trial indicate that barley grain can be replaced by wheat-based DDGS at up to 50% of the diet dry matter in backgrounding rations without any adverse effects on cattle performance. The economics of feeding DDGS at these levels would depend on availability and price relative to barley and other cereal grains. Key words: Dried distillers' grain, beef cattle, feedlot, ethanol, by-products

A comprehensive survey on the occurrence of mycotoxins in maize dried distillers' grain and solubles sourced worldwide

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rodrigues ◽  
L. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alternative Ingredients ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
By Products

As cereal and protein sources suffer a price increase worldwide, the use of alternative ingredients in feeds has become increasingly appealing to the animal industry. Dried distillers' grain and solubles (DDGS) have been one of the ingredients which demand has dramatically increased over the last few years. In fact, the supply of maize DDGS is expected to increase to about 38.6 mmt by 2019-2020. The presence of mycotoxins in these by-products has been a matter of concern raised by their ubiquitous use. A rule of thumb typically used in the field is that the concentration of mycotoxins in the final by-product is about three times higher than that of the original raw material, which may be scientifically backed up by the fact that the remaining portions within the by-product are those which had a higher concentration of mycotoxins (outer portions of the grain). This paper is the outcome of a five-year study during which a total of 409 maize DDGS samples sourced worldwide were analysed for the mycotoxins of major importance which cause the great negative impacts in animal performance and health: aflatoxins (a sum of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2), zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, a sum fumonisins B1 and B2 and ochratoxin A. From the total of samples tested, only 2% of the analysed DDGS showed contamination levels below the limit of detection (negative samples). 6% of samples had the presence of 1 mycotoxin only and the majority (92% of the samples) was contaminated with 2 or more mycotoxins.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE INCORPORATION OF REJECTS OF CASHEW NUTKERNELS IN SOWFEED ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 794-798
Author(s):  
Yao Koffisylvanus Aubert ◽  
◽  
Brou Gboko Konan Gatien ◽  
Kadjo Vincent ◽  
Kimse Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large White ◽  
Food Ration ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Set Up ◽  
By Products

In order to obtain more and more resistantpigletsduring lactation, thisexperimentwas set up. Its objective was to assess the quality of the milkproduced by the sowafter the use of new agricultural by-products in the feeding of lactatingsows.Thus, downgradedalmondswereintroducedinto the diets.Three types wereformulated and tested on threeseparate lots of 10 sows [(Large White x Pietrain) X (Landrace x Duroc)] each.Thesedietsconsisted of 0, 6 and 9% downgradedalmonds. Releases of cashew kernels in the food ration had no significanteffect on the dry matter, protein content of colostrum 1, 2, 3 and milk.In contrast, the use of 9% cashew kernelrejectssignificantlyincreased (P <0.05) the proportions of lipid in colostrums and in milk.The lipid contents increased by 1.07% 1.01% 1.05% and 1.10% respectively for colostrums 1, 2, 3 and milk. Thesehigherlipid proportions couldincrease the organicenergylevel of piglets and makethem more resistant to microbialattack.

Impact of prolonged cold exposure on dry matter intake and enteric methane emissions of beef cows overwintered on low-quality forage diets with and without supplemented wheat and corn dried distillers’ grain with solubles

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Bernier ◽  
M. Undi ◽  
J. C. Plaizier ◽  
K. M. Wittenberg ◽  
G. R. Donohoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
Neutral Conditions ◽  
Enteric Methane Emissions

Bernier, J. N., Undi, M., Plaizier, J. C., Wittenberg, K. M., Donohoe, G. R. and Ominski, K. H. 2012. Impact of prolonged cold exposure on dry matter intake and enteric methane emissions of beef cows overwintered on low-quality forage diets with and without supplemented wheat and corn dried distillers’ grain with solubles. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 493–500. This study was conducted to determine the impact of prolonged cold exposure on dry matter intake (DMI) and enteric methane (CH4) emissions of overwintering beef cows consuming low-quality forage with and without supplemented protein in the form of dried distillers’ grain with solubles (DDGS). The study was carried out with 30 mature, dry, open beef cows (663±52.9 kg) that were fed a low-quality (deficient CP, 6.0% CP) forage (control), low-quality forage supplemented with 10% DDGS (sufficient CP, 8.7% CP; DDGS10) or 20% DDGS (excess CP, 11.6% CP; DDGS20). Carrying out the study from October through February allowed assessment under thermal neutral and prolonged cold conditions typical of the prairie region of Canada (Manitoba, Alberta and Saskatchewan). Average minimum and maximum daily temperatures were 2.7 and 13.8°C in the thermal neutral period, and –23.5 and −11.0°C in the prolonged cold period, respectively. When no protein supplements were offered, cows exposed to prolonged cold consumed less (P=0.01) forage than when exposed to thermal neutral conditions. Enteric CH4 emissions, when measured as litres per day, were not influenced (P>0.05) by dietary protein supplementation, averaging 285.6±11.71, 311.9±11.49 and 282.6±13.02 L d−1 for cows fed control, DDGS10, and DDGS20 diets, respectively. When expressed as a percentage of energy consumed, cows consuming low-quality forage supplemented with 20% DDGS produced 18.5% less (P=0.01) enteric CH4 relative to cows consuming the low-quality forage only, with emissions of 5.3±0.38 and 6.5±0.33% GEI, respectively. Mature beef cows maintained at the same physiological status and dietary regime produced 26.8% less (P=0.001) enteric CH4 (7.1±0.30 vs. 5.2±0.26% GEI) under prolonged cold as compared with thermal neutral conditions. Based on these results, enteric CH4 emissions for the Canadian cow herd that is overwintered outdoors may be overestimated using current International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology.

scholarly journals Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Susu Melalui Penambahan Tepung Ceker Ayam dengan Persentase yang Berbeda dalam Ransum Kambing Peranakan Etawah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-246
Author(s):  
Masitah Masitah ◽  
Cut Intan Novita ◽  
Dzarnisa Araby
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
By Products

Abstrak. Kambing Peranakan Etawah salah satu penghasil susu yang tinggi. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan menekan biaya produksi diupayakan dengan pemberian pakan aditif berupa ceker ayam. Ceker ayam merupakan salah satu produk sampingan (by product) yang dihasilkan dari Rumah Potong Ayam (RPA) yang kurang diminati masyarakat Aceh sebagai bahan makanan layaknya daerah-daerah lain di Indonesia, sehingga diperlukan upaya pemanfaatannya sebagai pakan tambahan bagi ternak. Tahap penelitian dimulai dari tahap persiapan, pemberian pakan dan tahap pengambilan data. Perlakuannya terdiri dari (kontrol tanpa penambahan tepung ceker ayam), (penambahan tepung ceker ayam sebanyak 2,5%), (penambahan tepung ceker ayam sebanyak 5%), (penambahan tepung ceker ayam sebanyak 7,5%). dan (penambahan tepung ceker ayam sebanyak 10%). Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri 5 perlakuan dengan 3 kelompok. Pengelompokannya berdasarkan berat badan dari tenak Kambing Peranakan Etawah. Parameter yang diamati ialah pengukuran bahan kering, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar laktosa dan pH susu kambing Peranakan Etawah. Hasil analisis sidik ragam pada penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa penambahan tepung ceker dalam ransum kambing Peranakan Etawah sangat berpengaruh nyata (P0,01) terhadap kadar bahan kering, kadar protein, kadar lemak dan kadar laktosa, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap pH.Efforts to improve the milk quality through the addition of chicken claw flour with different percentage on rations of etawah goat breedAbstract. The Goat of the Etawah Breed is one of the highest milk producers. To increase productivity and reduce production costs sought by feeding additives in the form of chicken claws. Chicken ceker is one of the by-products produced by Chicken Slaughterhouse (RPA) which is less attractive to the Acehnese as a food ingredient like other regions in Indonesia, so that the utilization of it is needed as an additional feed for livestock. The research phase starts from the preparation, feeding and data collection stages. The treatment consists of ( (control without addition of chicken claw flour), ( (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 2.5%), ( (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 5%), ( (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 7.5%). and R4 (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 10%). The research design used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of 5 treatments with 3 groups. The grouping is based on the body weight of the Etawah Breed Goat cattle. The parameters observed were measurements of dry matter, protein content, fat content, lactose content and pH of milk of Etawah Breeds goats. The results of variance analysis in the study showed that the addition of chilli flour in the ration of Etawah Breeders goats was very significant (P 0.01) on the levels of dry matter, protein content, fat content and lactose content, but did not significantly influence (P 0.05) on pH.Abstract. The Goat of the Etawah Breed is one of the highest milk producers.To increase productivity and reduce production costs sought by feeding additives in the form of chicken claws.Chicken ceker is one of the by-products produced by Chicken Slaughterhouse (RPA) which is less attractive to the Acehnese as a food ingredient like other regions in Indonesia,so that the utilization of it is needed as an additional feed for livestock.The research phase starts from the preparation, feeding and data collection stages.The treatment consists of ( (control without addition of chicken claw flour),( (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 2.5%), ( (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 5%), ( (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 7.5%).and R4 (addition of chicken claw flour as much as 10%).The research design used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of 5 treatments with 3 groups.The grouping is based on the body weight of the Etawah Breed Goat cattle.The parameters observed were measurements of dry matter, protein content, fat content, lactose content and pH of milk of Etawah Breeds goats.The results of variance analysis in the study showed that the addition of chilli flour in the ration of Etawah Breeders goats was very significant (P 0.01) on the levels of dry matter, protein content,fat content and lactose content, but did not significantly influence (P 0.05) on pH. 

scholarly journals Physicochemical characterisation of kafirins extracted from sorghum grain and dried distillers grain with solubles related to their biomaterial functionality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umar Shah ◽  
Deepak Dwivedi ◽  
Mark Hackett ◽  
Hani Al-Salami ◽  
Ranjeet P. Utikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Sorghum Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
Polypeptide Profile

AbstractKafirin, the hydrophobic prolamin storage protein in sorghum grain is enriched when the grain is used for bioethanol production to give dried distillers grain with solubles (DGGS) as a by-product. There is great interest in DDGS kafirin as a new source for biomaterials. There is however a lack of fundamental understanding of how the physicochemical properties of DDGS kafirin having been exposed to the high temperature conditions during ethanol production, compare to kafirin made directly from the grain. An understanding of these properties is required to catalyse the utilisation of DDGS kafirin for biomaterial applications. The aim of this study was to extract kafirin directly from sorghum grain and from DDGS derived from the same grain and, then perform a comparative investigation of the physicochemical properties of these kafirins in terms of: polypeptide profile by sodium-dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; secondary structure by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction, self-assembly behaviour by small-angle x-ray scattering, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy and surface chemical properties by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. DDGS kafirin was found to have very similar polypeptide profile as grain kafirin but contained altered secondary structure with increased levels of β-sheets. The structure morphology showed surface fractals and surface elemental composition suggesting enhanced reactivity with possibility to endow interfacial wettability. These properties of DDGS kafirin may provide it with unique functionality and thus open up opportunities for it to be used as a novel food grade biomaterial.

scholarly journals 71 Effects of timing of supplementation during late gestation in Bos indicus-influenced beef cows on post-weaning growth, immunity, and carcass characteristics of steer progeny

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 59-59
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Vinicius Gouvea ◽  
Rhaiza Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain

Abstract This study evaluated the growth, immunity, and carcass characteristics of beef steers born to cows offered dried distillers grains (DDG) at different timing during late gestation. Approximately 84 d before calving (d 0), 84 mature Brangus cows were stratified by BW and BCS (422 ± 42 kg; 5.0 ± 0.14) and allocated into 1 of 6 bahiagrass pastures (14 cows/pasture). Treatments were randomly assigned to pastures: 1) no prepartum supplementation (CON); 2) 1 kg/d DDG from d 0 to 84 (LATE84); or 3) 2 kg/d from d 0 to 42 (LATE42). Calves were weaned at 261 ± 23 d of age. At weaning, 38 steers were vaccinated against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV-1) and parainfluenza-3 (PI-3) and transported to a feedlot facility. Steers were penned according to cow prepartum pasture distribution and fed a similar diet until slaughter (d 587). Data were analyzed as complete randomized design using MIXED procedure of SAS, pasture as the experimental unit, treatment as fixed effect, and pasture(treatment) and steer(pasture) as random effects. Steer feedlot BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F did not differ (P ≥ 0.12) among treatments. Plasma haptoglobin concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.03) for LATE42 and LATE84 vs. CON steers 2 d after feedlot entry. Plasma cortisol and seroconversion for BVDV-1 and PI-3 did not differ (P ≥ 0.15) among treatments. The percentage of carcasses grading Choice did not differ (P = 0.13), but carcasses grading low Choice were greater (P = 0.03) for CON vs. LATE42, with LATE84 being intermediate (91, 40, and 58%, respectively). Thus, prepartum dried distillers grain supplementation to B. indicus-influenced cows did not enhance feedlot growth but had subtle positive impacts on carcass quality and innate immunity in steer progeny. In addition, timing of dried distillers grain supplementation (last 84 d vs. first 42 d of late gestation) did not impact steer post-weaning feedlot performance and carcass quality.

scholarly journals Composition and Nutritional Value of Acid Oils and Fatty Acid Distillates Used in Animal Feeding

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Elisa Varona ◽  
Alba Tres ◽  
Magdalena Rafecas ◽  
Stefania Vichi ◽  
Ana C. Barroeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Analytical Control ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
By Products

Acid oils (AO) and fatty acid distillates (FAD) are oil refining by-products rich in free fatty acids. The objective of this study is their characterization and the identification of their sources of variability so that they can be standardized to improve their use as feed ingredients. Samples (n=92) were collected from the Spanish market and the MIU value (sum of moisture, insoluble impurities, and unsaponifiable matter), lipid classes, fatty acid composition, and tocol content were analyzed. Their composition was highly variable even between batches from the same producer. As FAD originated from a distillation step, they showed higher free fatty acid amounts (82.5 vs 57.0 g/100 g, median values), whereas AO maintained higher proportions of moisture, polymers, tri-, di-, and monoacylglycerols. Overall, the MIU value was higher in AO (2.60–18.50 g/100 g in AO vs 0.63-10.44 g/100 g in FAD), with most of the contents of insoluble impurities being higher than those in the guidelines. Tocol and fatty acid composition were influenced by the crude oil’s botanical origin. The calculated dietary energy values were, in general, higher for AO and decreased when a MIU correction factor was applied. The analytical control and standardization of these by-products is of the outmost importance to revalorize them as feed ingredients.

22 Effects of Housing Cow-calf Pairs on Drylots vs Pasture on Calf Performance and Behavior Through Weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Megan Myerscough ◽  
Wes Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Corn Silage ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fence Line

Abstract The objectives were to analyze the effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots or pasture on calf performance and behavior through weaning. Simmental × Angus (2 yr; 108/yr; 81 ± 15.3 d postpartum) spring-calving cows were stratified by age, BW, BCS, and calf sex and allotted to six groups/yr. Groups were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST). Calves in the drylot had ad libitum access to a diet consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grain, corn stalks, dry rolled corn, and soybean hulls. Calves on PAST received creep feed three weeks prior to weaning. Calf BW was measured on d 0, 55, and 110. Calves were fence-line weaned on d 110. Behavior was observed for two days after weaning. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Drylot calves had greater (P &lt; 0.01) BW at d 55 and 110. There was treatment by time interactions (P &lt; 0.01) for lying and eating on d 111. More PAST calves were lying at h 2 and 3 and eating at h 11 and 12. More DL calves were lying at h 9, 10, 11, and 12. More DL calves were eating at h 2 and tended to at h 3. There was also a treatment by time interaction (P &lt; 0.01) for vocalizations on d 111. More PAST calves vocalized at h 1, however, DL calves vocalized more at h 4 and tended to at h 5. There was treatment by time interactions (P &lt; 0.01) for eating and walking on d 112. More DL calves were eating at h 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9. More PAST calves were walking at h 1 and 2. There was also a treatment by time interaction (P &lt; 0.01) for vocalizations on d 112. More PAST calves vocalized at h 1 and 10. In conclusion, housing cow-calf pairs in drylots improved preweaning performance and altered postweaning behavior.

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