Adolescent Humour and Its Relationship with Psychological Adjustment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Arif Ali ◽  
Maria Choudhary ◽  
Rini Gogoi ◽  
Nilesh Maruti Gujar
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Difficulty Score

Background: Adolescence is a transition phase towards adulthood. There is a correlation between humour and psychosocial adjustment. Aim: To assess the level of humour among adolescents and to see its relationships with their general psychological adjustment. Methods and Materials: The present study is a cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling was used to select the school and total enumeration method was used for the selection of the respondents (school-going adolescent). School going adolescents between the ages of 13-17 years were included. They were assessed with their consent using a Socio-demographic Datasheet, Richmond Humour Assessment Instrument, Beck Depression Inventory, Interaction Anxiousness Scale, Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire, Academic Expectation Stress Inventory and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Results: Humour has a significant negative correlation with the emotional problems and significant positive correlation with pro-social behaviour and total difficulty score. Moreover, it was found that humour has a significant positive correlation with self-efficacy. In regression analysis, it was found that conduct problems and pro-social behaviour contribute significantly to the prediction of humour among adolescents; though, accounting only for 1.08% variance. Remaining 98.9% was attributed to a variable not included in the study. Conclusion: Humour can lead to an improvement in psychological adjustment among adolescent.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden for Patients Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-sectional Study from Southern India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kurupath ◽  
Praveen Arathil ◽  
Rahul Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Updrs Score

Introduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder where the individual over time needs more and more assistance from their caregivers to carry on their life and that causes increasing burden on the caregiver. The burden for the caregiver is affecting them physically, mentally and also on a socioeconomic level. Aim: To examine the factors related to caregiver burden in caregivers of Parkinson’s patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Parkinson’s clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kochi, on 100 Parkinsonism patients and their respective caregivers. Patients were assessed using the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Caregivers were assessed using Zerit’s Caregiver Burden inventory (CBI). Semi structured questionnaire was administered for socio-demographic details. Non parametric tests were done to examine the correlation among various variables. Results: Among the patients and caregivers, mean age was 70.65±7.30 and 67.31±8.56, respectively. Among the patient’s majority were males (n=74) while among caregivers, majority were females (n=73). Mean duration of disease was 6.79±2.68 years, mean caregiver burden score was 65.05±21.79, mean UPDRS score was 21.89±8.74 and had significant positive correlation with caregiver burden. Mean MMSE score was 17.19±4.91. The disease duration and UPDRS score had a significant positive correlation with caregiver burden score. MMSE score had significant negative correlation with caregiver burden score. Conclusion: This study concludes that a patient’s Parkinsonism related disability accounts for majority of caregiver burden. An early identification of factors contributing to stress in caregivers will help to avoid its persistency leading to a better insight in the caregiving role and thus in-patient care.

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION OF MOBILITY TREND AND SITUATION OF COVID-19 BY COUNTRY, TERRITORY, AND AREA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Adrina Esther Liaw ◽  
Jihan Natra Shafira ◽  
Muhammad Aziz ◽  
Iche Andriyani Liberty
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Each country around the world has taken several approaches in order to stop the spreading of the virus. This study was conducted to correlate the mobility trend and the situation of COVID-19 by country, territory, and area. This research paper adopts an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach for 115 countries from February 17th to August 27th, 2020. Tajikistan (r=0,956) and Italy (r=0,931) has the highest positive correlation for retail and recreations. For grocery,the highest degree of positive correlation is Mongolia (r=0,945) and Tajikistan (r=0,933). Bostwana and Italy showed highest significant positive correlation among countries (r=0,985 and r=0,902, respectively) for transit stations and residential  (r=0,994 and r=0,984). Bostwana also has the highest significant positive correlation for the park (r=0.980). Meanwhile, for the workplace, Mauritius (r=0,863) and Dominica (r=0,785) are countries with the highest degree of positive correlation with a cumulative case of COVID-19. Society's behavior plays an important role by following the government policy in order to slow down the spread of the virus. Retail and recreations, groceries and pharmacy stores, transit stations, parks, and workplaces found to have a significant positive correlation while residential have a significant negative correlation with cumulative cases of COVID-19 in most countries.  

scholarly journals Caracterização das lesões por pressão em adultos portadores de germes multirresistentes

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-192
Author(s):  
Andreia Macedo ◽  
Ariane Graciotto ◽  
Deborah Bulegon Mello ◽  
Leandro Augusto Hansel ◽  
Carolina Severo Lopes Cortelini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Home Support ◽  
Braden Scale

Objetivo: Describir las características de las lesiones por presión en pacientes adultos con gérmenes multirresistentes.Método: Este es un estudio transversal realizado con pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de pacientes hospitalizados por gérmenes resistentes a múltiples fármacos de un hospital público en el sur de Brasil. Se seleccionaron pacientes con lesión por presión del estadio II. Los datos se recopilaron en 2017 de una muestra de 110 lesiones en 36 pacientes utilizando la Herramienta de evaluación de heridas Bates-Jensen (BWAT). Los datos se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas. Resultados: La edad promedio de los individuos fue de 45.4 (± 21.3) años y el 89.1% había sido hospitalizado con una lesión por presión, que ocurrió en el hogar o en otras instituciones de salud. El valor medio de BWAT fue de 35.5 ± 8.9 puntos y hubo una correlación positiva débil (r = 0.228 p = 0.017) con el tamaño de la lesión, correlación positiva moderada con el estadio de la lesión (r = 540 p <0.001). y con el resultado de la escala de Braden (r = 0.44 p = 0.651).Conclusión: Los resultados muestran la enfermedad de pacientes jóvenes. Los pacientes con gérmenes multirresistentes presentaron lesiones por presión con una mayor participación de las estructuras, lo que sugiere la necesidad de apoyo en el hogar. Objective: To describe the characteristics of the pressure lesions in adult patients with multiresistant germs.Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with patients admitted to the inpatient unit for multidrug resistant germs in a public hospital in Brazil. Patients with pressure lesions from stage II were selected. Data collection took place in 2017, in a sample of 110 injuries, in patients, through the Pressure Ulcer State Assessment Instrument (Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool - BWAT). Results: The average age of the individuals was 45.4 (± 21.3) years old and 89.1% had already suffered pressure lesions, such as those that occurred at home or in other health institutions. The mean BWAT value was 35.5 ± 8.9 points and there was a weak positive correlation (r = 0.228 p = 0.017) with lesion size, moderate positive correlation with lesion stage (r = 540 p <0.001), and with the result of the Braden scale (r = 0.44 p = 0.651).Conclusion: The results indicated the illness of young patients. Patients with multiresistant germs suffered pressure lesions with greater involvement of structures, which suggests the need for home support.

scholarly journals ZMPSTE24 Is Associated with Elevated Inflammation and Progerin mRNA

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1981
Author(s):  
Moritz Messner ◽  
Santhosh Kumar Ghadge ◽  
Thomas Maurer ◽  
Michael Graber ◽  
Simon Staggl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Lamin A ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome

Lamins are important filaments forming the inner nuclear membrane. Lamin A is processed by zinc metalloproteinase (ZMPSTE24). Failure to cleave a truncated form of prelamin A—also called progerin—causes Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome a well-known premature aging disease. Minor levels of progerin are readily expressed in the blood of healthy individuals due to alternative splicing. Previously, we found an association of increased progerin mRNA with overweight and chronic inflammation (hs-CRP). Here, we aimed to elucidate correlations of ZMPSTE24, lamin A/C and progerin with the inflammatory marker hs-CRP. In this retrospective, cross-sectional study we analyzed blood samples from 110 heart failure patients for quantitative mRNA expression of ZMPSTE24, lamin A/C, progerin and hs-CRP protein. Spearman correlations and linear regression analyses including adjustments for age, gender and ejection fraction showed a significant positive correlation of lnprogerin with lnZMPSTE24 (n = 110; r = 0.33; p = 0.0004) and lnlamin A/C (n = 110; r = 0.82, p < 0.0001), whereas no association was observed between lnlamin A/C and lnZMPSTE24 expression. Further analyses showed a significant positive correlation of lnhs-CRP with lnZMPSTE24 (n = 110; r = 0.21; p = 0.01) and lnlamin A/C (n = 110; r = 0.24; p = 0.03). We conclude that chronic inflammation is associated with increased expression of ZMPSTE24 and lamin A/C mRNA. Both markers also positively correlate with increased expression of the premature aging marker progerin which may be linked to cardiovascular aging.

scholarly journals The correlation between leptin and highly sensitive C-reactive protein levels in obese children aged 9-15 years

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Warouw ◽  
Suryani As'ad ◽  
Satriono Satriono
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
The Mean

Background Obesity is a low level and chronic inflammatory condition predominantly affecting white adipose tissue, where macrophage infiltration is found. Leptin is one of many molecules relating obesity to cardiovascular disease. Leptin can increase cytokine production in macrophages and monocytes, and increase oxidative stress on endothelial cells. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, in turn, may trigger the release of C-reactive protein.Objective To examine the correlation between leptin and hsCRP in obese children aged 9-15 years.Methods This cross-sectional study was done in Manado from May to December 2009, on elementary and junior high school children. Subjects were obese children aged 9-15 years, with nutritional status detennined by Body Mass Index and converted into z-score. Physical examination, blood pressure, and blood examinations for  fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, leptin, and hsCRP were perfonned. Data were analyzed with appropriate statistical methods.Results The mean leptin level in obese children was 34,009.2 pgiL (SD 18,224.79), higher than that of the control, 7,760.9 pgiL (SD 8,859.55) (P<0.0001). The mean hsCRP level in obese children was 3.6 mgiL (SD 3.60), higher than that of the control, 0.7 mgiL (SD 1.32) (<0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation between leptin and hsCRP levels in obese children (r 􀀁 0.355; P<0.0001).Conclusions There is significant positive correlation between leptin and hsCRP levels in obese children aged 9-15 years. Increased leptin and hsCRP levels indicate a low degree of chronic inflammation. Thus, intervention is needed to decrease the body weight of obese children.

scholarly journals Analysis of Psychosocial Adjustment in the Family During Confinement: Problems and Habits of Children and Youth and Parental Stress and Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena P. Andrés-Romero ◽  
Juan M. Flujas-Contreras ◽  
Mercedes Fernández-Torres ◽  
Inmaculada Gómez-Becerra ◽  
Pilar Sánchez-López
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 health crisis has led to a dramatic change in dynamics and habits of families, which may be a factor involved in the development and maintenance of problems and difficulties in children. The present study is a cross-sectional study that aims to describe and analyze the relationship between the difficulties in psychological adjustment and the change of habits of the infant-juvenile population as perceived by their parents and their stress and resilience during the total confinement of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, as well as analyzing the course of the changes and the relationships between weeks 3 to 6, that is, the score of different participants in each week of the confinement. The sample is comprised of 883 parents of children and adolescents between 3 and 18 years of age. Children’s psychological adjustment, children’s habits, parental stress, and parental resilience were assessed by parents. The results show that parents perceive a change in the habits and psychological difficulties in their children. At the same time, our results describe parents with a high level of stress and resilience, with differences depending on the children’s ages. The time of confinement accentuates the perception of parents about the psychological difficulties of their children and parental stress, as well as a decrease in resilience. These difficulties are reduced when the parent has resilience competencies. These results show that the resilience of parents mediate the relationship between parental stress and psychological problems of their children. These results shows that COVID-19 lockdown had a considerable effect on families, both on children and parents. Some practical implications based on results are provided.

Cyberbullying and suicidal ideation: Relationship with mood states and consumption of psychoactive substances

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S400-S401
Author(s):  
D. Silva ◽  
J. Nunes ◽  
T. Ferreira ◽  
A. Pissarra da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation

IntroductionCyberbullying is an emergent problem associated to terrible consequences, especially in young adults.ObjectivesTo analyse the levels of behaviours of victimization and aggression of cyberbullying, suicidal ideation, mood states and consumption of psychoactive substances in a sample of college students from the University of Beira Interior (UBI), as well as to analyse the relationship between these variables.MethodsAnalytical cross-sectional study that integrates quantitative methodology. Data collection took place via online survey in the population of students at the UBI (n = 475, 329 females, mean age 22.2 ± 4.1 years). The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic, mental health and internet use data and the Portuguese versions of self-reported scales to measure mood states, consumption of psychoactive substances, the levels of behaviours of victimization and aggression of cyberbullying and the levels of suicidal ideation.ResultsThe levels of aggression of cyberbullying were significantly higher in male students and in users of social networks. There was a significant positive correlation between behaviours of victimization and aggression of cyberbullying, and between them and suicidal ideation and negative affect. The levels of both behaviours of cyberbullying and suicidal ideation were significantly higher in students consuming alcohol with drugs, just drugs and sedatives. There was a significant positive correlation between suicidal ideation and negative affect and a significant negative correlation between suicidal ideation and positive affect.ConclusionsBoth behaviours of cyberbullying were significantly associated with suicidal ideation and negative affect. Thus, stands out the relevance of an earlier identification of these behaviours and an adequate intervention by health professionals.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Can Cytokines be used as an Activation Marker in Rheumatoid Arthritis?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Öner Kaya ◽  
Yeşim Ceylaner ◽  
Belkız Öngen İpek ◽  
Zeynep Güneş Özünal ◽  
Gülbüz Sezgin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Das 28 ◽  
Tnf Α

Aims: The etiopathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is not clearly understood. However, the role of the cytokines takes an important part in this mechanism. We aimed to bring a new approach to the concept of 'remission' in patients with RA. Background: RA is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease that involves small joints in the form of symmetrical polyarthritis and progresses with exacerbations and remissions. Pain, swelling, tenderness and morning stiffness are typical of the joints involved. Although it is approached as a primary joint disease, a wide variety of extra-articular involvements may also occur. It is an interesting pathophysiological process, the exact cause of which is still unknown, with many environmental, genetic and potentially undiscovered possible factors in a chaotic manner. Objective: In this cross-sectional study, sedimentation rate (ESR), C- Reactive protein (CRP), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, soluble-TNF-α receptor (TNF-R), Interleukin (IL)-1B and IL-10 were measured in three groups which were healthy volunteers, patients with RA in the active period, and patients with RA in remission. Disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) was calculated in active RA and RA in remission. Methods: This study included 20 healthy volunteers, 20 remission patients with RA and 20 active RA patients. Venous blood samples were collected from patients in both healthy and RA groups. Results: RA group consisted 43 (71.6%) female and 17 (28.4%) male. Control group consisted 11 (55%) female and 9 (45%) male. TNF-R was significantly high only in the active group according to the healthy group (p=0.002). IL-10 was significantly high in active RA according to RA in remission (p=0.03). DAS-28 was significantly high in active RA according to RA in remission (p=0.001). In the active RA group, ESR and TNF-R had a positive correlation (r:0.442; p=0.048). In the active RA group, there was also a positive correlation between TNF-R and CRP (r:0.621; p=0,003). Both healthy and active RA group had significant positive correlation between ESR and CRP (r: 0.481; p=0.032 and r: 0,697; p=0,001 respectively). Conclusion: TNF-R can be the main pathophysiological factor and a marker showing activation. TNF-R can be very important in revealing the effect of TNF on the disease and the value of this effect in the treatment and ensuring the follow-up of the disease with CRP instead of ESR in activation.

scholarly journals Correlates of SARS-CoV-2 Variants on Deaths, Case Incidence and Case Fatality Ratio among the Continents for the Period of 1 December 2020 to 15 March 2021

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Wajdy J. Al-Awaida ◽  
Baker Jawabrah Al Hourani ◽  
Samer Swedan ◽  
Refat Nimer ◽  
Foad Alzoughool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has quickly developed into a worldwide pandemic. Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome may affect various aspects of the disease including fatality ratio. In this study, 553,518 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences isolated from patients from continents for the period 1 December 2020 to 15 March 2021 were comprehensively analyzed and a total of 82 mutations were identified concerning the reference sequence. In addition, associations between the mutations and the case fatality ratio (CFR), cases per million and deaths per million, were examined. The mutations having the highest frequencies among different continents were Spike_D614G and NSP12_P323L. Among the identified mutations, NSP2_T153M, NSP14_I42V and Spike_L18F mutations showed a positive correlation to CFR. While the NSP13_Y541C, NSP3_T73I and NSP3_Q180H mutations demonstrated a negative correlation to CFR. The Spike_D614G and NSP12_P323L mutations showed a positive correlation to deaths per million. The NSP3_T1198K, NS8_L84S and NSP12_A97V mutations showed a significant negative correlation to deaths per million. The NSP12_P323L and Spike_D614G mutations showed a positive correlation to the number of cases per million. In contrast, NS8_L84S and NSP12_A97V mutations showed a negative correlation to the number of cases per million. In addition, among the identified clades, none showed a significant correlation to CFR. The G, GR, GV, S clades showed a significant positive correlation to deaths per million. The GR and S clades showed a positive correlation to number of cases per million. The clades having the highest frequencies among continents were G, followed by GH and GR. These findings should be taken into consideration during epidemiological surveys of the virus and vaccine development.

scholarly journals Evaluation of serum adropin and irisin levels and its association with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters in Type 2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Foad Alzoughool ◽  
Huda Al Hourani ◽  
Manar Atoum ◽  
Sajedah Bateineh ◽  
Hanan Alsheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Obesity Indices ◽  
Group Serum

BACKGROUND/AIM: The newly described proteins adropin and irisin are a highly conserved polypeptide that plays essential roles in metabolic and energy homeostasis, insulin resistance, and fat browning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the circulating levels of serum adropin and irisin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and also to elucidate possible relationships between serum adropin and irisin levels with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Single-center prospective observational study included 90 T2DM patients referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum lipids, creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen were evaluated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated, serum adropin and irisin were evaluated. RESULTS: The results showed a significant positive correlation between adropin and irisin in females but not in males (r = 0.311; P = 0.042). In males’ group, serum adropin levels showed significant negative correlation with serum glucose (–0.423, P = <  0.05), HbA1C (–0.364, P = <  0.05), and GFR (–0.355, P = <  0.05). In contrast, creatinine was showed a significant positive correlation with adropin in males (0.381, P = <  0.05). In females’ group, adropin showed a significant negative correlation with weight (–0.371, P = <  0.05), BMI (–0.349, P = <  0.05), WC (–0.402, P = <  0.01), and WHtR (–0.398, P = <  0.01). Contrary, in males’ group, serum irisin levels showed significant positive correlation with weight (0.338, P = <  0.05), BMI (0.332, P = <  0.05), WC (0.409, P = <  0.01), and WHtR (0.432, P = <  0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that, in T2DM patients, circulating serum adrpoin correlated negatively with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in females, while serum irisin was positively correlated with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in males.

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