scholarly journals Anticariogenic potential of Potentilla fulgens extract and its chemical constituents

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
Umesh Bihade ◽  
Amit Kumar Mittal ◽  
Anupam Chatterjee ◽  
Uttam Chand Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

<p><em>Streptococci</em> and <em>Lactobacilli</em> are the most common bacteria causing dental caries. <em>Potentilla fuglens</em>, native of north-east India is used by tribal people to cure teeth and gum problems. Based on its ethomedical use, its anticariogenic potential was evaluated. The crude methanol extract was found to have good anticariogenic potential. Epigallocatechingallate (<strong>4</strong>) was found to the most effective inhibitor against the tested bacterial strains. Epiafzelechin (4<em>β</em>→8) epicatechin (<strong>8) </strong>also demonstrated comparatively better activity than other dimeric compounds (MIC of 1.56, 3.12 and 3.12 μg/mL against <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>, <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus </em>and <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em>,<em> </em>respectively). Time-kill studies and biofilm formation inhibition assays showed molecule <strong>8</strong> to be comparable to compound <strong>4</strong> in terms of antibacterial action. The results suggest that these compounds and Potentilla extracts could be employed as natural antibacterial agents in oral health care products.</p>

Comparison of Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activities of the Compounds Isolated from Ficus hispida Linn. and Ficus pomifera Wall

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-630
Author(s):  
Ashalata Nepram ◽  
Sujata Wangkheirakpam ◽  
Warjeet S. Laitonjam
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Activity ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ficus Hispida

Background: Traditional knowledge has been a legacy of the past to the present. Barks of Ficus hispida Linn. and leaves of Ficus pomifera Wall. (Moraceae) have been used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes in North-east India and many other places. As many drugs have been developed from traditional plants, the authors have taken up the plants for the study of hypoglycemic activity. Objective: To investigate the hypoglycemic activities of the triterpenoids isolated from the plants and their antioxidant activities. Methods: The bioactive compounds were determined by biochemical analysis, antioxidant activity using DPPH method. Hypoglycemic activity was detected using glucose tolerance test in normal rats and alloxan induced diabetic rats with Gliclazide as standard. Results: The biochemicals and trace elements were present in appreciable amounts. Triterpenoids, (1-5), from F. pomifera and 19-hydroxyphlogacantholide (6), 3-O-[ß-D-glucopyranosyl-(1’→2’)-α- L-rhamnopyranosyl-phlogacanthoside] (7) and galanolactone (8) along with stigmasterol (9), stigmasta- 5,22-dien-7-on-3ß-ol (10), 5-(decahydro-1,1,4a-trimethyl-6-methylene-5-yl)-3-methylpent-2- enal (11), stigmasterol glucoside (12) and stigmast-4-en-3-one (13) from F. hispida Linn., respectively, were isolated. The different extracts of the barks and leaves of these plants along with the isolated compounds had antioxidant and hyploglycemic activities. Conclusions: The five triterpenoids (1-5) were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of F. pomifera, and compounds (6-13) were isolated from the chloroform extract of the barks of F. hispida. Methanol extract of the leaves of F. pomifera and the chloroform extract of the barks of F. hispida; compounds (1-13) isolated from these two plants reduced DPPH free radicals in a concentrationdependent manner. It was also observed that the methanol and chloroform extracts of the plants, F. pomifera and F. hispida respectively, and the compounds (1, 6 & 7) exhibited anti-diabetic properties and also caused a highly significant reduction in the blood glucose levels of normal rats.

scholarly journals Prenylated Flavonoids and C-15 Isoprenoid Analogues with Antibacterial Properties from the Whole Plant of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch (Gramineae)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4717
Author(s):  
Romeo Nago ◽  
Paul Nayim ◽  
Armelle Mbaveng ◽  
James Mpetga ◽  
Gabin Bitchagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Prenylated Flavonoids ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract ◽  
Potential Origin

The local botanical Imperata cylindrica in Cameroon was investigated for its antibacterial potency. The methanol extract afforded a total of seven compounds, including five hitherto unreported compounds comprising three flavonoids (1–3) and two C-15 isoprenoid analogues (4 and 5) together with known derivatives (6 and 7). The novelty of the flavonoids was related to the presence of both methyl and prenyl groups. The potential origin of the methyl in the flavonoids is discussed, as well as the chemophenetic significance of our findings. Isolation was performed over repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and the structures were elucidated by (NMR and MS). The crude methanol extract and isolated compounds showed considerable antibacterial potency against a panel of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. The best MIC values were obtained with compound (2) against S. aureus ATCC 25923 (32 µg/mL) and MRSA1 (16 µg/mL).

scholarly journals In vitro time kill assessment of crude methanol extract of Helichrysum pedunculatum leaves

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1684-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiyegoro ◽  
A O ◽  
Afolayan ◽  
J A ◽  
Okoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS OF Randia nitida LEAVES ON SOYBEAN PATHOGENS AND THEIR PHYTOCHEMISTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
STHEFANY CAROLINE BEZERRA DA CRUZ-SILVA ◽  
ROSEMARY MATIAS ◽  
JOSÉ ANTONIO MAIOR BONO ◽  
KAREN SILVA SANTOS ◽  
JULIANE LUDWIG
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of methanol extract and fractions of leaves of Randia nitida (Kunth) DC on Colletotrichum truncatum (Schw.) Andrus & Moore, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary and perform chemical and antioxidant activity tests. Crude methanol extract (EBM) and fractions (hexane = FHX, dichloromethane = FDM and ethyl acetate = FAE) underwent classical phytochemical analysis and determination of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity. Samples were individually incorporated into PDA culture mediums (potato-dextrose-agar) at concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg mL-1 of extract or fraction. Mycelial growth was evaluated when control reached the edge of the plate. Phytochemical results indicated that flavonoids, steroids and triterpenoids are the major chemical constituents in both EBM and fractions. Total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were higher for FAE and EBM, followed by FDM and FHX; however, the latter showed higher content of steroids and triterpenoids compared to the other fractions. For C. truncatum, R. solani and S. sclerotiorum, the most efficient fractions were respectively FAE, FDM and FHX, all of them in the highest concentration (160 µg mL-1). The highest inhibition rate was observed against S. sclerotiorum, reaching 93.75%. We concluded that all fractions have antifungal activity on the plant pathogens, being FHX the most active against S. sclerotiorum, which might have been due to the presence of steroids and triterpenes.

scholarly journals Repurposing Toremifene for Treatment of Oral Bacterial Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelien Gerits ◽  
Valerie Defraine ◽  
Katleen Vandamme ◽  
Kaat De Cremer ◽  
Katrijn De Brucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT The spread of antibiotic resistance and the challenges associated with antiseptics such as chlorhexidine have necessitated a search for new antibacterial agents against oral bacterial pathogens. As a result of failing traditional approaches, drug repurposing has emerged as a novel paradigm to find new antibacterial agents. In this study, we examined the effects of the FDA-approved anticancer agent toremifene against the oral bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans. We found that the drug was able to inhibit the growth of both pathogens, as well as prevent biofilm formation, at concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 25 μM. Moreover, toremifene was shown to eradicate preformed biofilms at concentrations ranging from 25 to 50 μM. In addition, we found that toremifene prevents P. gingivalis and S. mutans biofilm formation on titanium surfaces. A time-kill study indicated that toremifene is bactericidal against S. mutans. Macromolecular synthesis assays revealed that treatment with toremifene does not cause preferential inhibition of DNA, RNA, or protein synthesis pathways, indicating membrane-damaging activity. Biophysical studies using fluorescent probes and fluorescence microscopy further confirmed the membrane-damaging mode of action. Taken together, our results suggest that the anticancer agent toremifene is a suitable candidate for further investigation for the development of new treatment strategies for oral bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of some selected traditional medicinal plants of Uttarakhand, North East India

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneel Kumar Singh ◽  
Ritu Vishnoi ◽  
Gulshan Kumar Dhingra ◽  
Kunal Kishor
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Argemone Mexicana ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cotinus Coggygria

Screenings of methanolic leaf extracts of nine medicinal plants (Cotinus coggygria, Adhatoda vesica, Argemone mexicana, Zanthoxylum armatum, Berberis asiatica, Corissa opaca, Euphorbia hirta, Cassio fistula and Ricinus communis), belonging to selected areas of Uttarakhand, were tested against seven bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobactor aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by disc diffusion method. Leaf extracts of R. communis, B. asiatica and C. opaca showed high (13 – 23) effect on all the bacterial strains while E. hirta, Z. armatum and A. vesica exhibits minimum (6 – 15) effects. Remaining leaf extracts of plants were found moderately (10 - 19) effective.

scholarly journals Primary investigating chemical constituents of bioactive extract from Centrostachys aquatica (R.Br.) Wall. ex Moq.-Tand.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Quoc Luan Ngo ◽  
Thao Cuong Ta ◽  
Thi Manh Huynh Tran ◽  
Minh Dan Le ◽  
Khac Khong Minh Ngo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
First Time ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

This study is aimed to screen the biological activities and chemical composition to find evidences for potential medicinal applications of Centrostachys aquatica in the Mekong Delta. Crude methanol extract and subextracts in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and acetone from Centrostachys aquatica were tested bioactivities. The methanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate subextracts exhibited antimicrobial activity with corresponding MIC values of 200, 100 and 200 µg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate subextract was inhibited cytotoxicity against cancer cell line LU-1 with IC50 of 27.66 µg/mL. None of the  extracts showed antioxidant ability. Three known secondary metabolites including oleanolic acid (1), 20(E)-hydroxy-b-ecdysone (2), and b-spinasterol (3) were isolated for the first time from the bioactive (ethyl acetate) subextract of Centrostachys aquatica. Their structures were elucidated by modern spectra as MS, NMR and comparison with published data.

scholarly journals Physiochemical Studies in Seedlings of Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) of North East India in Relation to Drought Resistance for Selection of Improved Germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Borah ◽  
P.K. Borua ◽  
S. Roy ◽  
S.P. Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

The global climate change is occurring at an unpredictable rate, where periods of drought are predicted to be extremely severe. The drought tolerance in Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) accessions; collected from North East India was screened under water stress conditions created by reducing irrigation doses. Parameters targeted for screening were vegetative growth, physiological parameters and chemical constituents of leaves. Water stress treatment revealed that plant height, leaves number/plant, average leaf area, N, P, K, Ca, Cl and Na content were significantly decreased by increasing the level of water stress conditions in all studied accessions. Variations in the physiological parameters among different accessions may be due to different intensities of natural selection acting upon the traits in their natural habitat. The aim of the study was to determine source variation in Tectona grandis Linn. f. accessions collected from 41 locations of North East India and to identify the best sources to be utilised for reforestation and further genetic improvement work. In our study, three promising drought tolerant accessions were screened in a decreasing order of drought tolerance viz. GKU-24, GKU-37 and BNU-10 whereas; the drought stress had the most adverse effect on ASM-124 and LUT-45.

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