scholarly journals Comparative phytochemical and antioxidant profile of crude seed powder, aqueous and methanolic seed extracts of Buchholzia coriacea

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin C Ugwu ◽  
Joseph Effiong Eyo ◽  
Jude Ifeanyi Egbuji ◽  
Chiemekam Ezechukwu ◽  
Keziah Nwamaka Ibemenuga
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Profile ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Wise Decision ◽  
Phytochemical Components ◽  
Seed Extracts

<p>The increasing discovery of more medicinal plants have triggered increased scientific screening of their bioactivity in order to provide data that will help physicians and patients make wise decision before using them. This study was designed to elucidate comparative phytochemical and antioxidant properties of crude seed powder, aqueous and methanolic seed extracts of <em>Buchholzia coriacea.</em> The results showed that crude seed powder had the highest alkaloid and phenol content of 3.98 ± 0.00% and 0.92 ± 0.00%, while aqueous extract had the least alkaloid and phenol content of 1.00 ± 0.00% and 0.12 ± 0.00% respectively. Methanolic extracts had the highest phytochemical components among the three extracts with flavonoids (12.03 ± 0.0), saponins (1.99 ± 0.01), terpenoids (2.00 ± 0.00), tannin (0.10 ± 0.00) and phytate (2.02 ± 0.01) compositions, while aqueous extracts had the highest hydrogen cyanide (0.30 ± 0.00) and glycoside (0.35 ± 0.00). Antioxidant (DPPH) activities of <em>B. coriacea</em> showed that aqueous extract and crude seed powder had inhibition concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) of 4.65 mg/ml while methanolic extract had IC<sub>50</sub> of 5.85 mg/ml. The result of the LD<sub>50</sub> of the extracts showed the each extracts was well tolerated at a dose of 5000 mg/kg, an indication of high safety profile. The study therefore clearly demonstrated that methanolic extracts of <em>B. coriacea</em> have antioxidant, antihypertensive, hypocholesterolmic and anticarcinogenic properties owing to the presence of high levels of phytochemical components than the aqueous and crude seed powder. </p>

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory, Apoptosis Induction and Antitumor Activities of Aqueous and Methanolic Extract of Calvatia Craniiformis in Mice Transfected with Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1206-1214
Author(s):  
Ghassan Hamdan Jameel ◽  
Ali Ibrahim Ali AL-Ezzy ◽  
Ibrahim H. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Tumour Mass ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Immunomodulatory, apoptosis induction and antitumor effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Calvatia craniiformis regarding the size of tumour mass, caspase-8 expression and apoptotic index (AI%) in mice transfected with murine hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (H22) as an experimental therapeutic system for human hepatocellular carcinoma.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight Balb/C albino mice were transfected in legs with H22 cells. Tumour size was measured twice a week. Caspase-8 protein expression and apoptotic index determination evaluated by Immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Tumor size significantly differed between the two groups of mice transfected with H22 cells; the first was treated with C. craniiformis aqueous extract (0.3, 0.6, 1.2) mg/kg and the second group was treated with C. craniiformis methanolic extract (0.25, 0.5, 1.0) mg/kg compared with control group. The inhibitory activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts was dose and duration dependent. The size of the tumour mass was reduced up to 87.9% when treated with 1.2 mg/kg aqueous extract and 1 mg/kg for methanolic extract. Caspase-8 expression was increased in a dose-dependent manner among H22 bearing mice treated with C. craniiformis aqueous extract (0.3, 0.6, 1.2) mg/kg. At 0.3 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (66.67%). While at 0.6 mg/kg and 1.2 mg/kg the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (100%) with a significant difference (P ≤ 0.001). H22 bearing mice treated with (0.25, 0.5, 1.0) mg/kg C. craniiformis methanolic extract shows increased caspase-8 expression in a dose-dependent manner. At 0.25 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (66.67%). While at 0.5 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (100%). At 1.0 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (16.67%) and very strong in (83.33%) with significant difference (P ≤ 0.001). AI% of H22 bearing mice treated with C. craniiformis aqueous and methanolic extracts were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) compared with the untreated control group. No significant difference was reported in AI% between aqueous and methanolic extracts treated groups.CONCLUSIONS: Extracts of C. craniiformis were highly efficient in tumour growth inhibition, causing a reduction in the tumour size clinically and increase the expression of caspase-8 gene product in tumour tissue, causing increase apoptotic index of H22 cells taken from the legs of inoculated mice leading to loss of legs due to bone necrosis. Antitumor activity of C. craniiformis aqueous, and the methanolic extract was dose and duration dependent.

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nasir Uddin ◽  
Taksim Ahmed ◽  
Sanzida Pathan ◽  
Md. Mamun Al-Amin ◽  
Md. Sohel Rana
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Standard Procedures

AbstractPlant-derived phytochemicals consisting of phenols and flavonoids possess antioxidant properties, eventually rendering a lucrative tool to scavenge reactive oxygen species. This study was carried out to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract and petroleum ether extracts ofPhytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. Antioxidant activity was tested using several in vitro assays, viz., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, NO assay, HPreliminary phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides in both extracts. Methanolic extract was found to possess stronger antioxidant potential than petroleum ether extracts in all assays. The ICThese findings demonstrate that methanolic extracts could be considered as potential sources of natural antioxidant, whereas petroleum ether extracts could be explored for promising anticancer molecules.

Total Phenolic Content, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antipyretic Activities of Some Extracts of Inula viscosa (L.) from Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
C. Ouahchia ◽  
F. Hamaidi-Chergui ◽  
H.-S. Cherif ◽  
R. Hemma ◽  
I. Negab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inula viscosa (L.) is a medicinal plant that has been used for a long time for its many therapeutic properties, especially to treat pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of methanolic extracts and decoctions of Inula viscosa leaves and flowers. The phenol content of the extracts was determined by spectrophotometric methods. The extracts were administered orally (400, 600, and 800 mg/kg) to mice and/or rats in the study of antiinflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhes test), and antipyretic (Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia method) activities. The highest phenolic content was found in leaf methanolic extract. Methanolic extracts and decoctions of leaves and flowers showed significant decrease in mice paw edema after 4 h (P < 0.01; P < 0.001), and an appreciable analgesic effect at the tested doses with a maximum of writhing inhibition observed with leaf methanolic extract at the dose of 800 mg/kg (93.39%; P < 0.001). The rectal temperature of the rats decreased significantly (P < 0.01; P < 0.001) after 4 h in groups treated with leaves and flowers extracts at the doses of 600 and 800 mg/kg. The obtained results confirm the traditional uses of Inula viscosa.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ephedra alata Decne Growing in South Algeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bachir Benarba ◽  
Ouafae Douad ◽  
Chaima Gadoum ◽  
Khadidja Belhouala ◽  
Soumicha Mahdjour
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ephedra alata Decne. (Ephedraceae) is a medicinal species commonly used to treat cancers, respiratory diseases, fever, and hypertension. The present study aimed to establish a phytochemical profile, evaluate the antioxidant potential and estimate the anti-inflammatory activities of .. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of E. alata aerial parts were phytochemically investigated using standard methods. DPPH, phosphomolybdenum total antioxidant capacity and reducing power assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was determined using total antioxidant capacity, the scavenging activity of the stable DPPH free radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined using egg albumin membrane denaturation and human red blood cells membrane stabilizing assays. The anti-inflammatory potential of E. alata extracts was evaluated using human red blood cells membrane stabilization, egg albumin and BSA albumin denaturation assays. Quinones, anthraquinones, steroids, phytosteroids, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, Cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars and anthocyanins were present in the E. alata&rsquo;s aqueous extract, in addition to coumarins and proteins in the methanolic extract. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content was recorded in the aqueous extract with 8.66 &plusmn;0.09 mg GA/g and 248.04 &plusmn;1.47 mg Q/g, respectively. On the other hand, E. alata methanolic extract had the highest tannin content of 62.12 &plusmn;0.10 mg C/g. The best radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 4.63&plusmn;0.00 mg/ml) and total antioxidant capacity were exhibited by the E. alata aqueous (7.35&plusmn;0.12 mg/ml AAE), whereas the methanolic extract possessed the highest reducing power activity (1.81&plusmn;0.00 mg AAE/ml). Regarding the anti-inflammatory activities, E. alata methanolic extract exerted the highest HRBC stabilization of 34.72 &plusmn;0.08% whereas the aqueous extract exhibited the highest bovine serum and Egg albumin denaturation inhibition of 99.22 &plusmn;0.02% and 73.31 &plusmn;0.90, respectively. Taken together, our results suggest that E. alata aerial parts aqueous and methanolic extracts can be utilized as future antioxidants and anti-inflammatory ethnomedicines owing to their rich bioactive molecules content.

scholarly journals ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 502-508
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleh Faisal ◽  
Usman Nawaz ◽  
Abdul Matin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Level ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
P Value ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits

Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic effects ofCassia sophera’s powdered seeds and its different fractions. Study Design: An experimentalstudy. Setting: Faculty of Veterinary, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Period:November 2014 to February 2017. Methodology: Initial experiments were designed to find outthe hypoglycaemic effects of Cassia sophera powdered seeds in increasing doses i.e. 2, 3, 4g/kg body weight at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours intervals. The effects of methanolic and aqueousextracts equivalent to 4g/kg body weight of Cassia sophera seeds were also studied in bothnormal and diabetic rabbits. Results: At 4 hours interval, 2grams/kg body weight of grindedseeds results no significant decrease in mean blood level of glucose. At 8 and 12 hours intervals,a significant decrease while at 4, 8 and 12 hours a highly significant reduction were observedwith both 3g/kg and 4g/kg body weight. With methanolic and aqueous extracts equivalent to4g/kg body weight, normal rabbits showed significant decrease i.e. with P value less than 0.05at 8 and 12 hours. In addition, the methanolic extract of Cassia sophera seeds produced betterhypoglycaemia as compared to aqueous extract. The effects of these extracts were comparableto Acetohexamide. The same study was also done in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and it wasnoticed that Cassia sophera powdered seeds caused significant decrease in blood glucoselevel at increasing doses 2, 3 and 4gram/kg of body weight and highly significant reduction(with P value less than 0.001) in blood level of glucose was noticed with methanolic extracts at4 hours interval which continued upto 8 hours while treatment with aqueous extract with Cassiasophera seeds showed highly significant decrease at 12 hours. Conclusion: It is concludedthat powdered seeds of Cassia sophera constitutes more than one type of hypoglycaemicelements, which have exerted a significant and consistent hypoglycaemic effects in normal andalloxan treated diabetic rabbits.

scholarly journals Antioxidant profile of mulled wine

10.5219/1070 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Dani Dordevic ◽  
Simona Jancikova ◽  
Bohuslava Tremlova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Profile ◽  
Heat Treated

The aim of the study was to compare chemical and nutritional profile of wine and heat-treated wine, called mulled wine. The experiment was focused on simulation of ordinary produce mulled wine by the majority of consumers. Cabernet Moravia (bottled in Velkobílovická vína s.r.o., Czech Republic) was used for the experimental production of mulled wine. Following spices were added to wine during cooking: cloves (Vitana, Czech Republic) and cinnamon (KOTÁNY, Austria). The samples of wine were heat treated in stainless steel pot for 5 minutes. The relative density, acidity, alcohol content, phenol content and antioxidant capacity were monitored in experimentally produced wine and mulled wine. The gained results showed that samples of mulled wine with added cloves had statistically significant (p <0.05) higher phenol content and higher antioxidant properties in comparison with wine before heat treatment and spices addition. The results clearly showed that mulled wine can be considered as the product with better health beneficial nutritional profile than wine from which it is produced; in addition, mulled wine sample had significantly (p <0.05) lower alcoholic content (8.27 ±0.04 vol.%).

Comparing the Neuroprotective Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts of Vernonia Amygdalina on the Cerebellum of Adult Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Ugochukwu Samuel Aguwa ◽  
Somadina M Okeke ◽  
Chijioke M Okeke ◽  
Chinyere S Eze ◽  
Benedict Nzube Obinwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Orthodox Medicine ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The solvent of extraction determines the type and amount of phytochemicals extractible from a plant material. Reports have shown that numerous African herbs are rich is potent phytochemicals which have been used in folkloric and orthodox medicine in the prevention and treatment of ailments. This research is geared towards comparing the neuroprotective potency of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on the cerebellum of mercury chloride intoxicated Wistar rats. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Group A was the negative control and had food and water only. Group B was the positive control and was exposed to mercury chloride without treatment. Groups C1 and C2 received 200mg/kg bw of aqueous and methanolic extracts respectively while groups D1 and D2 received 400mg/kg bw of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina respectively. Result of phytochemical analysis shows that water extracted more flavonoids while methanol extracted more phenols. The results of antioxidant studies show that the methanolic extract conferred more protection against oxidative stress than the aqueous extract. Histological results show that aqueous extract conferred more protection than the methanolic extract. We therefore conclude from our report that both the aqueous and methanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina confer neuroprotection on the cerebellum of Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Cancer Potentials ofRheum emodiRhizome Extracts

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatadri Rajkumar ◽  
Gunjan Guha ◽  
Rangasamy Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Pbr322 Dna

The objective of this study was to determine antioxidant and cytotoxic efficacies of methanolic and aqueous extracts ofRheum emodiWall. ex Meissn. rhizome. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation and Fe3+reducing antioxidant property have been used to investigate antioxidant properties of the extracts. Cytotoxicity of the extracts was tested on MDA-MB-435S and Hep3B cell lines. Both extracts displayed extensive cytotoxicity to the tested cell lines. The extracts were studied for their ability to protect pBR322 DNA from damage by UV induced photolysis of H2O2. The aqueous extract, though inferior to methanolic extract in its antioxidant potential exhibited efficiency in DNA protection, while the methanolic extract failed to protect the DNA. The amount of total polyphenolics in the extracts was measured by spectrophotometric method. The methanolic extract contained higher polyphenolic contents than aqueous extract. Significant positive correlations were observed (P< .05) between results of phenolic content estimation and that of antioxidant assays. Hence, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was performed to identify few major phenolic compounds that might be responsible for these therapeutic properties. These results indicate that rhizome ofR. emodipossesses antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and therefore have therapeutic potential.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-Tyrosinase and Antioxidant Properties of Four Fern Species for Potential Cosmetic Applications

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrià Farràs ◽  
Guillermo Cásedas ◽  
Francisco Les ◽  
Eva Terrado ◽  
Montserrat Mitjans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Skin Hyperpigmentation ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Tyrosinase Enzyme

Ferns are poorly explored species from a pharmaceutical perspective compared to other terrestrial plants. In this work, the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts, together with total polyphenol content, were evaluated in order to explore the potential cosmetic applications of four Spanish ferns collected in the Prades Mountains (Polypodium vulgare L., Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L., Asplenium trichomanes L., and Ceterach officinarum Willd). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) assays. The potential to avoid skin hyperpigmentation was tested by inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme, as this causes melanin synthesis in the epidermis. All ferns were confirmed as antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase agents, but interestingly hydrophilic extracts (obtained with methanol) were more potent and effective compared to lipophilic extracts (obtained with hexane). Polypodium vulgare, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, and Ceterach officinarum methanolic extracts performed the best as antioxidants. Polypodium vulgare methanolic extract also showed the highest activity as a tyrosinase inhibitor.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts and Essential Oils of Red Beets Beta vulgaris Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shokouh Ahmadi ◽  
Sabihe Soleimanian-Zad ◽  
Davood Zaeim
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Red Beet

: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of aqueous and methanolic extracts, as well as essential oils of red beet leaves. The leaves were purchased from local farms in Isfahan province, Iran. After drying the leaves, their extracts were obtained by water and methanol as solvent, and also essential oils of the leaves were extracted through the hydro-distillation method. Antibacterial activity of the extracts and essential oils was determined against five foodborne bacteria by disc-diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration method. Moreover, the antifungal activity of the samples was examined by the contact phase method against five fungi species. The aqueous extract of red beet leaves did not show any antimicrobial activity against the studied species, whereas the methanolic extract inhibited the growth of four strains of the bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis. Essential oil had an inhibitory effect against B. cereus, S. enteritidis, and S. aureus. Furthermore, the aqueous and methanolic extracts and essential oils had a variable degree of antifungal activity against all tested fungi. However, the methanolic extract and essential oils had a stronger antifungal effect than the aqueous extract.

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