Heteroresistance Screening of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Specimens from Hospitalized Inpatients in Cairo, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Samira Zakeer ◽  
Alaa El-Din M.S. Hosny ◽  
Ali A. Abdelrahman ◽  
Dalia M. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Very High ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Urine Specimens

Background: Heteroresistance described infections with bacterial strains which causes infections with different levels of resistance to an antibiotic and differs with age and gender. Objectives: This work determined the variations in the heteroresistance pattern for the age, gender and site of infection and the statistical analysis was done using (SPSS version 20.0) for test of significance. Methodology: Out of two hundred and fifty clinical specimens isolated from different sites from Inpatients admitted to Kasr Al-Aini hospital and Al-Demerdash hospital from different genders with different ages in the period from February 2016 to December 2017, Egypt, one hundred and forty five specimens revealed P.aeruginosa after passing several conventional microbiological methods, the antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the screening of nht4heteroresistant specimens were performed. Results: The obtained results showed that the hetesroresistance was very high in the urine specimens and very high in males more than females. Conclusion: From the statistical analysis we recommend the use of imipenem, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of heteroresistant P.aeruginosa, since they were the highly significant, effective antibiotics.

scholarly journals Respiratory changes in Parkinson's disease may be unrelated to dopaminergic dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 847-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Ulhôa Guedes ◽  
Juliana Melo Rodrigues ◽  
Aline Andrioni Fernandes ◽  
Francisco E. Cardoso ◽  
Verônica Franco Parreira
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dopaminergic Dysfunction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) during the on and off periods of levodopa and to compare with healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty-six patients were analyzed with Hoehn and Yahr scores (2-3) and 26 age and gender matched-controls. Statistical analysis was performed with Student's t-test for paired and independent samples. RESULTS: MIP and MEP values in patients were significantly lower than the values obtained in controls both for off and on stages -excepted for MIP in women (p=0.28). For patients with PD, the studied parameters did not differ between stages on and off, with the exception of MEP in women (p=0.00). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PD have respiratory pressure lower than controls, even in early stages of the disease, and dopamine replacement has little impact over these respiratory pressures. These findings suggest that respiratory changes in PD may be unrelated to dopaminergic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Susceptibility to Ulcerative Colitis and Genetic Polymorphisms of A251G SOD1 and C-262T CAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadier El-Kheshen ◽  
Maryam Moeini ◽  
Mostafa Saadat
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

SummaryBackground: Reactive oxygen species can attack and damage almost every molecule found in living cells, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and DNA. For this reason, their production is normally tightly controlled. Among the most important defenses against these radicals are the super oxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes and catalase (CAT). In creasing attention has been given to the role of reactive oxygen metabolites in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), which is defined as an idiopathic and chronic intestinal inflammation. Accordingly, we hypothesized a relation between genetic polymorphisms in the two antioxidant enzymes SOD1 A251G (rs2070424) and CAT C-262T (rs1001179) and the risk of UC.Methods: The present case-control study included 109 UC patients (46 males and 50 females) and 186 (67 males and 119 females) gender-matched healthy controls. Genotyping was done by the PCR-RFLP method.Results: After adjusting for age and gender, a significant association was observed between the AG+GG genotypes of SOD1 A251G polymorphism (vs. AA genotype) and risk of UC (OR=0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.86, P= 0.025) after adjusting for age and gender. Our statistical analysis revealed that the CAT C-262T polymorphism did not associate with the risk of UC before and/or after adjusting for age and gender.Conclusions: Based on the present statistical analysis, the G allele of the SOD1 A251G polymorphism decreases the risk of UC, thus it might be assumed that the G allele has a protective role.

Suicides in Northern India: Causes, methods used and prevention

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
B R Sharma ◽  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
Dasari Harish ◽  
Krishan Vij
Keyword(s):  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Public ◽  
Northern India ◽  
The North ◽  
North Indians ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Motivating Factor ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Very High ◽  
Commit Suicide

Suicide patterns and rates differ in various populations and cultures. It has been reported that developing countries have lower suicide rates, possibly because of a lower level of environmental stress but the Indians have a very high suicide rate (Elfawal, 1999). The choice of method used to commit suicide depends on availability of means, knowledge about lethal effectiveness, and the victim's motivation and intent. The present work was designed to investigate the different methods of self-destruction, the age and gender susceptibility to suicide, the groups particularly affected and the underlying motivating factor for such an extreme step among the North Indians. Various suggestions relating to decreasing the tensions of the modern mechanical life-style, educating the public in general and the availability, use and storage of agrochemicals have been put forward. Marriage counselling and the concept of family planning are also advocated.

scholarly journals A Comparative Statistical Analysis on the Incidence of Developmental, Inflammatory and Neoplastic Odontogenic Cysts—A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Italy

Oral ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Antonio Barresi ◽  
Giacomo Oteri ◽  
Angela Alibrandi ◽  
Matteo Peditto ◽  
Silvia Rapisarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Patient Gender ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Comparative Statistical Analysis ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
Maxillary Region

The aim of this study was a comparative statistical analysis of three categories of maxillary odontogenic cysts, evaluating frequency in relation to localization (mandibular or maxillary region), age and gender of patients. The study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at the University Hospital of Messina. Three hundred and fifty-six maxillary odontogenic cysts were classified into 283 inflammatory, 43 developmental and 30 neoplastic cysts. Female patients are more affected by developmental odontogenic cysts, while male patients are more affected by inflammatory odontogenic cysts. Both the mandibular and maxillary regions were affected mainly by inflammatory odontogenic cysts; no significantly statistic relationship was found between lesions and age. A significant association between odontogenic cyst lesions and patient gender was found. No significant association between histological features of lesion and age of patient was observed, nor subtype of odontogenic disease and localization (mandibular or maxillary).

Characteristics of Handwriting of Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Wellingham-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Neurological Damage ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One

Multiple sclerosis is a widespread neurological disorder with a variety of symptoms, some of which are noticeable in handwriting. The handwritings of two groups of 23 subjects each (people with multiple sclerosis and a comparison group), matched for age and gender, were compared, using the Roman-Staempfli Psychogram, a graphological charting system with seven additional categories. Of 50 indicators examined, statistical analysis showed means of 37 to be significantly different. The one-way analyses of variance showed that 26 of the 32 indicators originally expected to be significantly different between the groups were. 14 of the 17 predictions of higher MS scores were significantly confirmed as were 11 of the 15 predictions of lower MS scores. These results suggest that neurological damage is reflected in handwriting and can be measured graphologically for physical or psychological characteristics. Possible reasons for variance from the hypotheses were discussed.

scholarly journals Machine learning techniques to predict different levels of hospital care of CoVid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Hernández-Pereira ◽  
Oscar Fontenla-Romero ◽  
Verónica Bolón-Canedo ◽  
Brais Cancela-Barizo ◽  
Bertha Guijarro-Berdiñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prediction Problems ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn this study, we analyze the capability of several state of the art machine learning methods to predict whether patients diagnosed with CoVid-19 (CoronaVirus disease 2019) will need different levels of hospital care assistance (regular hospital admission or intensive care unit admission), during the course of their illness, using only demographic and clinical data. For this research, a data set of 10,454 patients from 14 hospitals in Galicia (Spain) was used. Each patient is characterized by 833 variables, two of which are age and gender and the other are records of diseases or conditions in their medical history. In addition, for each patient, his/her history of hospital or intensive care unit (ICU) admissions due to CoVid-19 is available. This clinical history will serve to label each patient and thus being able to assess the predictions of the model. Our aim is to identify which model delivers the best accuracies for both hospital and ICU admissions only using demographic variables and some structured clinical data, as well as identifying which of those are more relevant in both cases. The results obtained in the experimental study show that the best models are those based on oversampling as a preprocessing phase to balance the distribution of classes. Using these models and all the available features, we achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 76.1% and 80.4% for predicting the need of hospital and ICU admissions, respectively. Furthermore, feature selection and oversampling techniques were applied and it has been experimentally verified that the relevant variables for the classification are age and gender, since only using these two features the performance of the models is not degraded for the two mentioned prediction problems.

scholarly journals Assessing the age- and gender-dependence of the severity and case fatality rates of COVID-19 disease in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Moraga ◽  
David I. Ketcheson ◽  
Hernando C. Ombao ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Disease Onset ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gender Dependence ◽  
Inform Decision Making ◽  
Different Levels

Background: The assessment of the severity and case fatality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the determinants of its variation is essential for planning health resources and responding to the pandemic. The interpretation of case fatality rates (CFRs) remains a challenge due to different biases associated with surveillance and reporting. For example, rates may be affected by preferential ascertainment of severe cases and time delay from disease onset to death. Using data from Spain, we demonstrate how some of these biases may be corrected when estimating severity and case fatality rates by age group and gender, and identify issues that may affect the correct interpretation of the results. Methods: Crude CFRs are estimated by dividing the total number of deaths by the total number of confirmed cases. CFRs adjusted for preferential ascertainment of severe cases are obtained by assuming a uniform attack rate in all population groups, and using demography-adjusted under-ascertainment rates. CFRs adjusted for the delay between disease onset and death are estimated by using as denominator the number of cases that could have a clinical outcome by the time rates are calculated. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to compare CFRs obtained using different levels of ascertainment and different distributions for the time from disease onset to death. Results: COVID-19 outcomes are highly influenced by age and gender. Different assumptions yield different CFR values but in all scenarios CFRs are higher in old ages and males. Conclusions: The procedures used to obtain the CFR estimates require strong assumptions and although the interpretation of their magnitude should be treated with caution, the differences observed by age and gender are fundamental underpinnings to inform decision-making.

scholarly journals Medication swallowing difficulties in people without dysphagia

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Flavia Souza ◽  
Weslania Viviane Nascimento ◽  
Leda Maria Tavares Alves ◽  
Ana Cristina Viana Silva ◽  
Rachel Aguiar Cassiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the difficulty in swallowing medications and correlate it with age and gender in healthy adults and elderly. Methods: a total of 439 asymptomatic healthy volunteers (270 females and 169 males), who were not taking any medication on a regular basis, aged from 20 to 84 years, were questioned as for dysphagia, by using the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Question number five of the EAT-10, specifically, approached the difficulty in swallowing drugs, considering zero as “no swallowing problem” and 1 to 4 as “some degree of difficulty” (4 as great difficulty).The chi-square test (x2) was used for the statistical analysis. Results: a total of 365 (83%) volunteers reported having no difficulty in swallowing medications (89% of men and 80% of women), whereas 74 (17%) reported some degree of difficulty (11% of men and 20% of women)(p = 0.01). These represented 20% of those aged between 20 and 49, and 9% of those aged 50 and over (p = 0.02). Conclusion: in this study, it was observed that both age and gender influence on medication swallowing, a difficulty more frequent among women and young adults. Some degree of difficulty was reported by 17% of the volunteers.

scholarly journals Wie skryf wat vir wie? ’n Outeursprofiel van die Afrikaanse kinder- en jeugprosa (fiksie) 1990-2001

Literator ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-42
Author(s):  
M. Snyman
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Who writes what for whom? An authors’ profile of Afrikaans children’s and youth prose (fiction) 1990-2001 In this article a profile of authors in the production category Afrikaans children’s and youth prose (fiction) for the period 1990-2001 is compiled according to selected categories. The profile attempts to determine whether trends can be identified and statements and opinions of researchers with regard to this production category be corroborated by inferences drawn from this profile. Among others, the article addresses issues such as the age and gender of authors, the relation between authors and publishers and the influences of prices and awards on the publishing and writing patterns in this production category. It was found that a statistical analysis of authors involved in this publication category corroborated perceptions and findings of researchers in the field and can also identify and predict trends and problems.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk profiles and 20-year mortality in older people: gender differences in the Pro.V.A. study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Trevisan ◽  
Giulia Capodaglio ◽  
Eliana Ferroni ◽  
Ugo Fedeli ◽  
Marianna Noale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Profile ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractThe age- and gender-related cardio-metabolic changes may limit the applicability of guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in older people. We investigated the association of cardiovascular risk profile with 20-year all-cause and CVD-mortality in older adults, focusing on age- and gender-specific differences. This prospective study involved 2895 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years who participated in the Pro.V.A study. The sum of achieved target levels (smoking, diet, physical activity, body weight, blood pressure, lipids, and diabetes) recommended by the European Society of Cardiology 2016 guidelines was assessed in each participant. From this sum, cardiovascular risk profile was categorised as very high (0–2), high (3), medium (4), low (5), and very low (6–7 target levels achieved). All-cause and CV mortality data over 20 years were obtained from health registers. At Cox regression, lower cardiovascular risk profile was associated with reduced 20-year all-cause mortality in both genders, with stronger results for women (HR = 0.42 [95%CI:0.25–0.69] and HR = 0.61 [95%CI:0.42–0.89] for very low vs. very high cardiovascular risk profile in women and men, respectively). This trend was more marked for CVD mortality. Lower cardiovascular risk profile was associated with reduced all-cause and CVD mortality only in men < 75 years, while the associations persisted in the oldest old women. A lower cardiovascular risk profile, as defined by current guidelines, may reduce all-cause and CVD mortality in older people, with stronger and longer benefits in women. These findings suggest that personalised and life-course approaches considering gender and age differences may improve the delivery of preventive actions in older people.

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