Оxidative stress and endogenous intoxication in cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 401-406
Author(s):  
Marina Mikhailovna Dobrovolskaya ◽  
G. N. Zubrikhina ◽  
V. N. Blindar ◽  
A. V. Sytov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Functional Iron Deficiency ◽  
Malignant Liver

In the blood serum of 93 patients with various localities of the malignant process, the content of nitric oxide (NO), indicators of lipid peroxidation (POL): superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione in red blood cells were determined. 9 patients with ovarian cancer were examined during chemotherapy (6 courses), 40 patients with colon cancer, previously operated, were with malignant liver damage. In 39 patients with anemia, NO indicators were compared with the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and hepcidin-25 (GP-25). As a control, 60 practically healthy individuals were examined. It was shown that the NO content was significantly reduced in 69.7% of patients, regardless of the location of the primary tumor. There was a gradual increase in the NO content before each course of chemotherapy. A high concentration of NO (more than 22 µM) was detected in 22 patients with functional iron deficiency (FJ) against the background of anemia of chronic diseases (AHZ), which was accompanied by hyperexpression of IL-6 (27.0±10.5 pg/ml) and GP-25 (25.2±7.1 ng/ml). In contrast, the lowest NO values (less than 22 µM) were observed in 17 patients with IDA. There is no doubt that there is a certain relationship between the development of oxidative stress with the accumulation of highly toxic lipoperoxidation products that affect the overall homeostasis of the body, and the development of anemic syndrome.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and antioxidative activities of ethanol seed extract of Hunteria umbellate (Hallier F.) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubanke O. Ogunlana ◽  
Babatunde O. Adetuyi ◽  
Miracle Rotimi ◽  
lohor Esalomi ◽  
Alaba Adeyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Group 5

Abstract Background Diabetes, a global cause of mortality in developing countries is a chronic disorder affecting the metabolism of macromolecules and has been attributed to the defective production and action of insulin characterized by persistent hyperglycemic properties. This global disorder harms organs of the body such as the liver, kidney and spleen. Medicinal plants such as Hunteria umbellate have been shown to possess hypoglycemic, antioxidative and anti-diabetic properties owing to the high concentration of active phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and alkaloids. The present study seeks to evaluate the hypoglycemic activities of ethanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellate on streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Methods Thirty (30) female experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups with six rats per group and were administered streptozotocin (STZ) and Hunteria umbellate as follows. Group 1 served as control and was given only distilled water, group 2 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ; Group 3 was administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 100 mg/kg metformin; group 4 rats were administered 60 mg/kg STZ and 800 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate, group 5 rats 60 mg/kg STZ and 400 mg/kg Hunteria umbellate. The fasting blood glucose level of each rat was measured before sacrifice. Rats were then sacrificed 24 h after the last dose of treatment. Results The results showed that Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in fasting blood glucose and increase in body and organs weight of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced decrease in antioxidant enzyme in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Hunteria umbellate significantly reversed STZ-induced increase in oxidative stress markers in liver, kidney and spleen of rats. Conclusion Collectively, our results provide convincing information that inhibition of oxidative stress and regulation of blood glucose level are major mechanisms through which Hunteria umbellate protects against streptozotocin-induced diabketes rats.

scholarly journals Colorimetry-Based Detection of Nitric Oxide from Exhaled Breath for Quantification of Oxidative Stress in Human Body

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Muni Raj Maurya ◽  
Haseena Onthath ◽  
Hagar Morsy ◽  
Najam-US-Sahar Riyaz ◽  
Muna Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Monitoring exhaled breath is a safe, noninvasive method for determining the health status of the human body. Most of the components in our exhaled breath can act as health biomarkers, and they help in providing information about various diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) is one such important biomarker in exhaled breath that indicates oxidative stress in our body. This work presents a simple and noninvasive quantitative analysis approach for detecting NO from exhaled breath. The sensing is based on the colorimetric assisted detection of NO by m-Cresol Purple, Bromophenol Blue, and Alizaringelb dye. The sensing performance of the dye was analyzed by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. The study covers various sampling conditions like the pH effect, temperature effect, concentration effect, and selective nature of the dye. The m-Cresol Purple dye exhibited a high sensitivity towards NO with a detection limit of ~0.082 ppm in the linear range of 0.002–0.5 ppm. Moreover, the dye apprehended a high degree of selectivity towards other biocompounds present in the breath, and no possible interfering cross-reaction from these species was observed. The dye offered a high sensitivity, selectivity, fast response, and stability, which benchmark its potential for NO sensing. Further, m-Cresol Purple dye is suitable for NO sensing from the exhaled breath and can assist in quantifying oxidative stress levels in the body for the possible detection of COVID-19.

Limited value of routine iron studies prior to initiation of erythropoietin therapy in patients with ovarian cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 19677-19677
Author(s):  
G. Riebandt ◽  
S. A. South ◽  
K. Odunsi ◽  
S. Lele ◽  
K. Rodabaugh
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Functional Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficient

19677 Background: Anemia is a common consequence of cancer which significantly impacts patient quality of life. The mainstay of treatment for cancer- and chemotherapy-related anemia is erythropoietin therapy. However, approximately 30% to 50% of patients will not respond to these growth factors. The literature attributes this lack of response to functional iron deficiency, when iron stores are normal but the body cannot meet the increased rate of erythropoiesis. We evaluated the iron status of patients with ovarian malignancies receiving chemotherapy and erythropoietin therapy to establish a baseline for implementation of an intervention service. Methods: After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval, we identified 55 ovarian cancer patients receiving erythropoietin therapy from January to December 2005. We then performed a retrospective chart review for patients who had iron studies available. Results: Thirty-four patients had complete iron studies performed, while an additional 10 had only a ferritin level obtained. The mean hemoglobin for all patients was 9.9g/dl (6.9–13.1) with a mean MCV (mean corpuscular volume) of 92.7fl. Four (12%) patients were iron deficient based on ferritin <100ng/ml and iron saturation <20%. However, these patients had normal MCVs, indicating iron deficiency was not the etiology of their anemia. A few patients were assessed for B12 and folate deficiency, but none were identified. Interestingly, we had 22 patients with elevated ferritin levels (greater than 322ng/ml), with the highest being 2178ng/ml. Conclusions: Our results identified a few patients who were iron deficient, but none were diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, the role of routine iron screening in patients with a normal MCV prior to initiation of erythropoietin therapy is in question. We believe that functional iron deficiency may contribute to anemia in our population. Therefore, we suggest that all patients receive iron supplementation at erythropoietin therapy initiation. We plan to prospectively assess the optimal route of iron administration in ovarian cancer patients in order to improve the response rate to erythropoietic growth factors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals New Modified Method for Determination of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in Plasma of Vitiligo Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2502-2509
Author(s):  
Jwan Abdulmohsin Zainulabdeen ◽  
Aymen Abdulsattar Al-kinani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Oxide Concentration ◽  
Nitric Oxide Concentration ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Vitiligo is a non-contagious skin disorder that characterized by depigmentation of skin due to melanocyte impairment which may be caused to increase levels of free radicals (such as superoxide and nitric oxide) that causing an increase in oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was measured by the activity of oxide synthase (NOS) by our modified method and nitric oxide concentration in plasma of vitiligo patients. The activity of nitric oxide synthase was determined via a modified method by coupling two methods; the first method was based on converting L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide and the second was used to measure the concentration of nitric oxide. This modified method was applied to patients with vitiligo disease and healthy individuals who matched in age and gender with patients. The condition of this modified method was optimized and the results revealed the following: the activity of NOS was higher in a solution that contains: Tris buffer (50mM), arginine (100mM), calcium chloride (20mM), and NADPH (5mM) during 30 minutes, meanwhile the precision of this method was 2.03. In the current study, the results show that the levels of NOS activity and nitric oxide were affected by the disease in which both parameters appeared highly significant increases in vitiligo patients (p=0.000 and 0.002 respectively) in comparison with the healthy individuals. Results of the experiments proved that it is possible to depend on the modified method to measure the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Also, the increased levels of NOS activity and nitric oxide concentration in vitiligo patients support the autocytotoxic hypothesis which suggests that oxidative stress may have a role in melanocyte impairment.

scholarly journals Estimation of Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde, and Adenosine Deaminase in Serum of Hypertensive Patients and Normotensive Individuals in Erbil City

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Gulzar I. Ibrahim1 ◽  
Saman M. Abdulkareem2 ◽  
Lutfiya M. Hasan1
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
And Gender

This study was aimed to estimate nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the serum of hypertensive patients. Fifty patients (25 males and 25 females) age 40-70 diagnosed with hypertension involved in the study. Fifty healthy individuals, who had no hypertension in the last year, were identified as the control group. NO, MDA and ADA have performed accordingly. MDA was higher with aging and gender in hypertensive patients. Serum level of MDA was higher in females compared with male due to oxidative stress more in female than a male with aging. ADA was higher among hypertensive with aging, though no significant differences among gender. Serum level of NO was lower with aging with no significant differences among gender.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.043

scholarly journals Mature Twin Neonates Exhibit Oxidative Stress via Nitric Oxide Synthase Dysfunctionality: A Prognostic Stress Marker in the Red Blood Cells and Umbilical Cord Vessels

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Payal Chakraborty ◽  
Krisztina N. Dugmonits ◽  
Hajnalka Orvos ◽  
Edit Hermesz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Intrauterine hypoxic condition increases the generation of reactive oxygen species and fetal oxidative stress. Multiple pregnancy always bears an additional oxidative stress condition with severe complications, such as prematurity, structural abnormalities, delayed development and low birthweight. The umbilical cord (UC) vessels, along with circulating fetal red blood cells (RBCs), highly determine the oxygenation status of fetus and regulate the feto-placental circulation. As UC lacks innervation, the activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is fundamental for proper NO production. Therefore, we aimed to study the NOS3 activation pathways along with damages to macromolecules in the endothelium of UC vessels and RBCs of mature non-discordant twins, in connection to major differences in their birth weight. We provide evidence that, under severe hypoxic conditions such as twin pregnancy, the NOS3-related NO production pathways are altered both in UC vessels and RBCs; moreover, the extent of changes is highly birthweight-specific. Furthermore, macromolecular damages are prominent in the RBCs and arteries compared to the vein, with a similar increase in the Arginase1 level, which is believed to play a role in NOS3 functionality, resulting in endothelial dysfunctionality, which might have relevance to the major etiologies of cardiovascular diseases in later life.

scholarly journals METABOLISM OF HOMOCYSTEIN AND GLUTATHIONE IN ERYTHROCYTES IN HYPOTHERMAL STORAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
V.V. Ramazanov ◽  
E.L. Volovelskaya ◽  
S.V. Rudenko ◽  
A.Yu. Semenchenko ◽  
V.A. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Hemoglobin Oxidation ◽  
Stimulation Of

When hypothermic storage of red blood cellsб there is a decrease in the level of glutathione and an increase in the concentration of homocysteine, at the same time, inclusion in the medium of substrate amino-acids of the synthesis of glutathione activates the utilization of this cytotoxin. Moreover, stimulation of the synthesis of glutathione reduces the loss of membrane proteins and lowers the intensity of hemoglobin oxidation that ensures the preservation of the osmotic stability of erythrocytes. Red blood cells as a component of the body redox homeostasis absorb and neutralize reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which normally determine a certain antioxidant potential and are not enough to maintain the structural and functional state of red blood cells after isolation from donor blood and storage. Oxidative stress in cells, including red blood cells, in various pathologies usually causes a decrease in the level of glutathione and an impairment of its synthesis that leads to an increase in the production of homocysteine ​​and its entry into the blood plasma. Homocysteine ​​is a cytotoxic amino acid that enhances the production of superoxide, limits the bioavailability of nitric oxide and causes the development of vascular pathology. The data presented in the review indicate that stimulation of the antioxidant potential of erythrocytes during the storage may prevent the development of oxidative stress and inflammation during subsequent transfusion. In addition, the preservation of the viability indicators of various cells during cryopreservation in a medium with substrate amino-acids shows that stimulation of the antioxidant potential contributes to an increase in the cell resistance to the damaging factors of freeze-thawing.

scholarly journals PO-133 Effects of different concentrations of hydrogen on oxidative stress in rats with high intensity exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Geng ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Chenggang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced

Objective Exercise-induced oxidative stress is due to the massive increase in free radicals caused by strenuous exercise, which exceeds the ability of self-clearing. It is one of the main causes of sports injury and sports fatigue. Eliminating excessive production of free radicals is the key to alleviating exercise induced oxidative damage. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the effect of hydrogen on exercise-induced oxidative damage, to explore its possible mechanism and to explore the best dose of hydrogen with different concentrations. Methods 40 male SD rats (200±20g) were randomly divided into five groups(n=8):sedentary, exercise control, low concentration hydrogen with exercise(H1), medium concentration hydrogen with exercise(H2), high concentration hydrogen with exercise(H3). The rats performed high-intensity exercise for 4 weeks, except the sedentary. rats that with Low, medium and high concentration hydrogen were placed in a hydrogen atmosphere with a concentration of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% for 1 h immediately after each exercise (keeping the concentration of oxygen and nitrogen in the environment the same as those in the air). The rats were weighed weekly during the experiment. The next day after 4 weeks of training, the samples were collected, and the contents of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T- AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined respectively. Results The weight of exercise control was significantly lower than sedentary in the third and fourth weeks of exercise (P<0.05). Compared to sedentary rats, there was no significant difference in the weight of rats between H1, H2 and H3 group. The contents of T-AOC, CAT and T-SOD in exercise control were significantly higher than those in sedentary (P<0.05). The content of CAT in H2 group was significantly decreased compared with exercise control (P<0.01). Compared with exercise control, the T-AOC and T-SOD in the H2 group showed a downward trend but no statistical difference (P>0.05), there was no significant difference between the above indexes, compared with sedentary. In addition, there was no difference in T-SOD and CAT content between H1 group and exercise control; Compared with exercise control, there was no significant difference in T-SOD, T-AOC and CAT in H3 group. At the MDA level, each exercise group increased significantly compared with the sedentary (P<0.05), and the MDA levels in the H1, H2, and H3 groups were decreased compared with the exercise control, but there was no statistical difference. Conclusions It can be seen from the above results that different concentrations of hydrogen intervention can improve the weight loss of rats after intensive exercise. More importantly, the dosage and effect of 1% concentration of hydrogen is easier to remove the excessive radicals produced by intense exercise in the body, avoid the aggravation of oxidative stress, and have very good therapeutic effect. It provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the application of hydrogen in exercise oxidative damage. 

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Fermentation ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Seonyoung Kim ◽  
Ji Yeon Lee ◽  
Yulah Jeong ◽  
Chang-Ho Kang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
The Body ◽  
No Production ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Adhesion Ability

Oxidative stress, which can cause imbalance in the body by damaging cells and tissues, arises from the immoderate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Therefore, external supplements having antioxidant activity are required for reducing oxidative stress. In our study, we investigated DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability, and the inhibition effect on the nitric oxide (NO) production of 15 food-derived bacterial strains in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Among these LAB strains, eight strains with an excellent inhibition effect on NO production were selected through comparisons within the same genera. Moreover, the selected strains, including Leuconostoc mesenteroides MG860, Leu. citreum MG210, Pediococcus acidilactici MG5001, P. pentosaceus MG5078, Weissella cibaria MG5090, Levilactobacillus brevis MG5306, Latilactobacillus curvatus MG5020, and Latilactobacillus sakei MG5048 diminished the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. In addition, the stability and adhesion ability of the eight LAB strains in the gastrointestinal tract were determined. In conclusion, the selected strains have potential as new probiotics with antioxidant effects.

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