scholarly journals Studies of management effects on fertility of purebred and crossbred exotic gilts in two breeding farms at NSUKKA, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
F. M. AGBANGHA ◽  
F. U. EZEMA ◽  
B. C. O. OMEKE
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Large White ◽  
Breeding Center ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Management Effects

Sixty healthy gilts comprising 15 Landrace (LR), Large White (LW} and LW x Hampshire (HS) breeds respectively, were selected from Federal Government (FG) breeding center at Okpuje near Nsukka and University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) farms. They were bred through 4 years (1993 to 1996) during which management effects on fertility were assessed. Gilts were mated on observation of third cyclic oestrus and at subsequent postweaning oestrus. Fertility was assessed from vital reproductive traits due to dams and offsprings. All gilts had successful first and second parity breeding. Thereafter there were increasing cases of abortion and anoestrus particularly among purebred groups in FG farms. Generally, 8 (53.3%), 6 (40.0%), 10 (66.7%) and 13 (86.7%) out of 15 dams in respective groups could attain fifth parity within four years. Both groups exhibited long breeding Intervals (ranging from 192-268 days). Purebred LW and LR offspring had slightly lower mean litter size of 8.5 ± 1.8 and 8.8 ± 1.5 compared with 9.5 ± 0.9 and 9.7 ± 1.4 (P<0.05) for LW x LR and LW x HS crossbred counterparts respectively, Birth and weaning weights and daily weight gain were similarly lower for purebred than crossbred offsprings. Attendant mortality rates of 13.1% and 15.7% for the former were significantly higher than 9.8% and 10.1% (<O.05) obtained for the latter offsprings respectively. The FG farm was more understocked, underutilized and undermanaged than the UNN farm probably because of inconsistencies arising from administrative bureaucracy. Consequently constraints are identified for improvement through efficient resources inputs, staff incentives and application of modern strategic management techniques recommended for tropical environment. Further research into stocking Hamphsire crossbred pigs in the tropics is suggested, in view of its favourable performance.

scholarly journals Effects of group size and floor-space allowance on growth performance and body components of wean-to-finish pigs in the tropical environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
B. Okon ◽  
L. A. Ibom ◽  
O. A. Bassey ◽  
M. E. Abia
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Breeding Performance ◽  
Large White ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Floor Space ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Body Components ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Average Body

Ninety large white x landrace crossbred weaners pigs with average body weights of 10.00±0.05kg 42 days of age were randomly assigned to three floor-spaces of 4.40m2 , 5.50m2 and 6.60m2 with three group sizes of 8, 10 and 12 pigs, respectively. The feeding was done with weaner ration (20% CP, 3500 kcal/kg ME), finisher ration (16% CP, 3000Kcal/1kg ME) and water was given ad libitum. The average daily body gain (ADBGs and feed: gain ratio were 0.222kg, 0.208kg, 0.180kg and 8.42, 9.13, 9.72 for group size of 8, 10 and 12 pigs, respectively. Pigs in group sizes 8 and floor-space 4.40m2 were significantly (P<0.05) higher in daily weight gain, final body weight, feed intake and feed:gain ratio compared to the other group sizes 10 and 12, and floor-spaces 5.50m2 and 6.60m2 . Again, pigs in group size 8 and floor-space 4.40m2 were significantly (p<0.05) higher in final gain and percent (%) gain on body length (BDL), body circumference (BDC), heart girth (HEG), ham length (HAL) and height-at-withers (HAW) . Based on these results, group size and floor-space allowance could be of great scientific guide to pig farmers in designing and improving breeding performance as well as commercial pig rearing in the tropics. It is however, recommended that the research be carried out on a larger scale to cater for commercial pig farmers in the tropics.

scholarly journals Effect of the estrogen receptor (<i>ESR</i>) and ryanodine receptor (<i>RYR1</i>) genes on reproductive traits of Slovak Large White, White Meaty and Landrace pigs (short communication)

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
R. Omelka ◽  
D. Peškovičová ◽  
M. Martiniaková ◽  
M. Bauer ◽  
M. Bauerová
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Ryanodine Receptor ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Large White ◽  
Ryr1 Gene ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Breeding Farms

Abstract. We investigated the effect of the estrogen receptor (ESR) and ryanodine receptor (RYR1) genes on total number of born (TNB), number of born alive (NBA) and number of weaned (NW) piglets in Large White (LW), White Meaty (WM) and Landrace (L) sows from six Slovak breeding farms. We found a significant effect of ESR locus on NW (P≤0.01) in LW, however, we observed a negative effect of BB genotype on the trait. In WM, positive associations of B allele with TNB, NBA, NW were found but the differences were not confirmed statistically. A highly significant effect (P≤0.01) of ESR locus on TNB (+0.62±0.18 pigs per copy of B allele), NBA (+0.65±0.18) and NW (+0.51±0.16) was identified in L breed. With RYR1 gene we found significantly higher TNB and NBA in heterozygous WM sows (+1.01±0.36 in TNB; +0.87±0.32 in NBA; P≤0.01). NBA was also significant in LW (+0.41±0.19; P≤0.05).

scholarly journals Effect of the oestrogen receptor (ESR) gene on reproductive traits of Large White, White Meaty and Landrace pigs

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Omelka ◽  
M. Bauerová ◽  
J. Mlynek ◽  
B. Buchová ◽  
D. Peškovičová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Large White ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Esr Gene

We investigated the effect of oestrogen receptor (ESR) gene on total number of born (TNB), number of born alive (NBA) and number of weaned (NW) piglets in Large White (LW), White Meaty (WM) and Landrace (L) sows from six Slovak breeding farms. Detection of ESR (Pvu II) genotypes was performed by the PCR-RFLP method. The frequencies of favourable B allele in LW, WM and L were 0.33, 0.25 and 0.08, respectively. We found a highly significant effect of ESR locus on NW (P &le; 0.01) in LW, however, we observed a negative effect of BB genotype on the trait. In WM, a positive association of B allele with TNB, NBA and NW was found but the differences were not confirmed statistically. A highly significant effect of ESR locus on TNB, NBA and NW (P &le; 0.01) was identified only in L breed. We found an increase of +0.62 &plusmn; 0.18 (TNB), +0.65 &plusmn; 0.18 (NBA) and +0.51 &plusmn; 0.16 (NW) pigs per copy of B allele. &nbsp;

CONNECTION g.307 G > A SNP POLYMORPHISM OF THE ALPHA-FUKOZYLTRASFERAZA 1 GENE WITH ECONOMIC-USEFUL TRAITS IN THE LARGE WHITE PIG BREED

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
H. S. Rudoman ◽  
V. M. Balatsky ◽  
V. Y. Nor ◽  
V. O. Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Its Sequencing ◽  
Large White ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
High Level

One of the top priorities at the present stage of development of pig breeding remains the development of a set of measures aimed at increasing the resistance animals to various diseases, especially – to colibacteriosis .One of the recent and effective approaches to prevent colibacillosis is using markers of selection; it involves pig genotyping by genome locuses. Chosen locuses are associated with animal sensitivity to the disease and selection of the results of genotyping of animals with increased resistance. Due to researches, one of such locuses is alpha-fukozyltrasferаza 1 gene (FUT1). Gene FUT1 is located in chromosome 6. As a result of its sequencing in the swine breeds of Large White and Swedish Landrace, single-nucleotide polymorphism (g.307 G > A SNP) has been detected. AA genotype determines the resistance of animals to colibacteriosis, while AG and GG genotypes are susceptible to this disease. According to the results of previous studies, the positive effect of allele A was determined not only on the resistance of pigs to colibacteriosis, but also on indicators of fattening and meat productivity and on reproductive performance. In Ukraine, the studies of polymorphism FUT1 g.307 G > A SNP were held fragmentedly and only on certain populations of Ukrainian Meat and Large White breed but without establishing its association with the indicators of productivity of pigs. The aim of our work was to study the genetic structure of Ukrainian Large White breeds, type 1 and the establishment of association. g. 307 G > A SNP FUT1 gene with pigs indicators of productivity. For research the 96 samples of hair were used. DNA isolation from samples with biomaterial were carried out using ion exchange resin Chelex-100. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP by method of Jorgensen et al. (2006). Using DNA analysis of this breeds locus FUT1 was determined by genetic structure. Allele frequency of allele G (0,573) and allele A (0,427) was established The distribution of genotype frequencies was not statistically significantly different from the theoretically expected, calculated by the Hardy-Weinberg criterion. Thus, according to the locus of FUT1 g.307 G > A, the breeds investigated are in a state close to the genetic equilibrium. The negative value of the fixation index by the locus FUT1 g.307 G > A indicates an excess of heterozygotes in the population, and hence the lack of targeted selection for this marker. The valuation was performed by calculating the PIC (polymorphic information content) – information content of polymorphism marker. In the analyzed pig herd for this marker, the PIC has an average value (0,367), which indicates the high level of polymorphism of the given locus and is favorable for the possibility of conducting a search for links between individual genotypes and indicators of productivity. To establish the association g.307 G > A SNP FUT1 gene with indicators of animal productivity, a one-way analysis of variance of the experimental data was used. Based on the results of a one-way analysis of variance, a significant effect of the genotypes of the FUT1gene (g.1849 G > C) on the indicator of the average daily weight gain (р ≤ 0,001), the thickness of the bacon at the level of the VI-VII vertebrae (p ≤ 0.01), reaching live weight of 100 kg (р ≤ 0,001) and breeding index of fattening qualities (р ≤ 0,01) was found. The parameter of the influence of the genetic factor on the test feature was 28,54%, 10,4%, 33,4% and 8,8% respectively. According to the investigated indicators of productivity, animals with genotype AA, which determines resistance to colibacteriosis, dominated the animals with genotypes GG and AG. Based on the results of our research and pre-published data, the multiple effect of the g.307 G > A SNP FUT1 gene is observed, which is associated with the indicators of productivity, which again confirms the polygenicity of the quantitative trait loci of farm animals. Taking into account a high level of polymorphism of the investigated gene and reliable associations of genotypes with indicators of productivity found, it can be recommended to carry out breeding of pigs using genetic information of the g.307 G > A SNP gene FUT1.

Reproductive traits and blood biochemical parameters of sows when using a vitamin feed additive “LipoCar”

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
I. A. Pushkaryev ◽  
N. M. Kostomakhin ◽  
S. V. Burtseva ◽  
N. A. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Basic Diet ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Experimental Group

The reproductive traits of sows are of paramount importance in the production of high-quality pork. The world experience of pig farming shows the need to solve first of all the feed problem. Diets unbalanced in the content of vitamins restrain the manifestation of genetically inherent high prolificacy of sows. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of feeding the vitamin feed additive “LipoCar” on the reproductive traits of sows and the biochemical parameters of blood serum. The results of research on the introduction of vitamin feed additive “LipoCar” into the diet of pregnant sows have been presented in the article. The experiment has been carried out in the production conditions in JSC “Linevsky pedigree farm” on sows of Large White breed. Pregnant sows have received a basic diet, balanced for all the normalized elements of nutrition. Sows of the experimental group in the composition of the basic diet fed the feed additive “LipoCar”. The dosage of the drug “Lipocar” was 2,1 g/head/day. “Lipocar” has been fed for 20 days. The total duration of the experiment was 3 months. When introducing the vitamin feed additive “LipoCar” into the main diet of sows in the second half of pregnancy the increase in the number of piglets in the litter by 1,6-6,8 % and the weight of the litter – by 5,6-56,2 % (P ≤ 0,001) have been revealed in comparison with the control group of animals. There was a higher content of carotene in the blood serum of sows of the experimental group by 50,0 % (P ≤ 0,01), vitamin A - by 48,7 % (P ≤ 0,05), and total protein – by 4,9 % (P ≤ 0,05).

scholarly journals Protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace, Large White and Duroc swine

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Helena Tagliaro ◽  
Maria Helena Lartigau Pereira Franco ◽  
Werner Meincke ◽  
Gilberto Silva
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Productive Traits

Fourteen protein systems coded by 15 structural loci were typed by horizontal electrophoresis to determine possible associations betweem the protein phenotypes and productive traits in Landrace (N=109), Largo White (N= 116) and Duroe (N=57) pigs, reared in Southern Brazil. Signiticant associations between protein phenotypes and production traits were detected. The most consistent interaction were observed between two protein systems (phosphogluconate dehydrogenase - Pgd and Hemopexin -Hpx) and at least one of the four performance variables considered. In Duroc breed, the Pgd phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.01), feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.001), while in Landrace significant associations were observed only with feed convertion ratio (P < 0.05). The Hpx phenotypes were associated with daily weight gain (P < 0.05) and backfat thickness (P < 0.05) in Large White and with this last variable (P < 0.01) and selection index (P < 0.05) in Duroc pigs. Since these results had not been reported previously, turther studies are need to confirm these associations.

scholarly journals Association of non-synonymous SNPs of <i>OPN</i> gene with litter size traits in pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kumchoo ◽  
S. Mekchay
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Strong Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Large White ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Acid Exchange

Abstract. Osteopontin (OPN) gene is a secreted phosphoprotein which appears to play a key function in the conceptus implantation, placentation and maintenance of pregnancy in pigs. The objectives of this study were to verify the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their association with litter size traits in commercial Thai Large White pigs. A total of 320 Thai Large White sows were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Three SNPs at c.425G> A, c.573T> C and c.881C> T revealed amino acid exchange rates of p.110Ala> Thr, p.159Val> Ala and p.262Pro> Ser, respectively, and were then segregated. These three SNPs were significantly associated with total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA) traits. No polymorphisms of the two SNP markers (c.278A> G and c.452T> G) were observed in this study. Moreover, the SNPs at c.425G> A and c.573T> C were found to be in strong linkage disequilibrium. The association of OPN with litter size emphasizes the importance of porcine OPN as a candidate gene for reproductive traits in pig breeding.

scholarly journals Association of polymorphisms in the promoter region of turkey prolactin with egg performance

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrangiz Fathi ◽  
Ghorban Elyasi-Zarringhobaie
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Breeding Center ◽  
Egg Performance ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
Prolactin Promoter

The induction and regulation of broodiness is of the most important role of prolactin in avian species. In this study, the association between prolactin promoter region alleles and reproductive traits in Fars native turkey was investigated. These traits consisted of mean egg weight (MEW), number of egg (EN) and egg mass, during the first laying period. In total, 115 laying turkeys, randomly selected from the flock of the Breeding Center for Fars Native turkey, and DNA was purificated from blood samples, 231 bp of prolactin promoter region was amplified and Genotype of Samples was determinate by PCR-SSCP technique were genotyped. Two alleles D and I were identified. Based on the results obtained, the frequency of D and I alleles were 0.67 and 0.33, respectively. Frequencies of DD, II and ID genotypes were 0.385, 0.044 and 0.571, respectively. The association analysis between the polymorphism PRL gene promoter region and egg performance was carried out. Significant relationship was found between genotypes with egg production (P<0.01). Individuals with II genotype produced higher egg production than DD and ID genotype. The results of current study showed that using information of genes related to egg production could be used to improve the performance of native turkey of East Azerbaijan province.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION IN BREEDING SOWS

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
V. O. Melnik ◽  
O. O. Kravchenko ◽  
О. S. Kohut
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Breeding Farms

Improving of fertility indicators and reproductive qualities of sows during artificial insemination in farms of different specializations is very topical issue. The introduction of artificial insemination of sows on breeding farms by the spermdoses of optimum volume, by the frozen-thawed and sex sperm requires the introduction of innovative reproductive technologies. The use of economical methods of artificial insemination of sows using a minimum number of sperm in a small volume of spermdose in order to achieve high rates of fertility and prolificacy was proven in numerous experiments of the authors. Significantly reduced spermdose may be sufficient if the sperm enters deep enough into the uterus. Vitality of sperm does not depend on the size of spermdose, but the best place for sperm to survive one oviducts where they keep the fertilizing capacity from 9 to 27 hours. So deep intrauterine insemination of sows improves conditions for sperm survival The aim was to study the feasibility and justification for widespread implementation in to production on breeding farms of intrauterine insemination of sows morder to increase their fertilization and prolificacy and  to save the boar sperm with the highest index of breeding values. Experiments were conducted in terms of selection and genetic center of Agrofirm "Mig-Service-Agro" in Mykolaiv region. In the experiment used 65 sows of live weight of 280-320 kg wiht 2-4 farrowing were. Sows in sexual hunting were showed once daily in the morning using a boar-prober. Artificial insemination was performed twice: the first time - in the afternoon and at 14-16 p.m. The second time – in the morning of the next day at 9-10 am. For artificial insemination of sows were ed using experimental spermodes with volume of 40 ml which contained 1.5 billion of a Active sperm. For the dilution of sperm was used Durasperm - KRUUSE (Denmark) the period of sperm perpetuation is 5-7 days. To enter the were semen used catheters Magaplus S, (Spain) for intrauterine insemination of sows. Analysis shows that the period from weaning to insemination has significant difference comparing sows of large White breed with Landrace breed (p <0.001), with genotype sows F1 (p <0.01) and sows of the Duroc breed (p <0.05). For all selected 65 sows duration of suckling period, was estimated which averaged 32.2 days and the average time from weaning of pigs to their sexual inclination and the first intrauterine insemination 6.8 days that meets the physiological norm. After intrauterine insemination of sows of then 48 farrowed, which wich made for 73.9%. іncluding live 5 emergency farrow  were obtained, representing 10.4% of all amount. Percentage of farrow is considered physiologically normal – 80%, or more of total insemined sows. The very low percentage of farrow 53.3% had of sows F1, and the highest percentage was found by sows of the Duroc breed – 85.7%. Pregnency of sows were received just 17, which made 26.1% and highest percentage – 46.7% was set by sows F1. Analysis of the pregnancy sows shows that on average it is 116.2 days was the longest – 117.1 days was set in Landrace breed sows and the short est 115.5 days in Large White breed, but the difference is not significant. 571 pigs were received, іncluding live 451 head, which is 78.9%. The largest percentage of іncluding live piglets obtained from sows F1 – 82.5%, and the lowest in Landrace breeds – 77.0% and Large White – 77.3%. Exit of all piglets per sow without emergency farrowings is 12.2, іncluding live – 9,8. The highest yield were obtained piglets from sows F1 – 13.1, іncluding live – 10.9, the lowest yield of sows of the Duroc breed – 10.6, іncluding live 9.1, which has significant difference compared with the control (IDPs) and other breeds.  After intrauterine insemination 8 sows showed cyclic deregulation in 20-25 days, ie repeated sexual hunt took place on average 22.3 days. These sows were inseminated by not fractional way, they farrowed and an average litter just 13.1 piglets per sow, іncluding live - 11.3 was obtained. Repeating after intrauterine insemination on 45-48-49 day in the sexual hunt came about three sows for artificial insemination by not fractional method 3 farrowed and was obtained output – 13.3 piglets, іncluding live – 11.7. It should be noted that the best sow Large White breed №12 after intrauterine insemination bore 16 pigs, іncluding live 11, sow of Landrace breed №1556 – 18 pigs, іncluding live 12, Duroc №5888 – 13 pigs, іncluding live 11, sow F1 №167 – 20 pigs, іncluding live 14 pigs. Breeding requires more careful handling with major sows taking into account their breeding value and cost, that’s why we believe that there is no need to risk causing injury genitals with intrauterine insemination if a sufficient number of spermdoses of boars-sires exist.

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