Effects of covid-19 on poultry production in south-east agro-ecological zone of  Nigeria

This study investigated the effects of Covid-19 pandemic on poultry production in South East, Nigeria. Multistage and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a total of 150 respondents for the study. The instruments for data collection was questionnaire and interview guide or schedule Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and In-depth Interview (IDI) of actors in the poultry sub-sectors were also used. Qualitative method was used for data analysis. Data collected were analyzed using both mean score analysis and content analysis. The results of the study showed that all the items considered attribute of the effects of Covid 19 as perceived by the respondents turned out positive with an accepted mean values above 2.5 except for the attribute 'Covid-19 pandemic have affected the way I relate to my customers' which gave mean score value (2.4) below the cut-off mark. The study concluded that covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the poultry industry during the period under review. It resulted in scarcity of inputs and high cost of feed ingredients leading to high cost of production and high selling price. It also led to difficulty in accessing the markets leading to dumping of products and egg glut. It was recommended amongst others that government should incentivise the production of input materials (such as maize, soyabean, etc) especially feed production through an effective input subsidization mechanism to ensure cost-effective production of the various poultry subsectors. Cette étude a examiné les effets de la pandémie de Covid-19 sur la production de volaille dans le sud-est du Nigéria. Des techniques d'échantillonnage à plusieurs degrés et téléologiques ont été utilisées pour sélectionner un total de 150 répondants pour l'étude. Les instruments de collecte de données étaient un questionnaire et un guide d'entretien ou un calendrier. Des discussions de groupe de discussion (FGD) et des entretiens approfondis (IDI) des acteurs des sous-secteurs de la volaille ont également été utilisés. Une méthode qualitative a été utilisée pour l'analyse des données. Les données collectées ont été analysées en utilisant à la fois l'analyse du score moyen et l'analyse du contenu. Les résultats de l'étude ont montré que tous les éléments considérés comme attribut des effets de Covid-19 tels que perçus par les répondants se sont révélés positifs avec des valeurs moyennes acceptées supérieures à 2,5, à l'exception de l'attribut `` La pandémie de Covid-19 a affecté la façon dont je me rapporte à mes clients qui ont donné une valeur de score moyenne (2,4) en dessous du seuil. L'étude a conclu que la pandémie de covid-19 avait eu un impact négatif sur l'industrie de la volaille au cours de la période considérée. Cela a entraîné une raréfaction

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Arterial Stiffness: Its Relation with Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome and Possible Pathogenesis

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10153251 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 3251

Author(s):

Juan J. Gagliardino ◽

Martin R. Salazar ◽

Walter G. Espeche ◽

Paula E. Tolosa Chapasian ◽

Daniela Gomez Gomez Garizoain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽

Complete Picture ◽

Preventive Strategy ◽

Metabolic Characteristics ◽

Healthy Life Style

Aims: To evaluate arterial stiffness indicators in people with prediabetes (PreD) and its possible pathogenesis. Materials and methods: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured in 208 people with FINDRISC ≥ 13 (57 ± 8 years old, 68.7% women) and thereafter divided into those having either normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or PreD. In each subgroup we also identified those with/out insulin resistance (IR) measured by the triglyceride/HDL-c ratio (normal cut off values previously established in our population). Clinical and metabolic data were collected for all participants. PWV was compared between subgroups using independent t test. Results: Women and men had comparable clinical and metabolic characteristics with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) and antihypertensive-statin treatment, almost half with either NGT or PreD. Whereas 48% of NGT people presented IR (abnormally high TG/HDL-c ratio), 52% had PreD. PWV was significantly higher only in those with a complete picture of metabolic syndrome (MS). Conclusions: Since PWV was significantly impaired in people with a complete picture of MS, clinicians must carefully search for early diagnosis of this condition and prescribe a healthy life-style to prevent development/progression of CVD. This proactive attitude would provide a cost-effective preventive strategy to avoid CVD’s negative impact on patients’ quality of life and on health systems due to their higher care costs.

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Veterinary Education during Covid-19 and Beyond—Challenges and Mitigating Approaches

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061818 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1818

Author(s):

Jennifer Routh ◽

Sharmini Julita Paramasivam ◽

Peter Cockcroft ◽

Vishna Devi Nadarajah ◽

Kamalan Jeevaratnam

Keyword(s):

Interprofessional Education ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Learning Gain ◽

The Public ◽

Core Competences ◽

Wide Range ◽

Veterinary Student ◽

Knowledge Content ◽

Video Group

The public health implications of the Covid-19 pandemic have caused unprecedented and unexpected challenges for veterinary schools worldwide. They are grappling with a wide range of issues to ensure that students can be trained and assessed appropriately, despite the international, national, and local restrictions placed on them. Moving the delivery of knowledge content largely online will have had a positive and/or negative impact on veterinary student learning gain which is yet to be clarified. Workplace learning is particularly problematic in the current climate, which is concerning for graduates who need to develop, and then demonstrate, practical core competences. Means to optimise the learning outcomes in a hybrid model of curriculum delivery are suggested. Specific approaches could include the use of video, group discussion, simulation and role play, peer to peer and interprofessional education.

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Transforming biorefinery designs with ‘Plug-In Processes of Lignin’ to enable economic waste valorization

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23920-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhi-Hua Liu ◽

Naijia Hao ◽

Yun-Yan Wang ◽

Chang Dou ◽

Furong Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellulosic Ethanol ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Substantial Improvement ◽

Selling Price ◽

Waste Valorization ◽

Lignin Valorization ◽

Capital Costs ◽

Carbon Efficiency ◽

Synergistic Enhancement ◽

Total Capital

AbstractBiological lignin valorization has emerged as a major solution for sustainable and cost-effective biorefineries. However, current biorefineries yield lignin with inadequate fractionation for bioconversion, yet substantial changes of these biorefinery designs to focus on lignin could jeopardize carbohydrate efficiency and increase capital costs. We resolve the dilemma by designing ‘plug-in processes of lignin’ with the integration of leading pretreatment technologies. Substantial improvement of lignin bioconversion and synergistic enhancement of carbohydrate processing are achieved by solubilizing lignin via lowering molecular weight and increasing hydrophilic groups, addressing the dilemma of lignin- or carbohydrate-first scenarios. The plug-in processes of lignin could enable minimum polyhydroxyalkanoate selling price at as low as $6.18/kg. The results highlight the potential to achieve commercial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a co-product of cellulosic ethanol. Here, we show that the plug-in processes of lignin could transform biorefinery design toward sustainability by promoting carbon efficiency and optimizing the total capital cost.

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38 Using pooled data for single-step genomic prediction: Impact of within-pool variance and size

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 9-9

Author(s):

Johnna L Baller ◽

Stephen D Kachman ◽

Larry A Kuehn ◽

Matthew L Spangler

Keyword(s):

Phenotypic Variation ◽

Equal Opportunity ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Single Step ◽

Pool Size ◽

Individual Data ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Breeding Values ◽

Mean Values ◽

Genetic Evaluations

Abstract Economically relevant traits (ERT) are routinely collected within commercial segments of the beef industry but are rarely included in genetic evaluations because of unknown pedigrees. Individual relationships could be resurrected with genomics, which would be costly; pooling DNA and phenotypic data provides a cost-effective solution. A simulated beef cattle population consisting of 15 generations was genotyped with approximately 50k markers (841 quantitative trait loci were located across the genome) and phenotyped for a moderately heritable trait. Individuals from generation 15 were included in pools (observed genotype and phenotype were mean values of a group). Estimated breeding values (EBV) were generated from a single-step GBLUP model. The effects of pooling strategy (random and minimizing or uniformly maximizing phenotypic variation), pool size (1, 2, 10, 20, 50, 100, or no data from generation 15), and generational gaps of genotyping on EBV accuracy (correlation of EBV with true breeding values) were quantified. Greatest EBV accuracies of sires and dams were observed when no gap between genotyped parents and pooled offspring occurred. The EBV accuracies resulting from pools were greater than no data from generation 15 regardless of sire or dam genotyping. Minimizing phenotypic variation increased EBV accuracy by 8% and 9% over random pooling and uniformly maximizing phenotypic variation, respectively. Pool size of 2 was the only scenario that did not significantly decrease EBV accuracy compared to individual data when pools were formed randomly or by uniformly maximizing phenotypic variation (P > 0.05). Pool sizes of 2, 10, 20, or 50 did not generally lead to EBV accuracies that were statistically different than individual data when pools were constructed to minimize phenotypic variation (P > 0.05). Pooled genotyping to garner commercial-level phenotypes for genetic evaluations seems plausible, although differences exist depending on pool size and pool formation strategy. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer.

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Effect of Instructing Care Program Through Group Discussion on the Quality of Life of the Parents of the Children Afflicted With Leukemia

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n5p197 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fariba Asadi Noughabi ◽

Daryoush Iranpoor ◽

Hadi Yousefi ◽

Hakimeh Abrakht ◽

Fatemeh Ghani Dehkordi

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Bodily Pain ◽

Care Program ◽

Role Of Parents ◽

The Impact ◽

Taking Care

PURPOSE: Children long-term involvement with cancer may have a negative impact on the quality of life their parents. Design and implementation of training programs for parents whose children have been diagnosed with leukemia, as the primary caregivers of children, will have a special significance and can contribute to better taking care of such children. The main purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of conducting group discussion, as care program training, on the quality of life parents whose children were suffering from leukemia.METHODS: This quasi-experimental before-after intervention study encompassed two groups of parents (in total 41) of leukemia children. To collect data, a demographic questionnaire and the shortened version of SF-36 questionnaire were used to determine the quality of life of parents. Both groups completed the quality of life questionnaires before and two months after the intervention.RESULTS: Comparison of the parents’ quality of life mean scores, obtained before and two months after training, showed that promotion in 6 domains of bodily pain, general health, emotional health, role limitation due to emotional problems, social functioning, and vitality were occurred. (P <0.05)CONCLUSIONS: Considering the important role of parents in taking care of children suffering from leukemia, introduction of care program training can be a positive step to help these parents and empower them to manage their children’s problems more systematically and will ultimately lead to improved quality of life of parents.

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Optimising postoperative discharge plans for patients undergoing surgical treatment for gastric cancer: a literature review

Gastrointestinal Nursing ◽

10.12968/gasn.2021.19.1.34 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 34-40

Author(s):

Lorena Chaparro-Diaz ◽

Maria Zoraida Rojas ◽

Sonia Patricia Carreño-Moreno

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Literature Review ◽

Psychosocial Support ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽

Partial Gastrectomy ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Gastric Cancer Patients

Background: Gastric (stomach) cancer is common, difficult to detect and has a high mortality rate. Many gastric cancers are treatable with invasive gastrointestinal surgery, including total or partial gastrectomy. These patients face many postoperative challenges, including pain, nausea and nutritional difficulties, as well as consequent anxiety and socio-economic challenges. Some healthcare institutions have implemented discharge plans as a cost-effective strategy to improve postoperative care. Aim: This systematic literature review aimed to identify essential elements to incorporate in the design and implementation of discharge plans for post-surgical gastric cancer patients. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Studies, Elsevier Scopus and the library database of the National University of Colombia. These articles were assessed for relevance and underwent thematic analysis. Findings: The search returned nine relevant articles in English and Spanish. They suggested that discharge plans should start from first contact with a nurse and integrate the patient and their family and carers into the process of home self-care and recovery. These plans should also guide nurses to provide ongoing patient education, nutritional interventions and psychosocial support, as well as prevention of thromboembolism and assistance with symptom management and coming to terms with a new life situation. Conclusions: Discharge plans reduce the negative impact of the disease and invasive procedures on patients, families and health systems, reducing unplanned hospitalisation and readmission. There is a need to develop and test supportive care programmes that are designed to meet the needs of patients and focus on improving patients' quality of life after this life-changing surgery.

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The Influence of Related Party Transaction, Profitability, Leverage and Company Size on Firm Value with Tax Avoidance as an Intervening Variable in Telecommunications and Media Companies Listed on Bursa Malaysia and IDX 2010-2018

International Journal of Research and Review ◽

10.52403/ijrr.20210419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 131-142

Author(s):

Zulaikha Rahimah ◽

Erlina . ◽

Yeni Absah

Keyword(s):

Firm Value ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Tax Avoidance ◽

Company Size ◽

Mean Values ◽

Media Companies ◽

Related Party Transaction ◽

The Impact ◽

A Company

The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the impact of related party transaction, profitability, Leverage and size of a company on firm value with tax avoidance as an intervening variable. The telecommunication and media sector in Bursa Efek Indonesia and Bursa Malaysia is chosen as the research object. The population is all the telecommunication and media companies listed in Indonesia stock exchange (IDX) and Bursa Malaysia within 2010-2018. It consists of 6 Telecommunication Company and 19 Media Company on IDX within 2010-2018. There exist a total of 33 companies in both the telecommunication and media sector in Bursa Malaysia. The sample's determination in this study is based on the nonprobability sampling method with the purposive sampling technique, in which the sample is selected with certain considerations or specific criteria. So that the sample of Malaysia is 248 and Indonesia is 139 data. Malaysia's telecommunications sector has 18 companies, and Indonesia has five companies. Meanwhile on media sector Indonesia consist of 15 company and Malaysia 12 company. This research adopts secondary data and multiple regression analysis for the regression to substructure I and II. The hypothesis mediation analysis is used to prove the mediation influence. Malaysia and Indonesia's results on Firm value: (1) Related party transaction has a positive but not significant impact. In contrast, Indonesia has a significant positive impact (2) Profitability has a significant negative impact both in Indonesia and Malaysia (3) Leverage has positive. However, not significant impact in Malaysia and Indonesia (4) Size of the company has a negative and significant impact for both country (5) Tax Avoidance has a negative but not significant impact. In contrast, Indonesia has a positive and significant impact on firm value. Related to the impact of variable independent toward tax avoidance, based on Malaysia's result, just the size of a company has the impact but negative and significant. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, Related party transaction and Leverage were known to have a negative and significant impact, and the size of the company has positive and significant toward tax avoidance. Based on Malaysia's result, tax avoidance does not impact all the independent variables on firm value. Based on Indonesia's result, the impact of company size on firm value is mediated by tax avoidance (Z). Based on the independent t-test, the variables that have different mean values are related to party transactions and company size. Keywords: Related Party Transaction, Profitability, Leverage, Size of company, Tax avoidance, Firm value.

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Medical readiness: evaluating the robustness of medical clinic staffing solutions

The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation Applications Methodology Technology ◽

10.1177/1548512916650996 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 407-419

Author(s):

Michael Q Corpuz ◽

Christina F Rusnock ◽

Vhance V Valencia ◽

Kyle Oyama

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Relative Effectiveness ◽

Discrete Event ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Wait Time ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Wait Times ◽

Staffing Mix

Medical readiness requires Department of Defense medical clinics to be robust to changes in patient demand. Minor fluctuations in patient demand occur on a regular basis, but major increases can also occur. Major demand increases can result from a number of occurrences, including mass military deployments, medical incidents, outbreaks, and overflow from Veterans’ Affairs clinics. This research evaluates a system of clinics at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in order to determine its ability to handle a 200% surge in patient demand. In addition, this study evaluates the relative effectiveness of six different staffing mix options to minimize patient wait times, also under the surge demand conditions. This evaluation is conducted using discrete-event simulation to estimate patient wait times and includes a sensitivity analysis of the increased patient demand, as well as a cost–benefit analysis to determine the most cost-effective alternative scenario. The study finds that adjustments to staffing mix enable cost savings while meeting current demands. In addition, the study finds that adjusting the staffing mix will not have a negative impact on patient wait time in the surge conditions, relative to the current staffing mix.

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Review on the Biological Detoxification of Mycotoxins Using Lactic Acid Bacteria to Enhance the Sustainability of Foods Supply

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25112655 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 2655 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Belal J. Muhialdin ◽

Nazamid Saari ◽

Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Large Scale ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Current Review ◽

Good Potential ◽

Biological Detoxification ◽

Safe Food

The challenges to fulfill the demand for a safe food supply are dramatically increasing. Mycotoxins produced by certain fungi cause great economic loss and negative impact on the sustainability of food supplies. Moreover, the occurrence of mycotoxins at high levels in foods poses a high health threat for the consumers. Biological detoxification has exhibited a high potential to detoxify foodstuffs on a cost-effective and large scale. Lactic acid bacteria showed a good potential as an alternative strategy for the elimination of mycotoxins. The current review describes the health and economic impacts associated with mycotoxin contamination in foodstuffs. Moreover, this review highlights the biological detoxification of common food mycotoxins by lactic acid bacteria.

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Promoting mobile collaborative language learning in Islamic higher education

Journal on English as a Foreign Language ◽

10.23971/jefl.v9i1.961 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Rully Agung Yudhiantara ◽

Ade Yeti Nuryantini

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

English Education ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Case Study Research ◽

Word Meaning ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Education Department ◽

Writing Feedback ◽

Collaborative Language

This study sought to explore students’ experience in using Instagram to participate in mobile collaborative language learning (MCLL). The contents they produced and shared, as well as their interaction and collaboration, were analyzed. The participants of this study were 110 students in an English education department, in three different classes,who all had taken a translation coursetheir third semester. Online tasks were assigned to students and they were required to produce, share, interact and collaborate to accomplish tasks. This study applied a qualitative method with case study research design using observation, focus group discussion and content analysis. Data were analyzed through stages namely categorization, reduction and interpretation. Results showed that the students were able to participate in MCLL using Instagram. They produced and shared contents that met the requirement of MCLL. The contents included English sentences for structural collaboration in terms of subject-verb agreement and English sentences for word meaning collaborations. They interacted with their peers by writing feedback and comments on the uploaded content. They collaborated with their peers by providing multiple interactions to accomplish tasks in MCLL like writing structural analysis, word meaning, paraphrasing sentences, and sentence translation.

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