scholarly journals Growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of finisher broiler chickens offered nutritional supplement of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) leaves extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-256
Author(s):  
A. C. Esiegwu

It is obvious that farmers cannot raise chicken without supplementary nutrients in the form of vitamins, minerals and amino acids provided either as anti-stress, immune booster or for growth and high productivity. The high cost of these conventional supplementary nutrients is becoming very alarming leading to high cost of production and consequently high cost of poultry products. Whereas, leaves of most plants in our agroecological zone contain these nutrients and can be obtained at no cost, it is necessary to utilize them for similar purposes to reduce cost and enhance the wellbeing of the animals. Moreso, the use of these plant leaves as juice extract will enhance absorption and utilization of the nutrients and enzymes contained therein. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementary fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) leaves extract on the performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of finisher broiler chickens. 200g of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) leaves were plucked and crushed. One litre of H2 O was used to squeeze the 2 extract (juice) from the 200g leaf. The leaf extract was further mixed (diluted) in clean drinking water at the rate of 0ml/litre of H2 O, 100ml /litre of H 2O, 200ml/litre of H20 300ml/litre of H2 O designated as T , T , T , T . In T The chickens were given conventional 2 1 3 4 5 2. supplement (vitalyte). Five groups of 30 broiler chicks (28 days old) of agritech breed were randomly assigned to one of the supplementary fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) leaves extract and the conventional supplement for 28 days in a completely randomized design. Each group was subdivided into three replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were fed normal broiler chicken finisher diet for all the groups. At the end of the 28 days dietary trial, results showed that average body weight changes and average daily body gains were significantly increased (P < 0.05) at T (200ml/litre of H 2O). Feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased (P< 0.05) at T (200ml/litre of H2 O) compared to T and T but similar to T and T . 4 2 1 5 2 3 T also showed high degree of cost effectiveness. Haematological indices (Haemoglobin 4 Packed cell volume, Red blood cell, White blood cell etc) did not show any significant treatment (P > 0.05) effects. Biochemical indices (such as total serum protein, urea, creatinine, liver enzyme, cholesterol etc) did not vary significantly (P > 0.05). It was concluded that the inclusion of Telfairia occidentalis leaf extract as an alternative supplement to costly conventional supplements should be administered orally at 200ml/litre of H 2O due to heavier body weight gain and cost effectiveness.     Il est évident que les agriculteurs ne peuvent pas élever de poulet sans nutriments supplémentaires sous forme de vitamines, de minéraux et d'acides aminés fournis soit commeanti-stress, soit comme stimulant immunitaire, soit pour la croissance et une productivité élevée. Le coût élevé de ces nutriments supplémentaires conventionnels devient très alarmant, ce qui entraîne des coûts de production élevés et par conséquent des coûts élevés des produits avicoles. Alors que les feuilles de la plupart des plantes de notre zone agro écologique contiennent ces nutriments et peuvent être obtenues gratuitement, il est nécessaire de les utiliser à des fins similaires pour réduire les coûts et améliorer le bien-être des animaux. De plus, l'utilisation de ces feuilles de plantes comme extrait de jus améliorera l'absorption et l'utilisation des nutriments et des enzymes qu'elles contiennent. Une expérience a été menée pour déterminer l'effet d'un extrait supplémentaire de feuilles de citrouille cannelée (Telfairia occidentalis) sur les performances, les indices hématologiques et biochimiques sériques des poulets de chair en finition. 200g de feuilles de courge cannelée (Telfairia occidentalis) ont été cueillies et écrasées. Un litre d'H2O a été utilisé pour presser l'extrait (jus) de la feuille de 200g. L'extrait de feuille a été ensuite mélangé (dilué) dans de l'eau potable à raison de 0 ml/litre de H2O, 100 ml/litre de H2O, 200 ml/litre de H2O et 300 ml/litre de H2O désignés comme T1, T3, T4, T5. Au T2. Les poulets ont reçu un supplément conventionnel (vitalyte). Cinq groupes de 30 poussins de chair (28 jours) de race agritech ont été assignés au hasard à l'un des extraits de feuilles de citrouille cannelées supplémentaires (Telfairia occidentalis) et au supplément conventionnel pendant 28 jours dans un design complètement randomisé. Chaque groupe a été subdivisé en trois répétitions de 10 oiseaux chacune. Les oiseaux ont été nourris avec un régime alimentaire de finition de poulet à griller normal pour tous les groupes. À la fin de l'essai diététique de 28 jours, les résultats ont montré que les changements de poids corporel moyen et les gains corporels quotidiens moyens étaient significativement augmentés (P < 0,05) à T4 (200 ml/litre de H2O). Le taux de conversion alimentaire était significativement diminué (P< 0,05) à T4 (200 ml/litre de H2O) par rapport à T1 et T5 mais similaire à T2 et T3. Le T4 a également montré un haut degré de rentabilité. Les indices hématologiques (volume globulaire d'hémoglobine, globules rouges, globules blancs, etc.) n'ont montré aucun effet significatif du traitement (P > 0,05). Les indices biochimiques (tels que les protéines sériques totales, l'urée, la créatinine, les enzymes hépatiques, le cholestérol, etc.) n'ont pas varié de manière significative (P > 0,05). Il a été conclu que l'inclusion de l'extrait de feuille de Telfairia occidentalis comme supplément alternatif aux suppléments conventionnels coûteux devrait être administrée par voie orale à 200 ml/litre de H2O en raison d'un gain de poids corporel plus important et d'un rapport coût-efficacité plus élevé.

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
J. O. Arogbodo ◽  
I. B. Osho ◽  
O. B. Faluyi ◽  
T. A. M. Awoniyi

This experiment was conducted for eight weeks to evaluate the haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Gallinarum (Gr. D1-1, 9, 12) and treated with ethanolic leaf extract of Chrysophyllum albidum (G. Don). The experimental design was a factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design (CRD) involving one hundred and sixty two (162) unsexed day-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks. The chickens were allotted to nine (9) groups of three (3) replicates with each replicate comprising six (6) birds of infected, non-infected, treated and untreated group. Phytochemical screening of C. albidum revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The extract and the standard drug were th administered at 7 day post infection. There were significant differences (P< 0.05) in Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Red Blood Cell (RBC), Haemoglobin (Hb), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Lymphocyte (LYM) and none in Heterophil (HET), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Monocytes, Basophils and Eosinophils at all levels. The highest values of PCV (33.67±1.86a ), RBC (3.02±0.4a ) and Hb (11.23±0.62a ) though normal were observed in the standard drug (Doxygen®) group. Most of the serum biochemical parameters were found to be within range usually seen in avian species. It was concluded that ethanolic leaf extract of C. albidum had no deleterious effect on haematological and biochemical indices of broiler chickens and hence can be further explored pharmaceutically for its usefulness in treating fowl typhoid.


Author(s):  
A. O. Amaga ◽  
O. I. A. Oluremi ◽  
C. D. Tuleun ◽  
F. G. Kaankuka

A four week feeding trial was conducted using 180 5-week old Arbor acre broiler chickens to determine the effect of feeding various duration of water soaked sweet orange peels on haematology and serum biochemical indices with a view to determining the potential of soaked sweet orange peels as an alternative to maize. Six broiler finisher diets were formulated and fed to the chickens in groups of 30 birds per diet, subdivided into 3 replicates of 10 chickens each in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 (control) was maize-based, diets 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, sweet orange peels replaced maize at various duration of water soaked 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively, and incorporated at 30% inclusion. White blood cell, red blood cell and mean corpuscular volume was depressed (p<0.05) by various duration of water soaked sweet orange peels, packed cell volume did not indicate anaemic tendency among treatment and white blood cell count did not indicate infection due to treatments. Serum protein was adequate and liver and kidney function were not compromised. Health status and nutrient absorption of birds were not compromised by replacing maize with various duration of water soaked sweet orange peels in broiler chickens.


2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
S. O. Omoikhoje ◽  
J. E. Imade ◽  
M. O. Odiase

An eight weeks feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of feeding graded level of soaked pigeon pea meal (SPPM) in wood ash extract or solution on the growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old chicks (Anak 2000) were randomly allotted to four treatment diets (1, 2, 3 and 4) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group was replicated three times with twelve birds per replicate, thus, having thirty-six chicks per treatment group. Diet 1 contained 0% SPPM in wood ash extract for 72hours as the control diet, while diets 2, 3 and 4 were formulated to contain 25, 50 and 75% inclusions of SPPM in place of soybean meal. Results showed that the average live weight, daily weight gain and feed intake as well as protein efficiency ratio were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments at the finisher phase. Broiler chickens fed 25% SPPM based diet had a higher (P<0.05) and comparable value of live weight, weight gain and protein efficiency ratio to that recorded in the control diet at the finisher phase. The haematological and serum biochemical indices revealed that albumin and total cholesterol were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment diets. The albumin value (2.2g/dl) was highest in birds fed 50% SPPM, whereas, the cholesterol value decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of inclusion of SPPM from 0 to 75%. It therefore implies that SPPM can be partially included in broiler diets up to 25% level with optimum growth performance and without any detrimental effect on the blood profile of broiler chickens.


2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F Agboola

Since the cost of feed is increasing due to the keen competition between humans and animals, there is a need to critically seek for a matching alternative. Castor seed cake, a residue after the extraction of oil from nutrients-rich castor seed constitutes a waste which can be converted into livestock feed. Thus, the study was carried out to investigate the effect of graded levels of castor seed cake diets on haematological and serum biochemical indices of weanling albino rats in an experiment that lasted 21 days. Thirty weanling Wistar albino rats were weighed individually and randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments with 3 replicates of two rats in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 was a nitrogen-free diet (NFD), while diets 2, 3, 4, and 5 had 0% (without castor seed cake inclusion), 2, 4 and 6% castor seed cake replacing soyabean meal respectively. At day 21, blood samples were obtained from two rats per replicate for haematological and serum analysis. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) observed in all the parameters (packed cell volume, haemaglobin, red blood cell, white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and platelet) measured. Similarly, diet had no effect on the serum biochemical indices (creatinine, urea, total protein and globulin) measured. Significant difference (P<0.05) was however observed in albumin (2.62 – 3.18g/dL) of rats on the different experimental diets. The albumin concentrations of weanling albino rats on dietary treatments were similar to those on the control diet but significantly (P<0.05) higher (3.09 – 3.18g/dL) than those on the nitrogen free diet. It can be concluded that castor seed cake can replace soyabean meal up to 6% inclusion level without eliciting detrimental effect on blood profile of weanling wistar albino rats.


2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Yaser Arafat ◽  
Sohail Hassan Khan ◽  

AbstractThe efficacy of humic acid (HA) as an aflatoxin (AF) binder in broiler chickens exposed to aflatoxin- contaminated feed from 1 to 42 days of age was assessed. A total of 200 birds were assigned to 20 pens, with 10 birds per pen. The following treatments (T) were applied: T1: basal diet (B); T2: B + AFB1(100 μg/kg); T3: B + AFB1(100 μg/kg) + HA (0.1%); T4: B +AFB1 (100 μg/kg) + HA (0.2%); T5: B + AFB1 (100 μg/kg) + HA (0.3%). Each treatment consisted of 4 replicates. Oxihumate was effective in diminishing the adverse effects caused by aflatoxin on body weight (BW) of broilers (P<0.05). Humic acid also showed protective effects against liver damage and some of the hematological and serum biochemical changes associated with aflatoxin toxicity (P<0.05). The supplementation of HA also enhanced the humoral immunity by counteracting the aflatoxin contamination. Results indicated that HA could alleviate some of the toxic effects of aflatoxin in growing broilers. Humic acid (0.1 to 0.3%) might, therefore, prove to be beneficial in the management of aflatoxin-contaminated feedstuffs for poultry when used in combination with other mycotoxin management practices.


2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poźniak B. ◽  
Yuan H. ◽  
J. Yi ◽  
Guo C. ◽  
Deng S. ◽  
...  

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different doses of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and sodium salicylate (SS) administration on weight gains and serum biochemical parameters in broiler chickens. This study was performed to investigate the safety of ASA and SS in chickens in conditions of moderate overdose. Seventy five broiler chickens (Sanhuangji breed) were divided into control and experimental groups. The chickens were administered orally with ASA or SS in the following daily doses: 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for 20 days. In the course of the experiment weight gains were recorded. On day 14 and day 20 the chickens were sampled for blood biochemical analysis. Investigated parameters included serum total protein, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, potassium, sodium and calcium contents as well as alanine transaminase activity. After the last samplings the chickens were dissected and liver and kidney to body weight ratios were recorded. It was demonstrated that SS at a dose of 200 mg/kg increased serum total protein level. ASA increased serum proteins at a dose of 100 mg/kg but not at a higher dose. At the dose of 200 mg/kg ASA increased the kidney to body weight ratio. In all salicylate treated groups the liver weights were lower as compared to the control. No clinical manifestations of intolerance were observed. It is assumed that chickens tolerate ASA and SS well, even in doses producing distinct side effects in several mammalian species.


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
H. O. Obikaonu ◽  
S. N. Obiora ◽  
P. Obiagwu

Attempts made to improve broiler production had been focused more on feed with little or no consideration on the impact of litter quality which is a major concern in chicken production not only because it affects the flock health and productivity, but also because it may act as potential reservoir and transmission vehicle for pathogens and potential pathogens. Since blood is considered as an important material for the evaluation of health status in animals, there is need therefore, to investigate the impact of different litter materials on the hematological and serum biochemistry of broiler finisher chicken. A56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaulate the effect of different litter materials on the haematological and serum biochemical indices of intensively managed finisher broilers. Four different litter materials were used for the experiment viz wood, shaving, Groundnut hulls; coconut husks and rice hulls. Wood shavings was used as the control owing to the fact that it is the most commonly used litter in this zone. The coconut husks were manually shred to extract the fibres which was used while the other materials were used as sourced. A toal of 120 broiler birds were used for the experiment, they were divided into four treatments (T1= Wood shavings, T2= Groundnut hulls, T3=Coconut husks, and T4=Rice hulls) of 30 birds each and sub divided into 10 birds per replicate. Each replicate was housed in a pen fitted with broding facilities. Feed and water were given ad libilum for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment blood was collected from the birds, three per treatment given a total of 12 birds. They were analyzed for haematological and serum biochemical indices. Haemoglobin values compared favourably (P>0.05) with that of the control. PCVvalues of T2 and T3 compared favourably well with that of control but significant differences existed (P<0.05) between the PCV value of T4 and the other treatments. The lymphocytes and neutrophils were not affected by the bedding materials showing that the litter conditions did not adversely affect the health and welfare of the birds. Serum protein, serum albumin and serum globulin were not affected by treatements (P>0.05) resulting in better protein efficiency ratio recorded in all the treatments. Serum electolytes calcium and phosphorus levels recorded in this study shows no adverse effect on the integrity of the liver in boosting cataion/anaion exchange. The haematological and serum biochemical indices recorded in this study showed no notable health challenges on the birds.


Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
O.R. Okwesili ◽  
C.M. Ikele ◽  
N.E., Ikeh ◽  
N.W. Anizoba ◽  
C.O. Osita

A four-week study was conducted to investigate the effect of Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract (VALE) on growth, haematology and biochemical indices of broiler finisher birds. A total of 180 four-week old Arbor acre strain commercial broilers were randomly selected and assigned to four experimental treatments namely; T1-0 ml VALE (control), T2-20 ml VALE per liter of water, T3-40 ml VALE per liter of water, T4-60 ml VALE per liter of water. Daily feed and water intake were recorded. Weekly body weight was taken and used to calculate feed: gain ratio. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from twelve broilers per treatment for haematological and serum biochemical studies. Results showed that broilers on T3 (40 ml VALE) and T4 (60 ml VALE) had significantly (P < 0.05) reduced daily feed and water intake but had a better average daily weight gain and feed: gain ratio (P < 0.05). The haematological indices of the birds showed significant (P < 0.05) differences in haemoglobin, pack cell volume, and white blood cell counts in favour of birds in T3 and T4. The biochemical indices showed no differences (P > 0.05) in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and globulin levels. Moreover, cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein levels of birds on T3 and T4 were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced compared to those on T1 (0 ml VALE) and T2 (20 ml VALE), while albumin and high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly(P < 0.05) increased. The study showed that oral administration of 40 and 60ml VALE improved performance of birds and had no deleterious effects on haematological and serum biochemical indices of birds. Therefore, it can be used as nutrient supplement in poultry production. Key words: broiler finishers, Vernonia amygdalina, growth, haematology, biochemical indices


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