scholarly journals Feed intake, rumen metabolite and some blood parameters of yearling Bunaji bulls fed graded levels of palm kernel cake

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-327
Author(s):  
R. T. Sani ◽  
H. O. Okin-Aminu ◽  
W. Idowu ◽  
N. P. Achi ◽  
S. A. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Significant Difference

The need to observe the changes taking place in the animal's body in response to external factors such as nutrition, housing system and microclimate as it affects intake, rumen metabolite, haematological and biochemical parameters cannot be over-emphasized. Against this background, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding diets containing graded levels of Palm Kernel Cake (PKC) on feed intake, rumen metabolites, haematological and biochemical characteristics of yearling Bunaji bulls. Twenty yearling Bunaji bulls with average weight of 130kg and aged 1-1.5 years were balanced for weight and allotted to five dietary treatments with four bulls per treatment in Completely Randomized Design. They were individually penned and fed diets containing graded levels of PKC at (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) and Digitaria smutsii (Wholly finger grass) hay at 4% body weight (2% concentrate and 2% hay). The feeding trial lasted for 90 days. Blood samples were collected at the beginning, middle and end of the feeding trial to determine some haematological and biochemical changes. Rumen fluid were collected at 0, 3, 6 and 9hrs intervals to determine the rumen pH, rumen ammonia nitrogen(RAN) and rumen total volatile fatty acids(TVFA) for the yearling bulls. The CP contents of the experimental diets varied between 14.19 and 17.75% while ME ranged from 11.79 to11.81MJ/kg DM. The crude fibre varied from 26.36-38.77%. Average feed intake ranged between 5.38-5.61Kg/day with animals on 10%, 20% and 40% PKC being statistically similar (P>0.05).Rumen parameters were significantly (P<0.05) affected by sampling time, such that at 0hrRumen pH was highest (7.08) and lowest at 3hrs post feeding(6.66),RAN value was similar at 0hr pre feeding (10.44 mg/100mL) and 3hr post feeding (9.93 mg/100mL) but differ at 6hr (8.25 mg/100ml) and 9hrs post feeding (8.34mg/100mL).There was significant difference (P< 0.05) among treatments for all the haematogical and biochemical parameters measured. Highest urea value was obtained at 0% PKC inclusion, animals on diets containing 20,30 and 40%PKC were statistically similar (P>0.05), Total protein ranged from 70.83 - 78.92 g/l and highest value was obtained at 30% PKC inclusion, animals on diets containing 10% and 20%PKC were statistically similar (P>0.05) but differ from 40%. The study concluded that up to 40% inclusion level of PKC could be added to the diets of yearling Bunaji bulls with no adverse effect on their feed intake, rumen metabolite and some of their blood parameters.     La nécessité d'observer les changements qui se déroulent dans le corps de l'animal en réponse à des facteurs externes tels que la nutrition, le système de logement et le microclimat, car il affecte l'apport, le métabolite du rumen, les paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques ne peuvent pas être surestimés. Dans ce contexte, une étude a été menée pour évaluer l'effet de l'alimentation des régimes alimentaires contenant des niveaux classés de gâteau au noyau de palmier (GNP) sur l'apport alimentaire, les métabolites rumen, les caractéristiques hématologiques et biochimiques des taureaux de Bunaji d'Annulation. Vingt Bunaji Bunaji avec poids moyen de 130 kg et de 1 à 1,5 ans ont été équilibrés pour poids et alloué à cinq traitements diététiques avec quatre taureaux par traitement dans une conception complètement randomisée. Ils ont été individuellement engagés et nourris à des régimes alimentaires contenant des niveaux classés de GNP à (0, 10, 20, 30 et 40%) et digitariasmutsii (à 100% de l'herbe à doigts) à 4% de poids corporel (concentré de 2% et 2% de foin). L'essai d'alimentation a duré 90 jours. Les échantillons de sang ont été collectés au début, au milieu et à la fin de l'essai d'alimentation afin de déterminer des changements hématologiques et biochimiques. Les liquides de rumen ont été recueillis à des intervalles de 0, 3, 6 et 9hrs pour déterminer le pH de rumen, l'azote d'ammoniac rumen (AAR) et les acides gras volatils rumen (AGVV) pour les taureaux yearling. Le contenu du CP des régimes expérimentaux variait entre 14,19 et 17,75%, tandis que je suis allant de 11,79 à 11,81 MMJ / kg DM. La fibre brute variait de 26,36-38,77%. L'admission moyenne d'aliments allait entre 5,38 et 5,61 kg / jour avec des animaux sur 10%, 20% et 40% GNP étant statistiquement similaires (p> 0,05). Rumen Les paramètres étaient significativement (p <0,05) affectés par le temps d'échantillonnage, tel que à 0hr rumen Le pH était le plus élevé (7.08) et le plus bas à 3 heures d'alimentation post (6,66), la valeur de AAR était similaire à 0HR pré-alimentation (10,44 mg / 100 ml) et 3hrs post-alimentation (9,93 mg / 100 ml) mais diffèrent à 6h (8,25 mg / 100 mg). et 9 heures après l'alimentation (8h34 mg / 100 ml) était une différence significative (p <0,05) parmi les traitements pour tous les paramètres hématogiques et biochimiques mesurés. La valeur la plus élevée de l'urée a été obtenue à 0% d'inclusion de GNP, les animaux sur les régimes contenant 20,30 et 40% de GNP étaient statistiquement similaires (p> 0,05), une protéine totale allait de 70,83 - 78,92 g / l et une valeur la plus élevée a été obtenue à 30% de GNP. L'inclusion, les animaux sur les régimes contenant 10% et 20% de GNPétaient statistiquement similaires (p> 0,05) mais diffèrent de 40%. L'étude a conclu que jusqu'à 40% de niveau d'inclusion de GNP pouvait être ajouté au régime alimentaire des taureaux de la Bunaji qui n'y a pas d'effet défavorable sur leur consommation d'alimentation, le métabolite du rumen et certains de leurs paramètres de sang.

Effect of humic-plant feed preparations on biochemical blood parameters of laying hens in deep litter housing system

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bubel ◽  
Z. Dobrzański ◽  
A. Gaweł ◽  
K. Pogoda-Sewerniak ◽  
E.R. Grela
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Humic Materials ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Food Mixture

AbstractAn influence of various humic-plant feed additives based on some herbs (nettle, chamomile, yarrow, perforatum), lucerne and humic materials on biochemical indices of Lohmann Brown (LB) layers blood plasma was estimated. Hens were housed in deep litter system, 20 birds in a group. Four groups were formed: control (C – standard feeding), and experimental, supplemented with preparations: E-1 herbal-humic, E-2 humic-herbal and E-3 – humic-lucerne. Hens were placed in the pens on the 16thweek of life, addition of preparations with standard food mixture started at the 22ndwk and lasted until 66thwk of life. Blood for analyses was collected four times in the following periods: 27, 37, 54 and 65thwk of life. The applied humic-plant preparations to a limited degree affected the values of examined biochemical parameters in serum: total protein (TP), albumins (Albs), glucose (Glu), urea, triacylglycerols (TAG), total cholesterol (TCh), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). It is difficult to determine based on these study, which preparation is one the most active biologically, however is seems that humic-lucerne preparation affected the examined blood parameters to the highest degree. The reference values ranges in hens blood serum LB hens were proposed for: TP (43-65 g/l), Albs (15-22 g/l), urea (0.5-1.2 mmol/l), Glu 10-15 mmol/l), TCh (2.2-4.5 mmol/l), TAG (10-24 mmol/l), AST (4-12 U/l), ALT (150-280 mmol/l) and ALP (190-350 U/l).

scholarly journals The Effect of Corn Substitution with Palm Kernel Meal Treated by Enzyme on Production Performance and Carcass Quality of Broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Halim Natsir ◽  
Irfan Djunaidi ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan ◽  
Antonius Suwanto ◽  
Esti Puspitasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

The research was aimed to evaluate the effects of substitution level of corn with palm kernel meal (PKM) untreated and palm kernel meal (PKM) treated by enzyme on production performance and carcass quality of broilers. The method used in this research was experiment using nested of completely randomized design with 2 factors, the main factor was type of palm kernel meal factors consisting of PKM without enzyme (B1) and PKM by mannanase enzyme (B2), and substitution corn level L0 (without substitution), L1 (12.5%), L2 (25%), L3 (37.5%) and L4 (50%). The different among the treatments were tested by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that corn substitution with PKM untreated and PKM treated by enzymes was significantly effect (P<0.01) on feed conversion ratio (FCR), tenderness, meat cholesterol of broilers and income over feed cost (IOFC) and significant effect (P<0.05) on feed intake, but there is no significant difference on body weight, percentages of abdominal fat and water holding capacity (WHC). Furthermore, effect of level corn substitition with PKM nested to PKM untreated and PKM treated by enzyme was significantly effect (P<0.01) on feed intake, body weight, FCR, and tenderness and significant effect (P<0.05) on IOFC, but there is no effect on percentages of abdominal fat, WHC and meat cholesterol. It can be concluded that the corn substitution with PKM treated by enzymes was better than the PKM untreated on production performance and carcass quality of broilers. The optimal level of PKM untreated as corn substitution was 12.5%. While replacement with PKM treated by enzyme can be used up to 25%.

scholarly journals Performance and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens fed avocado (Persea americana) seed meal based diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
O. S. George ◽  
G. H. Allison ◽  
O. A. Ekine
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Average Weight Gain ◽  
Avocado Seed

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of using Avocado seed meal (ASM) as a feed ingredient in broiler chickens feed. One hundred and twenty (120), one day-old cobb breed of broiler chickens were used. There were four (4) experimental diets with diet 1 (T1) serving as the control treatment with no inclusion of avocado seed meal (0.00). Diets 2,3 and 4 contained 0.50,1.00 and 1.50% inclusion of ASM, respectively. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three (3) replicates per treatment. Each treatment had 30 birds with 10 birds per replicate. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in final weight and average weight gain as T2 with 0.50% inclusion of ASM was significantly (P<0.05) higher for final weight (1338.33) and average weight gain (1290.33) than other treatments. While final weight (973.30) and average weight gain (925.33) in T4 with 1.50% inclusion of ASM was significantly lower. There was no significant difference among initial weight, feed intake and FCR. Among all the biochemical parameters observed, only magnesium and urea were significantly different. Mg content was significantly higher in T4 (32.33) and the least was observed in T1 (1.80) while urea content was significantly higher in T1 (1.80) and the least was observed in T3 (1.03). From the performance parameters that was obtained, it was recommended that 0.50% of ASM should be used for broiler production in terms of body weight.

scholarly journals Profiling of in vitro rumen digestibility, fermentation parameters and fatty acid biohydrogenation of palm kernel cake-based diet supplemented with corn

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Anwer Saeed ◽  
Umar M. Sani ◽  
Awis Q. Sazili ◽  
Henny Akit ◽  
Abdul R. Alimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

Abstract Corn supplementation can enhance the function of rumen and mitigate methane production. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate in vitro rumen digestibility, fermentation parameters and fatty acid biohydrogenation of palm kernel cake-based (PKC) diet substituted with different levels of corn. Corn was substitution into PKC basal diet at the levels; T1= (0% corn + 75.3% PKC), T2= (5% corn + 70.3% PKC) and T3= (10% corn + 65.3% PKC) of the diet. Rumen liquor was obtained from four fistulated Dorper sheep and incubated with 200 mg of each treatment for 24hrs and 72hrs. Net gas production, fermentation kinetics, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), rumen microbial population and fatty acid biohydrogenation were determined. The results of the in vitro study showed that production of gas increased from 0 hr until 9 hrs with T2 having the highest gas production during this phase. After 48 hrs, the gas production began to decrease gradually with increase in incubation time. No significant differences were observed in the IVDMD, IVOMD, NH3-N, pH and VFA at 72 hrs. However, higher significant methane gas (CH4) production was observed in T3 when compared with T1 and T2. Microbial population did not differ significantly between treatment groups for total bacteria, F. succinogenes and R. flavefaciens. The rates of biohydrogenation were not affected by corn substitution although a significant difference was observed in that of C18:1n9. In conclusion, corn substitution maintained fermentation characteristics with increasing of unsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Replacing Fishmeal With Palm Kernel Meal In Formulated Feed For The Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Nawwar Zawani Mamat ◽  
Norsila Daim ◽  
Nawwar Zawani Mamat
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

Utilisation of plant proteins to replace fish meal in shrimp feeds has become an important consideration because fish meal is becoming more expensive due to increasing demand worldwide. The potential use of palm kernel meal (PKM) in this study to substitute fish meal in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets was evaluated by conducting a 90-day feeding trial. Shrimp juveniles with an initial average weight of 0.5 g, protein content of 10.74±0.70% were randomly distributed into five treatments in triplicates. Four isonitrogenous (approximately 35% protein) diets were formulated to contain 0% (D0), 25% (D25), 50% (D50) and 75% (D75) of PKM replacement and a commercial feed served as control treatment (Control). Results from this study revealed that shrimps fed D25 were comparable with those fed with Control as there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) between the groups. However, PKM inclusions above 50% showed detrimental effects on the growth performance. The highest total protein percent was observed in shrimp tissues fed with D25 (67.59±0.87%) and D75 showed the lowest protein among the treatments (57.4±0.63%) (p<0.05). Total lipid content was observed high in shrimps fed with Control (4.33±2.96%) and decreased with PKM replacement levels. The highest carbohydrate was found in shrimps fed with D75 (16.75±0.04%) and the lowest was found in shrimps fed with D25 (14.67±0.07%). When PKM is utilised to replace FM, a limit of 25% level should be recommended.

scholarly journals The Effect of Combined Feed Additives on Growing Pigs’ Performance and Digestive Tract Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Nowak ◽  
Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka ◽  
Anita Zaworska ◽  
Włodzimierz Nowak ◽  
Barbara Stefańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 6

AbstractThe aim of the research was to determine the affectivity of 4 different eubiotic preparations on the growth performance of pigs, microbial status, the integrity of intestinal mucosa, and some blood parameters. The experiment was conducted for 28 days on 48 male piglets allocated to six dietary treatments. Group 1 was offered a diet without eubiotic; 2 – a diet with acids mixture; 3 – phytobiotic, medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and yeast; 4 – probiotic, MCFA, and yeast; 5 – phytobiotic, probiotic, acids mixture, and sodium butyrate; 6 – phytobiotic, probiotic, MCFA, and sodium butyrate. The average daily weight gains and feed intake were recorded. Blood samples, digesta samples, and ileal tissue samples were collected for studies. There was no significant difference in gain, feed intake, or FCR among the treatments as well as in the ileal and caecal pH value, microbial content, and total SCFA content in caecal digesta. Ammonia content in ileal digesta was significantly higher in comparison with other groups and in caecal digesta was significantly higher in group 6 in comparison with groups 1 and 2. Villi height was significantly higher (P<0.05) in groups 2, 3 and 6 compared to the control. Villi height to crypt depth ratio was significantly higher (P<0.05) in groups 5 and 2, but the most promising effects seem to be from combinations 3 and 4. In comparison with control: in groups 2, 3 and 5 higher ALT, glucose and triglyceride; in groups 3, 4 and 5 higher total protein and cholesterol; in group 4 higher albumin and in group 6 higher BUN, were found. Generally, used eubiotic preparations affected gut morphology and some blood parameters but did not affect microbiota, pig growth or feed utilization.

scholarly journals Performance characteristics of goats fed supplemental cocoa seed testa-based diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-166
Author(s):  
A. O. Akinola ◽  
O. O. Leramo ◽  
O. O. Akinlade
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
West African ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
West African Dwarf Goat ◽  
Seed Testa

An increase in goat production in the tropics have led to continuous competition with humans  for food as most protein given conventional feedstuff (Groundnut cake, Palm kernel cake, Soybean) among others are becoming scarce and expensive, thus, there is need to find non conventional feeding material which can considerably substitute the conventional feed stuff  without negative consequences on the animal. This research work therefore, was aimed at the  performance characteristics of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats fed cocoa seed testa(CST) as a replacement for palm kernel cake concentrate supplement to a basal grass diet. Twelve West Africa dwarf goat of 15-16 months with an average weight of 16.5 kg were used for the  experiment. They were randomly allocated to three concentrates diets such that 0%, 50%,  100% were for group A, B and C, respectively of palm kernel cake (PKC) were replaced with  cocoa seed testa (CST). Each of the three groups was reared on any of the concentrate supplements fed to a basal diet of the grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis). The experiment lasted for  six weeks, in which two weeks were used to acclimatize the animals to the cages. Result of the  experiment showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in mean overall feed intake, weight  gained and feed conversion ratio among the treatments. The average daily weight gain and  overall weight gain among the treatment groups were significantly difference (P<0.05). Goats fed diet B utilized the feed better with weight gain of 2539.96 g followed by those of diet C with weight gain of 1969.94 g. Inclusion of cocoa seed testa from 50 % to 100 %  replacement for palm kernel cake enhance the growth of West African dwarf goat.     Une augmentation de la production des chevres dans les zones tropicales a conduit à une concurrence continue avec les humains pour la nourriture car la plupart des protéines étant donné les aliments conventionnels (gâteau à l'arachide, gâteau palmiste, soja) entre autres sont de plus en plus rares et coûteux, il est donc nécessaire de trouver du matériel d'alimentation non conventionnel qui peut remplacer considérablement les aliments conventionnels sans conséquences négatives sur l'animal. Ce travail de recherche visait donc les caractéristiques de performance des chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest (le 'WAD') nourries de grainesde testaà base de cacao (le 'CST') en remplacement du supplément de concentré de gâteau au palmiste à un régime basal d'herbe. Douze chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest de 15 à 16 mois avec un poids moyen de 16.5 kg ont été utilisées pour l'expérience. Ils ont été attribués au hasard à trois régimes concentrés de telle sorte que 0%, 50%, 100% étaient pour le groupe A, B et C, respectivement du gâteau de palmiste (le 'PKC') ont été remplacés par des testicules de graines de cacao (le 'CST'). Chacun des trois groupes a été élevé sur l'un des suppléments de concentré alimentés à un régime basal de l'herbe (Cynodonnlemfuensis). L'expérience a duré six semaines, au cours de laquelle deux semaines ont été utilisées pour acclimatiser les animaux aux cages. Le résultat de l'expérience a montré une différence significative (P<0.05) dans l'apport alimentaire global moyen, le poids gagné et le ratio de conversion des aliments pour animaux parmi les traitements. Le gain de poids quotidien moyen et le gain de poids global parmi les groupes de traitement étaient significativement différence (P<0.05). Les chèvres nourries de régime B utilisé l'alimentation mieux avec un gain de poids de 2539.96 g suivie par ceux de l'alimentation C avec gain de poids de 1969.94 g. L'inclusion de graines de testa à base de cacao de 50 % à 100 % de remplacement pour le gâteau au palmiste améliore la croissance de la chèvre naine d'Afrique de l'Ouest.

PERFORMANCE OF FATTENING BUNAJI BULLS FED DIETS CONTAINING GRADED LEVEL OF PALM KERNEL CAKE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
R. T. Sani ◽  
G. Z. Rekwot ◽  
W. Idowu ◽  
H. O. Okin-Aminu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Average Weight Gain

 A fattening trial was conducted for 90 days using 20 Bunaji bulls with a live weight range of 190-200kg and aged 2-2.5 years to determine fattening performance. The bulls were fed diets containing varying levels of palm Kernel cake (PKC). Four bulls per treatment were allotted to 5 dietary treatments in Completely Randomised Design. Concentrate and basal diets of Digitaria smutsii were offered at 2% body weight. The data collected from the experiment were analysed using General Linear Model Procedure of SAS, (2002) The crude protein contents of the experimental diets varied between 15.63 and 20.31% while ME ranged from 11.75 to 11.78MJ/kg DM. The crude fibre varied from 13.92 to 23.31%. Average feed intake ranged between 8.67-9.11Kg/day with animals on 10, 20 and 40% PKC showed significant (P<0.05) difference across the treatments. Average daily weight gain was highest (1.33kg) for animal on 10% PKC followed by (1.31kg) on 30% PKC inclusion. No significant differences (P>0.05) was observed in average weight gain for animals on diets containing 0 20 and 40% PKC inclusions. All the experimental bulls attained an average weight gain of between 1.13Kg to 1.33Kg. Cost per Kg gain was highest at 0% PKC inclusion and lowest at 40% PKC. Net benefit (NB) and value of weight gain (VWG) were significantly (P<0.05) higher for bulls on 10 and 30% PKC inclusion. There was positive net benefit and Return to Investment (ROI) on feed across treatments. The inclusion of PKC lead to reduction in feed 

scholarly journals Effects of xylanase supplementation on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in Rambouillet sheep

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 1110-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. VALLEJO ◽  
A. Z. M. SALEM ◽  
L. M. CAMACHO ◽  
A. M. KHOLIF ◽  
M. D. MARIEZCURRENA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Post Feeding ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Xylanase Enzyme

SUMMARYThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of adding xylanase enzyme (XY) to a basal diet containing 300 g maize stover and 700 g concentrate/kg dry matter (DM) on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, total tract and ruminal digestibility, as well as some blood parameters. Four male Rambouillet sheep (39 ± 1·8 kg body weight), with permanent rumen and duodenum cannulae were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Sheep were fed a basal diet without xylanase addition (control, XY0), or with the addition of xylanase at 1 (XY1), 3 (XY3) or 6 (XY6) μl/g of diet DM for 84 days, with four 21-day experimental periods. Feed intake, digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters were determined on days 16–21 in each experimental period, and the apparent ruminal neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility was determined on days 16 and 17. Treatments XY1 and XY3 increased feed intake, whereas digestibility was increased with XY6. Ruminal NDF digestibility increased when sheep were fed diets treated with xylanase. Ruminal pH, ammonia-N and acetic acid increased with xylanase treated diets. Propionic acid concentration increased with diet XY1 at 3 h post-feeding, but after 9 h post-feeding its concentration decreased in the rumen of sheep fed xylanase treated diets. Xylanase had no effect on blood urea, phosphorus and triglycerides. Addition of xylanase at 6 µl/g DM in a diet containing 300 g maize stover and 700 g concentrate/kg DM and fed to Rambouillet sheep improved feed digestibility and ruminal fermentation without affecting blood parameters.

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