scholarly journals Reinvestigating Foreign Direct Investment and Poverty Nexus: any Difference with the Nigerian Human Development?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Timothy Ayomitunde Aderemi ◽  
◽  
Samson Olowo ◽  
Bukonla Grace Osisanwo ◽  
Olufemi Samuel Omoyele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The People ◽  
Short Run

This study examined the relationship between FDI inflows and poverty reduction vis-à-vis Human Development Index in which majority of past studies have not fully explored in Nigeria. Data were extracted from secondary sources with application of ARDL and Bounds test technique. The major findings that came up in this study are as follows; FDI net inflows had an insignificant negative relationship with GDP per capita that measures welfare of the people in terms of the socio-economic benefits in Nigeria. Similarly, net FDI inflows had a negative but insignificant relationship with literacy rate, which measures welfare of the people in terms of educational attainment. Whereas, net FDI inflows had an insignificant positive relationship with life expectancy which measures welfare of the people in terms of health. Consequently, steaming from the principal findings that emerged in this work, the following recommendations are therefore made for the policy makers in Nigeria. When the Nigerian policy makers want to address poverty holistically in the country, the human development variables should be targeted. Also, policy measures that would stimulate FDI inflows into the country should be encouraged, and FDI inflows in the country should be utilized maximally in order to bring poverty reduction in the country in the short run.

The Role of Education and Technology Adaptation in Poverty Reduction in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Novi Firmawati ◽  
◽  
Budi Sasongko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Technological Adaptation ◽  
Education Investment ◽  
The People

This study examines the role of education in improving technology adoption as reflected in technology inclusion, poverty alleviation and efforts to increase community income which is reflected in economic growth. This study uses secondary data from world banks and processed regression using the moving average autoregression method. We found that education investment and technology inclusion were positively related to economic growth. And,negatively related to probability. This indicates that education plays a role in encouraging technological inclusion which reflects technological adaptation and encourages economic growth which is an indicator of the prosperity of the people in Indonesia which is strengthened by a negative relationship with poverty which indicates that education plays an important role in poverty alleviation

Drinking water in rural India: a study of deficiency, quality and some social implications

Water Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradip Kumar Biswas ◽  
Kasturi Mandal (Mitra)
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Public Provision ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
The People ◽  
Tube Well

There is no doubt that accessibility of drinking water for rural households in India has increased over the decades, partly owing to concerted efforts by the state and partly owing to a rise in income of the people. Public provision of drinking water is primarily made through the tap whereas private provision is through the tube well. Households opt more for a tube well than for other sources owing to its reliability. The study finds a highly significant positive correlation between overall deficiency index and poverty ratio, a significantly negative relationship between the literacy rate and the percentage of cholera cases at times of deficiency. Drinking water in rural India is contaminated and about 18% of rural households are reported to have filtered their drinking water but very few have scientifically treated it before drinking. All this indicates that there is a greater need to improve the water supply including quantity, quality, accessibility and dependability. An integrated water management approach has to be adopted to improve and build upon the existing structure which is highly decentralized and dispersed. This would have important bearing on poverty reduction, environmental sustenance and sustainable economic development.

scholarly journals Trade Openness And Inflation: Empirical Explanation Of The Nexus In Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Musa Abdullahi Sakanko ◽  
David Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government

Purpose of the study: The study aims is to examine the effect of trade openness on inflation rate in Nigeria. Methodology: Time series data were collected from secondary sources.  EViews10 (statistical software for data analysis) ware employed to analyze the data collected. Findings: The results revealed a cointegrating and one-way Granger causality between inflation rate, and trade openness. In addition, both the short-run and the long-run results demonstrate a significant and negative relationship between inflation rate and trade openness in Nigeria. Application: The study is paramount to the government and policymakers in dealing and taking a decision regarding consumer price index and trade openness in Nigeria. We conclude that the government should work towards full diversification and diversion of the economy from oil export, control, and management of the degree of trade liberalization and the extent to which goods enter the country, and the control of money supplied. Novelty/Originality: The study accorded to debate on the inflation rate, and trade openness in Nigeria looking, at both short-run and long-run effects, before few accessible studies focused on impact, and trade openness was not measured as the value of net export divided by gross domestic product. Finally, the paper contributed to the scanty of the literature.

scholarly journals Modelling the synergy between fiscal incentives and foreign direct investment in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
Adamu Braimah Abille ◽  
Desmond Mbe-Nyire Mpuure ◽  
Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni ◽  
Peter Dadzie
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Short Run

PurposeThe purpose of the paper was to investigate the role of fiscal incentives in driving foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into the Ghanaian economy based on data from 1975 to 2017 with the Eclectic paradigm as the theoretical basis. FDI inflows was the dependent variable whiles trade openness, corporate tax rate, exchange rate and market size were the independent variables with corporate tax rate as the main explanatory variable of interest.Design/methodology/approachThe autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test technique was employed to investigate Cointegration in the model. The results showed the presence of cointegration among the variables.FindingsThe results revealed that corporate tax rates have a significant negative impact on FDI inflows into the Ghanaian economy in the long run and significant positive impact on FDI inflows in the short run. In the context of Ghana, the positive short-run relationship observed is attributed to the lag effect of tax policy on FDI inflows.Research limitations/implicationsOne obvious limitation of the research is that, it does not identify the specific foreign businesses that are more deserving of a low corporate rate and to what extent can that boost FDI inflows in Ghana. Another limitation is that the data analyzed in the paper is exclusively for Ghana and the findings may not be generalized for other countries.Practical implicationsBased on the research findings, it is recommended that the Ghana Revenue Service (GRA) restructures the corporate tax regime in the country to deal with the policy lapses. It is also recommended that low corporate rates should be maintained especially in respect of foreign companies that are into the production of goods and services for which indigenous companies in Ghana have a comparative disadvantage in order to drive FDI into the Ghanaian economy.Originality/valueThis paper is unique for providing up to date and dynamic insights into the tax incentive and FDI nexus in the Ghanaian context.

Digital Opportunities, Equity, and Poverty in Latin America

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Cecchini
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter examines the digital divide that exists within Latin American countries. It argues that information and communication technology is creating new opportunities that can be seized to support human development and poverty-reduction strategies. However, it also clarifies that ICT on its own cannot leapfrog the old institutional and organizational weaknesses of Latin American economies and societies. The author hopes that understanding the deep-rooted inequalities that underlie ICT access in Latin America will not only inform researchers on the challenges for the development of the information society in the region, but also assist policy makers in the preparation and implementation of appropriate public policies.

Institution and governance - PROSHIKA's role as a civil society organization in aquaculture.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cultural Empowerment ◽  
Access To Water

Abstract PROSHIKA is one of the largest non-government development organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh. It is an acronym for three Bangla words, viz. proshikshan (training), shiksha (education) and kaj (action). Since its inception, PROSHIKA has made efforts to generate a participatory process of development and has succeeded in pioneering an approach that puts human development at the centre. The central ethos is human development and empowerment of the poor who gradually stand to achieve freedom from poverty themselves. The process is founded upon the understanding that poverty reduction and promotion of sustainable development are dependent on human and material capacity building of the poor to enable their socioeconomic and cultural empowerment. PROSHIKA implements an aquaculture programme through groups, federations and community-based organisations (CBOs) linked with government, national and international organisations and NGOs to promote access to water-bodies and to lobby with policy-makers for sustainable management of aquatic resources. PROSHIKA has enabled 256,000 men and women to directly benefit from the formation of private institutions undertaking policy development.

scholarly journals Impacts of Oil Shocks on Vietnam’s Trade Balance and Recommendations

2014 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
BẢO NGUYỄN KHẮC QUỐC
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Oil Shocks ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Balance Of Trade

This paper aims at examining impacts of oil shocks on Vietnam’s balance of trade and causal relationship between the balance of trade and relevant macro factors. Bound testing approach and ARDL are applied to data from Quarter I of 1999 to Quarter IV of 2011. The results demonstrate a negative relationship between oil price, exchange rate and trade balance in Vietnam. More specifically, a one-percent increase in the oil prices and exchange rate causes the trade balance to fall by 0.12% and 0.79% respectively in the long run. In the short run, however, international exchange rates and oil pricesare positively corrrelatedwith Vietnam’s trade balance. These findings allow some recommendations and suggestions for policy makers in an effort to reduce negative effects of oil shocks on Vietnam’s trade balance.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Urbanisasi Terhadap Penurunan Kemiskinan di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-306
Author(s):  
Zara Hadijah ◽  
Mohammad Isnaini Sadali
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Population Variable ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Poor Population

Urbanization and poverty are two important aspects closely linked to sustainable development goals. Urbanization in Indonesia is still far from improving migrant welfare as well as their destination regions. Every 1% growth of urbanization in Indonesia can only increase 4% of GDP per capita. Low economic benefits resulted from urbanization in Indonesia merely shift rural poor to become urban poor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of urbanization on poverty reduction in Indonesia, both in the regional aggregate and at the rural and urban levels as the origin and destination regions of urbanization. This study used secondary data of population and poverty from Population Census (SP), the Inter-Census Population Survey (SUPAS), and the National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). Data analysis was performed using regionalization techniques, Primacy Index, Lorenz Curve, Geographic Information System (GIS), and simple linear regression. The results showed that the rate of urbanization had a positive relationship with per capita income and the population of urban poor, but had a negative relationship with the population of rural poor. A unit increase in urban population variable percentage would increase the average GDP/capita variable by 0,466. This would be followed by an increase in the average urban poor population variable by 0,447 and a reduction in the average rural poor population variable by 0,705.

Public Infrastructure Procurement Practice and Challenges in the Bamenda Municipality, North West Region Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-661
Author(s):  
Hycinth Ndze Ngong ◽  
Lawrence F. Fombe ◽  
Eric Achankeng ◽  
Georgewill M. Fombe
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
North West ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Procurement System

Public infrastructures play a significant role in poverty reduction, human development and spatial interaction of the population. The practices of stakeholders in the procurement system in Bamenda are a controversy in the contemporary socio-political discourse. Through these practices, public infrastructures are provided to and for the population. This paper seeks to uncover the myriad of challenges involved in the procurement practices in Bamenda. The study made use of both qualitative and quantitative data, obtained using secondary and primary sources from documentary exploration and extensive field work. Secondary sources included books, annual reports and archives of Divisional and Regional Delegations, Inspectorates of Education, Regional Institute of Statistics and Public Contracts Regulatory Agency, North West amongst others. Primary data was obtained over three months of extensive field investigations through questionnaires interviews and focus group discussions. A GPS was utilized to obtain geographic coordinates of publicly procured infrastructures, particularly health, educational and road infrastructures. Results reveal that there is complexity in the way procurement is undertaken for socio-economic benefits to the population. Procurement principles are ineffectively applied, leading to inefficient execution of contracts. Late payment of contract funds amongst others is a cause of inefficient execution and lateness in the delivery of procurement output in the domains of health, roads and educational infrastructures. The study recommends project owners to release contract funds earlier than usual and contractors who enhance poor execution of projects and uncivil road users who facilitate road degradation or cause damages to projects be severely sanctioned. The Law No. 73/7 of 7 December 1973 on the preferential claim of the treasury to safeguard public funds by Municipal and Regional Councils should be effectively implemented.

scholarly journals Examining the Equilibrium Relationships between Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Employment in Manufacturing and Services Sectors: Evidence from Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Hussain Ali Bekhet
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Ardl Approach ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationships ◽  
F Statistics

The current paper examines the long-run and short-run equilibrium relationships between FDI inflows and employment in Malaysian manufacturing and services sectors using ARDL approach for the 19722011 period. It employs ADF and PP tests to detect the stationary levels of above variables. Also, it utilizes the bounds F-statistics test to identify the co-integration among variables. Results of ARDL approach indicate the presence of significant long-run and short-run equilibrium relationships between FDI inflows and employment in manufacturing and services sectors. The paper’s findings are of particular interest and importance to Malaysian policy makers towards increasing FDI inflows and employment in manufacturing and services sectors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document