Institution and governance - PROSHIKA's role as a civil society organization in aquaculture.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Cultural Empowerment ◽  
Access To Water

Abstract PROSHIKA is one of the largest non-government development organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh. It is an acronym for three Bangla words, viz. proshikshan (training), shiksha (education) and kaj (action). Since its inception, PROSHIKA has made efforts to generate a participatory process of development and has succeeded in pioneering an approach that puts human development at the centre. The central ethos is human development and empowerment of the poor who gradually stand to achieve freedom from poverty themselves. The process is founded upon the understanding that poverty reduction and promotion of sustainable development are dependent on human and material capacity building of the poor to enable their socioeconomic and cultural empowerment. PROSHIKA implements an aquaculture programme through groups, federations and community-based organisations (CBOs) linked with government, national and international organisations and NGOs to promote access to water-bodies and to lobby with policy-makers for sustainable management of aquatic resources. PROSHIKA has enabled 256,000 men and women to directly benefit from the formation of private institutions undertaking policy development.

Private Agricultural R&D: Do the Poor Benefit?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jock R. Anderson ◽  
Regina Birner ◽  
Latha Najarajan ◽  
Anwar Naseem ◽  
Carl E. Pray
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Private agricultural research and development can foster the growth of agricultural productivity in the diverse farming systems of the developing world comparable to the public sector. We examine the extent to which technologies developed by private entities reach smallholder and resource-poor farmers, and the impact they have on poverty reduction. We critically review cases of successfully deployed improved agricultural technologies delivered by the private sector in both large and small developing countries for instructive lessons for policy makers around the world.

The Global Poor as Agents of Justice

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Deveaux
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Philosophical Writing ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Global North

“Agent-centered” approaches to global poverty insist that effective arguments for poverty reduction must specify the concrete duties of particular duty-bearers. This article takes up a recent, influential, version of this view, Thomas Pogge’s human rights-based argument for global economic reforms to reduce chronic deprivation. While signaling a welcome shift from the diffuse allocation of responsibilities common to much philosophical writing on poverty, I argue that Pogge’s approach too readily assigns to powerful institutions in the global North the role of devising and directing anti-poverty initiatives. In so doing, he overlooks the agency—actual and potential—of the poor themselves, as evidenced by poor-led political movements and poor-centered, participatory models of poverty reduction in development theory and practice. While agent-oriented approaches are right to focus our attention on structures that cause poverty, they ought not to assume that the powerful agents responsible for these are the only—or most appropriate—agents to lead the way to poverty reduction. Just as development organizations working in the global South have come to recognize that the participation of poor communities is critical to the success of development strategies, so should normative theorists writing about global injustice acknowledge the importance of the poor as active agents in poverty reduction efforts.

How can policy assist the development of community-based tourism in Guyana by 2025 and beyond?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-568
Author(s):  
Aletha Connelly ◽  
Shenera Sam
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Effective Policy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to outline the policy directives in Guyana as it relates to community-based tourism and to argue that the development of this niche can only be driven by clear policies which speak to community empowerment and institutional strengthening.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is exploratory in nature and used document analysis as the primary means of data collection.FindingsCommunity-based tourism presents an opportunity to advance the goals of government to include communities into the economic growth and development agenda. The vision for community-based tourism is community empowerment that develops the industry in line with the needs and aspirations of host communities. However, this cannot be fully realized without the supporting role of government via effective policy development and implementation.Originality/valueIt is anticipated that this research will serve as a valuable reference tool for researchers, policy makers and other relevant bodies with an interest in community-based tourism and the policy implications.

scholarly journals Impact of the Integrated Food and Nutrition Programme in Kungwini, South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reineth Prinsloo ◽  
V. Pillay
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nutrition Programme

This article discusses the impact of the Integrated Food and Nutrition Programme (IFNP) in light of collaborative partnerships for poverty reduction in a developing municipal area in South Africa. The programme aimed to develop home, community and school food gardens to meet the daily nutritional needs of poor households and the process was then to be broadened into marketing surplus garden produce, providing employment and income-generating opportunities. The programme thus aimed to address more than just basic food and nutrition. The purpose of the research was to obtain data through participant observation, focus group discussions and extended household interviews. Drawing on the qualitative interviews conducted with the beneficiaries of the IFNP, the article describes the manner in which poverty can continue to entrench the social exclusion of the poor (despite a specific policy intervention to improve their circumstances) when appropriate stakeholder collaboration is not fully developed and harnessed. The research recommendations include improving weak institutional environments, which may hinder effective service delivery, identifying appropriate skills development for the poor, ensuring community involvement in policy processes, maintaining efficient communication in collaborative partnerships, and maintaining personnel training on policy development and in project management skills.

Digital Opportunities, Equity, and Poverty in Latin America

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Cecchini
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter examines the digital divide that exists within Latin American countries. It argues that information and communication technology is creating new opportunities that can be seized to support human development and poverty-reduction strategies. However, it also clarifies that ICT on its own cannot leapfrog the old institutional and organizational weaknesses of Latin American economies and societies. The author hopes that understanding the deep-rooted inequalities that underlie ICT access in Latin America will not only inform researchers on the challenges for the development of the information society in the region, but also assist policy makers in the preparation and implementation of appropriate public policies.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Policy Design and Poverty Reduction: How the Design of Social Protection Programmes Address the Needs of the Poor in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Joseph Kwame Sarfo-Adu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Beneficiary Community ◽  
The Relationship

The implementation of social protection programmes has seen some significant success in poverty reduction among nations. This notwithstanding, there are some challenges in the designing of these programmes that sometimes defeat their intended purposes. For this reason, there is the need for a further consideration on the design of social protection programmes in reaching the poor. This paper assesses how the design of social protection programmes in Ghana takes into consideration the needs of the poor and other intended beneficiaries. The study adopts the concepts of social protection designs by Norton, et al (2001) and the beneficiary-targeting approaches by Rama and Dean (2016) to compare and assess how Ghana’s programmes are designed. This is purely a qualitative study that interviewed 20 respondents with adequate knowledge on the design of the social protection programmes. The study revealed that generally, in Ghana, the design processes of social protection programmes adopt more institutional-consultation approach than beneficiary/community-level consultation. On the part of selecting beneficiaries for social protection however, programmes like LEAP, School Feeding and the Capitation Grants were community based, that allow representatives of communities to select beneficiaries for the programme. The design of social protection programmes should be responsive to the needs of their intended beneficiaries, there is therefore, the need for broader consultations with the targeted beneficiaries. Consultations should, hence, not just be limited at the institutional levels.

scholarly journals Conceptualisation of community-based rehabilitation in Southern Africa: A systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyvienne R. P. M'kumbuzi ◽  
Hellen Myezwa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Community Based Rehabilitation ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) has evolved over the last 30 years and now focuses on empowering persons with disabilities to access and benefit from a wide range of services. The evidence for CBR is frequently cited in the literature as being scanty and of poor quality.Purpose: We sought to determine how CBR is conceptualised and understood in the literature from Southern Africa. Our interest centred on to what extent the literature could inform policy makers and practitioners in the region.Methods: A systematic review of the literature from countries in Southern Africa guided by Population, Intervention/Phenomenon of Interest, Context and Outcome of Interest to the reviewer (PICO) was employed. This involved an extensive, internally valid and systematic search of electronic databases using specific keywords/subject heading combinations. Journal articles reporting on a description or objectives of CBR, published after 2006, and journal articles written in English of all types of studies were included. Data were charted according to the emergent themes. Two independent raters coded the emergent themes.Results:  Nine from a possible 257 published articles were reviewed; four of these were programme evaluations. Themes describing CBR converged on community development and poverty reduction. Only one article referred to human rights. Training and supervision of CBR workers and education of the community about disability were frequently reported activities.Conclusion:  In isolated cases, the literature is aligned to components of the CBR matrix. However, consistent with previous criticism of CBR, the literature is meagre, as is the evidence to inform policy makers and practitioners in southern Africa.

scholarly journals Local Knowledge, Public Policy and Poverty Reduction: A Review on Indonesia Experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Bayu Taufiq Possumah ◽  
Zikri Muhammad ◽  
Jaharudin Padli ◽  
Jasmi Abu Talib ◽  
Kamarul Md. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Multidimensional Problems

The community based Local knowledge, basically is an adaptation strategies that arise from within the community itself in fixing socially problem related to the life of society itself. Since local knowledge is the result of interaction between the community and the environment, it is needed to help the community living independently. Hence the local knowledge is the core of efforts to reduce poverty that exists and grows in the community and as the big part of from the process of poverty alleviation programs. The complexity of poverty not only can be overcome by purely economic approach, but it is associated with the dynamics of social, political and cultural that inherent in a community. The multidimensional problems requires synergy between government policy, community and local knowledge itself. This paper attempts to describes the frameworks of Indonesian policy to link the three sectors to empower the poor exit from poverty problem

scholarly journals Pro-poor Leasehold Forestry: A Community-based Tenure Regime in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Govinda Prasad Kafley ◽  
Krishna Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Poor ◽  
User Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forest Rehabilitation

  Nepal’s Leasehold Forestry (LHF) programme,which has the twin goals of degraded forest rehabilitation and rural poverty alleviation, started in the early 1990s and is regarded as a priority forestry programme in Nepal.There has been limited documentationof the impact of the LHF programme as well as of the issues and challenges faced by it. On the basis of scarce existing literature and of our long experience working in the programme, we, in this paper, discuss such impacts, issues and challenges. We suggest that the programme has so far been quite positive in meeting the stated objectives; however, there remains a range of issues that deserve on-going attention. While the programme, in general, is criticized for its strategy of handing over poor quality land to the poor people, the communities’ tenure rights over land and forest resources is not fully secured either. Provisions regarding the transfer of tenure rights to the kin and/or in the context of absentees are absent, and the benefit sharing mechanisms are unclear in case of trees which were present at the time of handover, and compete across other overlapping forest management activities. Support services available to the LHF user groups are inadequate and discontinuous, limiting the opportunities for the poor leaseholders to harness their potential to pool resources from other poverty reduction programmes and influence policy processes. We indicate some areas of intervention at policy and programme levels that seek to overcome these issues and to provide wider space for LHF user groups to exercise their agency towards achieving the programme’s goals effectively, efficiently and equitably.

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