Role of genetic markers in the prediction of classification of Czech Large White gilts to a hyperprolific line

Abstract. The objective of statistical evaluation (discriminant analysis) was to find out whether the genetic endowment the gilt was born with is a high-quality discriminator for prediction of its future classification to a hyperprolific line (HPL). Based on the results a conclusion is drawn that the gilt with genotype CC of ESR gene will be classified to HPL in high probability – if the effect of this gene is not reduced by an interaction with other genes. The statistical analysis did not reveal a significant effect of FSHB gene in Czech Large White sows on their future classification to HPL. On the contrary, PRLR gene is a highquality discriminator. Obviously, it is highly probable that the gilt with genotype BB will be classified to HPL. It is to state from the analysis of pairs of the studied genes that the adult gilt with genotype CC of ESR gene and genotype BB of FSHB gene and/or PRLR gene will be classified to HPL in all probability. PRLR gene has a dominant effect in the pair ESR and PRLR. Genotype BB of PRLR gene (the most beneficial of the genotypes from the aspect of future classification of gilts to HPL) markedly increases posterior probability of alleles of ESR gene. If the classification of a gilt to HPL is predicted from the analysis of all three genes, the results of partial analyses are confirmed in most cases. The results of the experiment indicate a possible prediction of gilts on the basis of their genotype for classification to HPL but it cannot be confirmed that the identified »beneficial« genotype will always be expressed in different populations by an increase in reproductive traits.

Download Full-text

Analysis of prolificacy in sows of hyperprolific lines of Large White breed

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/4009-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 155-162

Author(s):

V. Matoušek ◽

A. Čermáková ◽

N. Kernerová ◽

P. Králová

Keyword(s):

Candidate Genes ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Large White ◽

Large White Breed ◽

Lifetime Performance ◽

White Breed ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Esr Gene

The objective of the paper was to evaluate the results of reproductive performance of sows in some elite breeding herds of the Large White breed included in experimental herds for the production of hyperprolific lines of dam breeds. The set consisted of 98 sows with the known genotypes of ESR, FSHâ and PRLR genes. The dendrogram shows that on the basis of their genetic outfit the sows can be divided into two clusters. The first cluster can be described as a cluster with marked dominance of HPL sows and the second cluster with marked dominance of the sows of basic herd. The first cluster consisted of individuals in which the preferred genotype AA of PRLR gene was not detected. As for FSHâ gene, the beneficial genotype BB was found out in 74.10% of sows. In ESR gene the beneficial genotype DD was recorded only in 11.10% of individuals. On average for the lifetime performance they delivered by 2.08 piglets more in all born piglets and by 1.96 piglets more in live-born piglets per litter. Differences in the reproductive traits between HPL sows and the sows of basic herd in the first cluster were statistically highly significant. On the contrary, genotype AA of PRLR gene was identified in all sows of the second cluster, 61.36% of animals possessed beneficial genotype BB of FSHâ gene. As for ESR gene, beneficial genotype DD was identified within the whole cluster in 31.82% of sows. In lifetime performance the HPL sows had on average by 1.10 individuals more in all born piglets and by 1.01 more in live-born piglets (statistically significantly higher values). The unambiguous expression of a positive effect of preferred genotypes of selected candidate genes failed to be confirmed by the results of statistical analyses testing the associations of candidate genes for pig reproduction with selected parameters of breeding value and prolificacy of sows.  

Download Full-text

Effect of the oestrogen receptor (ESR) gene on reproductive traits of Large White, White Meaty and Landrace pigs

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/4165-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 249-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. Omelka ◽

M. Bauerová ◽

J. Mlynek ◽

B. Buchová ◽

D. Peškovičová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oestrogen Receptor ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Positive Association ◽

Large White ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Breeding Farms ◽

Esr Gene

We investigated the effect of oestrogen receptor (ESR) gene on total number of born (TNB), number of born alive (NBA) and number of weaned (NW) piglets in Large White (LW), White Meaty (WM) and Landrace (L) sows from six Slovak breeding farms. Detection of ESR (Pvu II) genotypes was performed by the PCR-RFLP method. The frequencies of favourable B allele in LW, WM and L were 0.33, 0.25 and 0.08, respectively. We found a highly significant effect of ESR locus on NW (P ≤ 0.01) in LW, however, we observed a negative effect of BB genotype on the trait. In WM, a positive association of B allele with TNB, NBA and NW was found but the differences were not confirmed statistically. A highly significant effect of ESR locus on TNB, NBA and NW (P ≤ 0.01) was identified only in L breed. We found an increase of +0.62 ± 0.18 (TNB), +0.65 ± 0.18 (NBA) and +0.51 ± 0.16 (NW) pigs per copy of B allele.  

Download Full-text

Raiders Activity on the Market for Corporate Control as a Product of Coercive Entrepreneurship Evolution

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2007-8-80-92 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 80-92

Author(s):

A. Kireev

Keyword(s):

Corporate Control ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Market For Corporate Control ◽

Basic Characteristics

The paper studies the problem of raiders activity on the market for corporate control. This activity is considered as a product of coercive entrepreneurship evolution. Their similarities and sharp distinctions are shown. The article presents the classification of raiders activity, discribes its basic characteristics and tendencies, defines the role of government in the process of its transformation.

Download Full-text

ASPECTS IN BUILDING A COMPANY WEB-SITE AND ITS ROLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS

International Conference on Technics Technologies and Education ◽

10.15547/ictte.04.001 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 117-124

Author(s):

Petar Halachev ◽

Victoria Radeva ◽

Albena Nikiforova ◽

Miglena Veneva

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Web Site ◽

The Internet ◽

A Company ◽

The Web ◽

Design Construction ◽

Made In ◽

Site Types

This report is dedicated to the role of the web site as an important tool for presenting business on the Internet. Classification of site types has been made in terms of their application in the business and the types of structures in their construction. The Models of the Life Cycle for designing business websites are analyzed and are outlined their strengths and weaknesses. The stages in the design, construction, commissioning, and maintenance of a business website are distinguished and the activities and requirements of each stage are specified.

Download Full-text

Preparing the Child for Productive Life

IJOHMN ◽

10.24113/ijohmn.v5i4.155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Stella Baindu Fortune Fortune

Keyword(s):

Learner Control ◽

Counseling Services ◽

Guidance And Counseling ◽

School Life ◽

Productive Life ◽

Know How ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

The Family ◽

Genetic Endowment

The nature of children’s development is greatly influenced by the environmental conditions in which they are brought up. The amount of social stimulation which they receive is of particular importance, and even if physical conditions are adequate, an unstimulating environment which provides with little opportunity or need to experiment or solve problems will result in low level of achievement. Perhaps the most important aspect of the child’s social development is beyond the reach of the teacher. For the first very important aspect of the child’s development lies in the home. Genetic endowment and cultural level of the family, coupled with the actual physical conditions of the home will have decisive effect on the child’s development and will continue to influence him throughout his school life. These factors are inaccessible to be influenced by the teacher but it is as well for him to have them in mind in his dealings with pupils. In addition, he will need to know how he may most effectively change his pupils along the lives he considers to be the most appropriate. That is, he will seek out the most efficient ways of getting pupils learn for productive life in future. The topic under review will be approached from various fronts which include; The Sociological and Philosophical models; role of the school; Learners’ responsibility; role of the teacher; discipline and learner control; role of the parent; guidance and counseling services and conclusion.

Download Full-text

Creating with Constraints

The Oxford Handbook of the Creative Process in Music ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190636197.013.17 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Hasegawa

Keyword(s):

Visual Art ◽

Creative Activity ◽

Georges Perec ◽

Gyorgy Ligeti ◽

Raymond Queneau ◽

Art Forms ◽

Musical Creativity ◽

Process Constraints

Musicians have long framed their creative activity within constraints, whether imposed externally or consciously chosen. As noted by Leonard Meyer, any style can be viewed as an ensemble of constraints, requiring the features of the artwork to conform with accepted norms. Such received stylistic constraints may be complemented by additional, voluntary limitations: for example, using only a limited palette of pitches or sounds, setting rules to govern repetition or transformation, controlling the formal layout and proportions of the work, or limiting the variety of operations involved in its creation. This chapter proposes a fourfold classification of the limits most often encountered in music creation into material (absolute and relative), formal, style/genre, and process constraints. The role of constraints as a spur and guide to musical creativity is explored in the domains of composition, improvisation, performance, and even listening, with examples drawn from contemporary composers including György Ligeti, George Aperghis, and James Tenney. Such musical constraints are comparable to self-imposed limitations in other art forms, from film (the Dogme 95 Manifesto) and visual art (Robert Morris’s Blind Time Drawings) to the writings of authors associated with the Oulipo (Ouvroir de littérature potentielle) such as Georges Perec and Raymond Queneau.

Download Full-text

The LEPR Gene Is Associated with Reproductive Seasonality Traits in Rasa Aragonesa Sheep

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10122448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2448

Author(s):

Kenza Lakhssassi ◽

Malena Serrano ◽

Belén Lahoz ◽

María Pilar Sarto ◽

Laura Pilar Iguácel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid Change ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Extreme Values ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Reproductive Seasonality ◽

Synonymous Substitutions ◽

Lepr Gene ◽

Exon 20 ◽

First Time

The aim of this study was to characterize and identify causative polymorphisms in the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene responsible for the seasonal variation of reproductive traits in sheep. Three reproductive seasonality traits were studied: the total days of anoestrous (TDA), the progesterone cycling months (P4CM) and the oestrous cycling months (OCM). In total, 18 SNPs were detected in 33 ewes with extreme values for TDA and OCM. Six SNPs were non-synonymous substitutions and two of them were predicted in silico as deleterious: rs596133197 and rs403578195. These polymorphisms were then validated in 239 ewes. The SNP rs403578195, located in exon 8 and leading to a change of alanine to glycine (Ala284Gly) in the extracellular domain of the protein, was associated with the OCM trait, being the G allele associated with a decrease of 12 percent of the OCM trait. Haplotype analyses also suggested the involvement of other non-synonymous SNP located in exon 20 (rs405459906). This SNP also produces an amino acid change (Lys1069Glu) in the intracellular domain of the protein and segregates independently of rs403578195. These results confirm for the first time the role of the LEPR gene in sheep reproductive seasonality.

Download Full-text

Formation of an Export-Oriented Agricultural Economy and Regional Open Innovations

Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity ◽

10.3390/joitmc7010032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Victor L. Shabanov ◽

Marianna Ya Vasilchenko ◽

Elena A. Derunova ◽

Andrey P. Potapov

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Economy ◽

Institutional Management ◽

Agricultural Exports ◽

Modeling Methodology ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Analysis Application ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The aim of the work is to find relevant indicators for assessing the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports using tools for modeling the impact of innovation and investment development on increasing production and export potential in the context of the formation of an export-oriented agricultural economy. The modeling methodology and the proposed estimating and forecasting tools for diagnosing and monitoring the state of sectoral and regional innovative agricultural systems are used to analyze the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports based on the construction of the classification of Russian regions by factors that aggregate these features to diagnose incongruence problems and to improve institutional management in regional innovative export-oriented agrosystems. Based on the results of the factor analysis application, an underestimated role of indicators of investment in agriculture, the intensity and efficiency of agricultural production, were established. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, the established five groups of regions were identified, with significant differences in the level of investment in agriculture, the volume of production of the main types of agricultural products, and the export and exported food. The research results are of practical value for use in improving institutional management when planning reforms and transformations of regional innovative agrosystems.

Download Full-text

Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in the development of congenital heart diseases

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery ◽

10.1136/wjps-2020-000196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. e000196

Author(s):

Yue Wu ◽

Xiaosi Jin ◽

Yuhao Zhang ◽

Jing Zheng ◽

Rulai Yang

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Molecular Medicine ◽

Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽

Epigenetic Factors ◽

Near Future

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common of congenital cardiovascular malformations associated with birth defects, and it results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The classification of CHD is still elusive owing to the complex pathogenesis of CHD. Advances in molecular medicine have revealed the genetic basis of some heart anomalies. Genes associated with CHD might be modulated by various epigenetic factors. Thus, the genetic and epigenetic factors are gradually accepted as important triggers in the pathogenesis of CHD. However, few literatures have comprehensively elaborated the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of CHD. This review focuses on the etiology of CHD from genetics and epigenetics to discuss the role of these factors in the development of CHD. The interactions between genetic and epigenetic in the pathogenesis of CHD are also elaborated. Chromosome abnormalities and gene mutations in genetics, and DNA methylations, histone modifications and on-coding RNAs in epigenetics are summarized in detail. We hope the summative knowledge of these etiologies may be useful for improved diagnosis and further elucidation of CHD so that morbidity and mortality of children with CHD can be reduced in the near future.

Download Full-text