scholarly journals VEGA-SCIENCE SERVICES FOR MONITORING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOGENIC WASTE AND DUMPS SOURCES ON ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol V-3-2020 ◽  
pp. 323-329
Author(s):  
V. P. Savorskiy ◽  
E. A. Loupian ◽  
O. Y. Panova ◽  
A. M. Konstantinova ◽  
D. M. Ermakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Science System ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Information Tools ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The impact of hazardous waste on people and the environment from agricultural, industrial, military and mining activities form one of the most significant global environmental challenges. These wastes often include heavy metals, acid precipitates (sulfur oxide solutions), hydrocarbons, and other organic chemicals. Environmental impact of such technogenic waste and dumps sources (TWDS) is widely reflected in vegetation cover changes, which can be easily detected by satellite instruments. But application of satellite data for TWDS monitoring requires appropriate information tools. At presented work, the authors conducted the development of the design and implementation of these tools within frames VEGA-Science services (http://sci-vega.ru/eng/) in order to provide analysis of longterm variability of the vegetation cover state caused by the influence of TWDS. The result of the work was included in automated system for remote monitoring of vegetation cover (SRMV) of VEGA-Science system.

scholarly journals Development of the unit for testing the methods of remote computerized monitoring of environmental changes in the “IKI-Monitoring” center for collective use

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Evgeny Loupian ◽  
Viktor Savorskiy ◽  
Aleksandr Kashnitskii ◽  
Dmitrii Kobets ◽  
Konstantin Sen'ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sulfur Oxide ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Computerized Monitoring ◽  
Science Service ◽  
The Impact

The impact of hazardous waste on people and the environment from agricultural, industrial, military and mining activities form one of the most significant global environmental challenges. These wastes often include heavy metals, acid precipitates (sulfur oxide solutions), hydrocarbons, and other organic chemicals. Creation of the tools of the VEGA-Science service (http://sci-vega.ru/) to control the state of vegetation for the monitoring the impact of technogenic waste and dumps sources (TWDS) on the environment is the main objective of this work. To achieve this goal, proposals for the modernization and development of the VEGA-Science services have been defined to provide the organization and analysis of long-term variability of the vegetation cover caused by the influence of TWDS.

Automated system for creating training programs for mass professional users

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
V.K. Grigoriev ◽  
A.A. Biryukova ◽  
A. Yu. Volk ◽  
A.S. Ilyushechkin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the automation of the creation and use of e-learning programs. The impact of automating the learning of a large number of users on the effectiveness of the introduction of a new software product is analyzed. The methods and algorithms that increase the efficiency of creating electronic training programs on example of the author’s automated system “Tutor Builder” are described. The results of experimental verification of the automated system are provided.

scholarly journals A multilevel carbon and water footprint dataset of food commodities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tashina Petersson ◽  
Luca Secondi ◽  
Andrea Magnani ◽  
Marta Antonelli ◽  
Katarzyna Dembska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Footprint ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Dietary Shifts ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInforming and engaging citizens to adopt sustainable diets is a key strategy for reducing global environmental impacts of the agricultural and food sectors. In this respect, the first requisite to support citizens and actors of the food sector is to provide them a publicly available, reliable and ready to use synthesis of environmental pressures associated to food commodities. Here we introduce the SU-EATABLE LIFE database, a multilevel database of carbon (CF) and water (WF) footprint values of food commodities, based on a standardized methodology to extract information and assign optimal footprint values and uncertainties to food items, starting from peer-reviewed articles and grey literature. The database and its innovative methodological framework for uncertainty treatment and data quality assurance provides a solid basis for evaluating the impact of dietary shifts on global environmental policies, including climate mitigation through greenhouse gas emission reductions. The database ensures repeatability and further expansion, providing a reliable science-based tool for managers and researcher in the food sector.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of Water Chemistry in Aries River Catchment Western Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6592
Author(s):  
Ana Moldovan ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Hoaghia ◽  
Anamaria Iulia Török ◽  
Marius Roman ◽  
Ionut Cornel Mirea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the quality and vulnerability of surface water (Aries River catchment) in order to identify the impact of past mining activities. For this purpose, the pollution and water quality indices, Piper and Durov plots, as well vulnerability modeling maps were used. The obtained results indicate that the water samples were contaminated with As, Fe, Mn, Pb and have relatively high concentrations of SO42−, HCO3−, TDS, Ca, K, Mg and high values for the electrical conductivity. Possible sources of the high content of chemicals could be the natural processes or the inputs of the mine drainage. Generally, according to the pollution indices, which were correlated to high concentrations of heavy metals, especially with Pb, Fe and Mn, the water samples were characterized by heavy metals pollution. The water quality index classified the studied water samples into five different classes of quality, namely: unsuitable for drinking, poor, medium, good and excellent quality. Similarly, medium, high and very high vulnerability classes were observed. The Durov and Piper plots classified the waters into Mg-HCO3− and Ca-Cl− types. The past and present mining activities clearly change the water chemistry and alter the quality of the Aries River, with the water requiring specific treatments before use.

scholarly journals Urban Fire Severity and Vegetation Dynamics in Southern California

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Lauren E. H. Mathews ◽  
Alicia M. Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Riparian Areas ◽  
The Impact

A combination of satellite image indices and in-field observations was used to investigate the impact of fuel conditions, fire behavior, and vegetation regrowth patterns, altered by invasive riparian vegetation. Satellite image metrics, differenced normalized burn severity (dNBR) and differenced normalized difference vegetation index (dNDVI), were approximated for non-native, riparian, or upland vegetation for traditional timeframes (0-, 1-, and 3-years) after eleven urban fires across a spectrum of invasive vegetation cover. Larger burn severity and loss of green canopy (NDVI) was detected for riparian areas compared to the uplands. The presence of invasive vegetation affected the distribution of burn severity and canopy loss detected within each fire. Fires with native vegetation cover had a higher severity and resulted in larger immediate loss of canopy than fires with substantial amounts of non-native vegetation. The lower burn severity observed 1–3 years after the fires with non-native vegetation suggests a rapid regrowth of non-native grasses, resulting in a smaller measured canopy loss relative to native vegetation immediately after fire. This observed fire pattern favors the life cycle and perpetuation of many opportunistic grasses within urban riparian areas. This research builds upon our current knowledge of wildfire recovery processes and highlights the unique challenges of remotely assessing vegetation biophysical status within urban Mediterranean riverine systems.

scholarly journals Brain drain and brain gain in Russia: Analyzing international migration of researchers by discipline using Scopus bibliometric data 1996–2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Subbotin ◽  
Samin Aref
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Donor Country ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Science System ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Five Disciplines ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe study international mobility in academia, with a focus on the migration of published researchers to and from Russia. Using an exhaustive set of over 2.4 million Scopus publications, we analyze all researchers who have published with a Russian affiliation address in Scopus-indexed sources in 1996–2020. The migration of researchers is observed through the changes in their affiliation addresses, which altered their mode countries of affiliation across different years. While only 5.2% of these researchers were internationally mobile, they accounted for a substantial proportion of citations. Our estimates of net migration rates indicate that while Russia was a donor country in the late 1990s and early 2000s, it has experienced a relatively balanced circulation of researchers in more recent years. These findings suggest that the current trends in scholarly migration in Russia could be better framed as brain circulation, rather than as brain drain. Overall, researchers emigrating from Russia outnumbered and outperformed researchers immigrating to Russia. Our analysis on the subject categories of publication venues shows that in the past 25 years, Russia has, overall, suffered a net loss in most disciplines, and most notably in the five disciplines of neuroscience, decision sciences, mathematics, biochemistry, and pharmacology. We demonstrate the robustness of our main findings under random exclusion of data and changes in numeric parameters. Our substantive results shed light on new aspects of international mobility in academia, and on the impact of this mobility on a national science system, which have direct implications for policy development. Methodologically, our novel approach to handling big data can be adopted as a framework of analysis for studying scholarly migration in other countries.

scholarly journals Are Multi-Language Design Smells Fault-Prone? An Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-56
Author(s):  
Mouna Abidi ◽  
Md Saidur Rahman ◽  
Moses Openja ◽  
Foutse Khomh
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Language Design ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Code Smells ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Design Smells ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fault Proneness

Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages and technologies. The cost benefits of reuse and the advantages of each programming language are two main incentives behind the proliferation of such systems. However, as the number of languages increases, so do the challenges related to the development and maintenance of these systems. In such situations, developers may introduce design smells (i.e., anti-patterns and code smells) which are symptoms of poor design and implementation choices. Design smells are defined as poor design and coding choices that can negatively impact the quality of a software program despite satisfying functional requirements. Studies on mono-language systems suggest that the presence of design smells may indicate a higher risk of future bugs and affects code comprehension, thus making systems harder to maintain. However, the impact of multi-language design smells on software quality such as fault-proneness is yet to be investigated. In this article, we present an approach to detect multi-language design smells in the context of JNI systems. We then investigate the prevalence of those design smells and their impacts on fault-proneness. Specifically, we detect 15 design smells in 98 releases of 9 open-source JNI projects. Our results show that the design smells are prevalent in the selected projects and persist throughout the releases of the systems. We observe that, in the analyzed systems, 33.95% of the files involving communications between Java and C/C++ contain occurrences of multi-language design smells. Some kinds of smells are more prevalent than others, e.g., Unused Parameters , Too Much Scattering , and Unused Method Declaration . Our results suggest that files with multi-language design smells can often be more associated with bugs than files without these smells, and that specific smells are more correlated to fault-proneness than others. From analyzing fault-inducing commit messages, we also extracted activities that are more likely to introduce bugs in smelly files. We believe that our findings are important for practitioners as it can help them prioritize design smells during the maintenance of multi-language systems.

Investigation of Ecosystem Restoration at Sites of Spent Coal Deposits in the Regions of the Urals Using Remote Sensing Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
I.V. Zenkov ◽  
Yu.P. Yuronen ◽  
G.I. Yurkovskaya ◽  
M.V. Safronov ◽  
P.M. Kondrashov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Ecosystem Restoration ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Coal Deposits

The results of assessing the ecological state of lands disturbed during the open-cut mining of four coal deposits in the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions are presented. In the course of the studies carried out using the results of remote monitoring, it was found that ecologically acceptable restoration of vegetation cover on the territory of disturbed lands occurs as a result of reclamation work and natural processes of its self-restoration.

MESSY FREE-FOR-ALL OR AN “AHA!” MOMENT?: REFLECTIONS ON AN HIV AWARENESS PROGRAM WITH AFRICAN NEWCOMER YOUTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Susan Frohlick ◽  
Adey Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Black Community ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Knowledge To Action ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
White Settler ◽  
Awareness Program ◽  
Hiv Awareness ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper traces a collaboration between a White settler anthropologist and Black community liaison and researcher in the design and implementation of HIV awareness strategies. Based on ethnographic research with young people from African newcomer communities who settled in Winnipeg, Canada, their sense that HIV did not exist in Canada was the impetus for our movement of knowledge-to-action. Rather than deliver the facts to them as a passive audience, we created space and time for a series of youth-led conversations that were effective, emotional, corporeal, and socially dynamic. From our respective positionalities, we reflect on the impact of the awareness activity. What at times felt like “a free-for-all” fostered an awareness by the young people, as active agents, of the complexities of HIV as “more than a virus,” especially its racialized underpinnings.

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