scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of modified proximal perineal urethrostomy with direct guided urethral catheterisation and tube cystostomy for the management of obstructive urolithiasis in male goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. John Martin ◽  
K. D. John Martin ◽  
K. D. John Martin ◽  
K. D. John Martin ◽  
K. D. John Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Group I ◽  
Urethral Catheterisation ◽  
Foley’S Catheter

Twelve clinical cases of chronic obstructive urolithiasis in male goats were selected for the study with the objective to evaluate two surgical techniques - modified proximal perineal urethrostomy (MPPU) with direct guided urethral catheterisation (Group I) and tube cystostomy (Group II) for the surgical management. Ultrasonography was effective in assessing the urinary bladder and detection of uroliths. Functional patency of normal urethra was regained in five out of six animals of each group by third post-operative week. Direct access to the perineal urethra providing quick relief to the turgid bladder was identified as the major advantage of modified proximal perineal urethrostomy technique. Tube cystostomy technique provided direct visual assessment of urinary bladder, precise fixing of Foley’s catheter and retrieval of uroliths. Even though this technique was found to be more invasive, it was identified as an effective approach for correcting cystorrhexis resulted from obstructive urolithiasis

scholarly journals A Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) Technique for Internet of Medical Things Data

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3726
Author(s):  
Ivan Vaccari ◽  
Vanessa Orani ◽  
Alessia Paglialonga ◽  
Enrico Cambiaso ◽  
Maurizio Mongelli
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Generative Adversarial Networks ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Internet Of Medical Things ◽  
Synthetic Datasets

The application of machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques in the medical world is growing, with a range of purposes: from the identification and prediction of possible diseases to patient monitoring and clinical decision support systems. Furthermore, the widespread use of remote monitoring medical devices, under the umbrella of the “Internet of Medical Things” (IoMT), has simplified the retrieval of patient information as they allow continuous monitoring and direct access to data by healthcare providers. However, due to possible issues in real-world settings, such as loss of connectivity, irregular use, misuse, or poor adherence to a monitoring program, the data collected might not be sufficient to implement accurate algorithms. For this reason, data augmentation techniques can be used to create synthetic datasets sufficiently large to train machine learning models. In this work, we apply the concept of generative adversarial networks (GANs) to perform a data augmentation from patient data obtained through IoMT sensors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) monitoring. We also apply an explainable AI algorithm to demonstrate the accuracy of the synthetic data by comparing it to the real data recorded by the sensors. The results obtained demonstrate how synthetic datasets created through a well-structured GAN are comparable with a real dataset, as validated by a novel approach based on machine learning.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OF ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM (ACCORDING TO DATA CLINICAL HOSPITAL OF ALMATY #7)

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
С.М. Анартаев ◽  
О. Тайманулы ◽  
Д.М. Кайралиев ◽  
К.А. Ергешов ◽  
Е.Б. Ибадуллаев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Heparin Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Acute Pe

В статье представлены результаты сравнительного анализа 50 больных тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА), которые по способу лечения были разделены на 3 группы: I группа - с антикоагулянтной терапией (гепарин). II группа - с селективной катетерной тромболитической (альтеплаза) и антикоагулянтной терапией. III группа - с катетерной аспирационной тромбоэкстракцией; Установлено, что на фоне комплексной терапии, включающую тромболитическую и антикоагулянтную терапии наблюдалась лучшая выживаемость пациентов с острой ТЭЛА. The article presents results of a comparative analysis of 50 patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), which were divided into 3 groups according to the method of treatment: Group I - with anticoagulant therapy (heparin); Group II - with catheter thrombolytic (alteplase) and anticoagulant therapy. Group III - with catheter embolectomy (aspiration thromboextraction); It was found against the background of complex therapy, including thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy, there was a better survival rate for patients with acute PE.

Histological Study On Using Ileal Submucosa In Repairing Urinary Bladder Defect In Adult Albino Rat

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Gomaa El Saeed ◽  
Manal H Moussa ◽  
Gehad A Hammouda ◽  
Sahar M. M Omar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Graft Area

Abstract Background Repairing urinary bladder (UB) defect by enterocystoplasty remains the gold standard surgical bladder reconstruction procedure to increase the capacity and compliance of dysfunctional bladders. However, many complications were recorded. Aim of the work This work aimed to compare the consequences of reconstruction of urinary bladder defect using untreated small intestinal submucosal (SIS) matrix versus seeded and unseeded decellularized SIS matrix. Material and Methods Fifty female albino rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups: Group I (Control) included ten adult rats from which ileal tissue was obtained. Group II included ten adult rats in which their UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS. Group III included twenty adult rats that were subdivided into two subgroups, 10 rats each; Subgroup IIIA where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS and subgroup IIIb where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS seeded with adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs).Ten young rats were used for preparation of AMSCs. Morphometric and statistical analysis were also performed. Results In rats where UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS, the graft area showed loss of epithelial polarity, presence of intraepithelial cysts and occasional extension of urothelium to the outer surface forming fistula. There were areas of metaplasia with the appearance PAS positive cells. In the lamina propria, there was areas of lymphocytic infiltration together with significant increase in the collagen fiber deposition (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease thickness of muscle layer as compared to control (p < 0.05). In rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS, urothelium in the graft area showed occasional squamous metaplasia and often the urothelium extended to the deeper layers forming Brunn's nest. There was minimal muscle regeneration in the graft area. However, in rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs, the urothelium in the graft area was nearly similar to control group with uniform urothelium thickness, minimal collagen fibers deposition and thick muscle layer that showed no significant difference from the control (p > 0.05). Conclusion Acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs showed better results compared to non-seeded and cellular SIS in reconstructing urinary bladder defects.

scholarly journals Skin-, nipple-, and areola-sparing mastectomy

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Umoh ◽  
N. Arora ◽  
R. M. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Management ◽  
Feasible Option

AbstractSurgical management of breast carcinoma has evolved to include more breast conserving techniques such as skin-, nipple-, and areola-sparing mastectomies, as improved cosmesis becomes an increasing concern. However, the oncologic risk of these procedures must be strongly considered before such techniques can be widely adopted. Here we review available literature on these techniques and their associated clinical outcome. From our own experience, as well as from that reported, we conclude that nipple-, skin-, and areola-sparing mastectomies in carefully selected patients can have safe oncologic outcomes comparable to more traditional surgical techniques and therefore may be a feasible option for breast cancer management.

scholarly journals Effect of Virtual Reality‐Based Rehabilitation on Physical Fitness in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Rutkowski ◽  
Anna Rutkowska ◽  
Dariusz Jastrzębski ◽  
Henryk Racheniuk ◽  
Witold Pawełczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using the Kinect system during stationary rehabilitation. The study included 68 patients with COPD (35 men, 33 women, mean age 61.3 ± 3.7). The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups described below. Group I included 34 patients – non‐participants in Kinect training. Group II included 34 patients – participants in Kinect training. In all patients before and after rehabilitation physical fitness was assessed using the Senior Fitness Test (SFT). The Xbox 360 and Kinect motion sensor were used to carry out virtual reality training. In group I, statistically significant improvements in SFT performance were observed. Patients in group II also showed statistically significant improvement in physical fitness in all attempts of the SFT. Virtual rehabilitation training in patients with COPD seems to be a practical and beneficial intervention capable of enhancing mobility and physical fitness.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth restored with Composite Resin Core using Two Different Designs of Prefabricated Metal Posts: An in vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Sabita M Ram ◽  
Naisargi Shah ◽  
Amit M Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Resin Core ◽  
Post And Core ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Aim To comparatively evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with light-cured composite resin core using two different designs of prefabricated metal posts. Materials and methods A total of 30 single-rooted anterior teeth were selected for the study and endodontically treated. Teeth were sectioned 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction and were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15). Teeth in group I were restored with Parallel post—EG post and group II with parallel post with coronal flare—i post. Light-cured composite core buildup was done in all samples using a customized core former. Compressive load was applied at a 135° angle to the long axis of the tooth at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/minute until visible signs of fracture were observed. Levene's test and t-test were used to determine the difference of the failure loads between the groups (α = 0.05). Results The mean values (standard deviation [SD]) for fracture resistance were 295.55 N and 469.59 N for parallel post—EG post and parallel post with coronal flare—i post respectively. Since the p-value for the t-test is less than 0.05, it indicates that we should reject null hypothesis and conclude that the mean fracture load of parallel post with coronal flare—i post is significantly more than that of mean fracture load of parallel post—EG post. Conclusion The study conducted evaluated that the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with parallel post with coronal flare—i post and core buildup had better strength as compared with parallel post—EG post and core buildup. Clinical significance The present study will help the clinician to select the appropriate prefabricated metal post that will fit exactly into the coronal flare of the canal improving clinical performance, thus increasing the longevity of the restoration. How to cite this article Gaikwad AM, Shah N, Ram SM. A Comparative Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth restored with Composite Resin Core using Two Different Designs of Prefabricated Metal Posts: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent 2017;7(2):97-102.

scholarly journals Blister like aneurysm: a review about its surgical management / Aneurismas blister-like: uma revisão sobre seu manejo cirúrgico

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Salmeron de Toledo Aguiar ◽  
Guilherme Brasileiro de Aguiar ◽  
Rafael Gomes dos Santos ◽  
André Freitas Nunes ◽  
Renan Maximilian Lovato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Vascular Lesion ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

ABSTRACT Introduction: Blister aneurysms are of uncertain pathogenesis and are a vascular lesion located in the brain. Overall, they represent 0.3% - 1.0% of all intracranial aneurysms and 0.9% - 6.5% of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. They are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Even with the first description being from 1969, there is still debate in the literature about which type of treatment is the best: surgical or endovascular. In this review, we focus on the surgical management. Method: The authors performed a review of available surgical techniques used for blood blister-like aneurysms treatment. Pubmed database was used as search source introducing blister-like aneurysm and blister aneurysms as keywords. The most relevant articles and those that focused on surgical treatment techniques were selected. Discussion: The most used surgical methods are clipping, trapping, wrapping and bypass. As main features of each technique, we can highlight clipping with good efficiency, when there is good neck exposure; trapping being employed in ruptured aneurysm; wrapping for avulsion and bypass that promotes vascularization to the distal territory of the aneurysm. Conclusion: The endovascular method has shown to be promising and efficient. However, different surgical techniques are still being employed based on their efficiency when facing certain surgical scenarios.Keywords: Neurosurgery, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Intracranial aneurysm, Endovascular proceduresRESUMOIntrodução: Aneurismas cerebrais blister-like são lesões vasculares de patogenia incerta. De modo geral, representam 0.3%-1.0% de todos aneurismas intracranianos e 0.9% - 6.5% dos aneurismas intracranianos que rompem. Estão associados a alta morbimortalidade. Mesmo com a primeira descrição sendo de 1969, ainda há debate na literatura sobre qual tipo de tratamento é o melhor: cirúrgico ou endovascular. Nessa revisão, focamos no tratamento cirúrgico. Métodos: Os autores realizaram uma revisão das técnicas cirúrgicas utilizadas para tratamento de aneurismas blister-like. A plataforma Pubmed foi utilizada para a pesquisa das palavras chaves “blister-like aneurysm” e “blister aneurysm”. Os artigos de maior relevância e aqueles que enfatizam as técnicas cirúrgicas foram selecionados. Discussão: Os métodos cirúrgicos empregados são clipagem, trapping, wrapping e bypass. Quanto às características de cada método, podemos salientar a eficácia da clipagem, quanto melhor for a exposição do aneurisma; o uso do trapping em situações de rompimento do aneurisma; wrapping para casos em que houve avulsão do aneurisma e by-pass que promove a vascularização distal ao aneurisma. Conclusão: O método endovascular tem se mostrado promissor e efetivo. No entanto, as diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas ainda são empregadas e defendidas devido a sua eficiência frente certos cenários cirúrgicos.Descritores: Neurocirurgia, Hemorragia subaracnóidea, Aneurisma intracraniano, Procedimentos endovasculares

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACUTE ASCENDING THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF THE GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN USING THE ENDOVASCULAR HIGH-FREQUENCY WELDING TECHNIQUE AND TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-641
Author(s):  
Serhiy I. Savolyuk ◽  
Valentyn A. Khodos ◽  
Roman A. Herashchenko ◽  
Vladyslav S. Horbovets
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Surgical Operation ◽  
Electric Welding ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Welding Technique

The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of acute ascending thrombophlebitis of the great saphenous vein using the endovascular high-frequency welding technique and traditional phlebectomy. Materials and methods: Two groups were formed in the conducted study. Group I included patients (n=42) with the acute ascending thrombophlebitis of the great saphenous vein, in whom their thrombosed great saphenous vein was removed using the endovascular high-frequency welding technique. As a source of current, an EK300M1 Svarmed electric welding machine (Ukraine) was used. Electric welding of a thrombosed vein segment was carried out using the endovenous electric welding catheter. Group II included patients (n=31) with the acute ascending thrombophlebitis of the great saphenous vein, who underwent the traditional phlebectomy of the thrombosed great saphenous vein according to Babcock’s technique. Results: In group I no patient revealed presence of pain syndrome with significant intensity during the postoperative period. An infiltrate along the coagulated segments of the great saphenous vein, postoperative oedema and paresthesiae were observed in considerably fewer cases from group I versus group II (р=0.0005, р=0.0001, р=0.0018). During their follow-up for more than 12 months, 2 (4.76 %) of 42 patients from group I revealed partial recanalization of the great saphenous vein (р=0.632). In group I the postoperative inpatient period was 1.3±0.1 days. In group II the above period averaged 4.8±0.8 days (p<0.001). Absence of an intense pain syndrome in group I was caused by a gentle effect of high-frequency electric current itself on the venous wall and paravasal structures. A significant reduction of side effects and complications with a shorter stay of patients in hospital versus the traditional phlebectomy was achieved owing to reduction in the extent of injury of the surgical operation itself with the use of endovascular high-frequency welding. Conclusions: The technique of endovascular high-frequency welding in treatment of acute ascending thrombophlebitis of the great saphenous vein makes it possible to reduce the extent of injury of the surgical operation versus the traditional phlebectomy, results in a significant decrease in the number of side effects and complications and shortens the period of the patient’s stay in hospital.

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