scholarly journals Role of Arabian female plastic artists in the art market: A comparative analysis study on selected samples of Arab countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1009-1038
Author(s):  
Ibtesam S. Alrasheed ◽  
Mohrah Hamed Sakr
Keyword(s):  
Women Artists ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Art Market ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Art World ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
The Status

When we try to recall the most famous artworks, what immediately comes to mind are works by male western artists, which makes us wonder about the role of women, especially Arabian women in the art world. This research utilizes the comparative analytical method to discuss the role of female Arabian artists in the Arab region and the western world’s art market. By first gathering data pertaining to works sold at auctions by female Arabian artists from the 20th and the 21st centuries, and who belong to both the eastern and western ends of the Arab world. Then analyzing and comparing the data to understand where women artists of the Arab world fit in the Arabian and Middle Eastern region art market. And to also understand the status of female versus male artist by comparing the highest prices reached by a work of art sold at an auction for artists of both sexes Arabian or western. Results show clear supremacy of male versus female artists in the art market whether in the Arab or the western worlds leading to the conclusion that women’s work is still valued significantly lower than that of men.

The Status of Franchising Laws in the Arab Region: Traditional Rules and New Legislative Enactments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Mohammed Y. Mattar
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
The Status

Abstract There has been a vast and rapid growth in the franchising business in the countries of the Middle East. The purpose of this article is to examine the status of franchising laws in the Arab World with particular focus on the commercial relationship between a franchisor and a franchisee. Most Arab countries rely on the traditional commercial agency laws to regulate the franchising business. These are designed to protect the interest of the national franchisee. Saudi Arabia is the first Arab country to adopt a comprehensive and independent law in the Arab region, while other countries rely on a code of conduct, an application of the distribution trade law or the implementation of the general rule of commercial agency. Saudi Arabia provides a detailed account of the franchising business, its establishment and its operation in an attempt to balance the interest of both, the franchisor and the franchisee.

scholarly journals Current State of Salmonella, Campylobacter and Listeria in the Food Chain across the Arab Countries: A Descriptive Review

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2369
Author(s):  
Ihab Habib ◽  
Mohamed-Yousif Ibrahim Mohamed ◽  
Mushtaq Khan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
The Status ◽  
Literature Evidence

Foodborne infections caused by bacterial pathogens are a common cause of human illness in the Middle East, with a substantial burden of economic loss and public health consequences. This review aims at elucidating recent literature on the prevalence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Campylobacter and Listeria monocytogens in the food chain in the Arab countries, and to consolidate available evidence on the public health burden and the status of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the concerned three pathogens. The reviewed evidence points to a scarcity of understanding of the magnitude of NTS in the food chain in the Arab countries. Additionally, not much work has been done at the molecular characterization level to address the source-attribution of NTS in the Arab World. Very few surveys have been done on Campylobacter in the food chain in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. There is a gap in quantitative (counts/numbers) surveillance efforts for Campylobacter in the chicken meat supply across all Arab countries, despite the availability of some qualitative (presence/absence) surveillance data. While there are several reports on L. monocytogenes in animal-sourced foods, notably in North African Arab countries, fewer are published on L. monocytogenes in plant-sourced foods. Information on the L. monocytogenes serotypes and strain diversity circulating in the Arab region is widely lacking. Antibiotic resistance in the three pathogens is not fully understood across the Arab region, despite some reports indicating varying trends at the human–food interface. The literature evidence presented in this review stresses that Salmonella, Campylobacter and L. monocytogenes continue to challenge food safety and public health in the Arab countries.

scholarly journals Gender and Citizenship in the Arab World

1970 ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Suad Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Arab States ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Nation State

This paper investigates the impact of cultural and gender systems in the production of the unequal relationships of Arab women and men to the laws and practices of citizenship. I analyze key laws, social practices, and institutions through which citizenship in Arab states has privileged a masculine citizen. Given that citizenship is mandatory in the modern “nation-state” (Zubaida, 1988), it is striking to observe the reality that the modern “nation-state” has mandated a masculine citizen. Many of the issues affecting the gendering of citizenship in Arab countries appear to be specific to Arab states. Many are shared within the Middle Eastern region. Other issues are similar to patterns found in Third World countries. And some appear to be common to state societies in general. We need to both challenge the misplaced assumptions of cultural homogeneity in the Arab world, as well as sharply identify the patterns which are specific to the gendering of citizenship in Arab states. Therefore, while the focus of this paper is the gendering of citizenship in Arab states, it is my aim to contribute towards the comparative study of processes, which lead to the gendering of citizenship in order both to deessentialize Arab cultures and to understand their specificities.

scholarly journals MOOCS As A Method Of Distance Education In The Arab World – A Review Paper

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raniah Samir Adham ◽  
Karsten Oster Lundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Massive Open Online Courses ◽  
Massive Open Online ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Developed World

Abstract Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in the Arab World are still in their infancy. Many Arab countries are now starting to launch their MOOC platforms; however, there are only a few who have actually implemented such systems. This paper will explore online learning, in particular the rise of MOOCs around the world and their impact on the Arab World. The purpose of this paper is to give a true picture of the development of the first MOOC platforms in the Arab World. It will analyse in detail the concept, definitions, background, and types of MOOCs (xMOOCs and cMOOCs), as well as the main MOOCs platform in the Western and Arab worlds, and a timeline of the development of MOOCs. It will then observe the status of MOOCs in the developed world, opportunities in the Middle East, and the influence of Western MOOCs on the Arab world, from many perspectives, e.g. educational, religious, cultural and social.

«Arab Spring»: Transformation of Political Paradigm in Context of International Relations

2012 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
L. Fituni
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Arab Spring ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The author presents his own original conception of the 2011 Arab upheavals. First, he tries to find parallels between the Arab Spring and the 19th century European Spring of Peoples. Second, he dwells on the idea of three types of transition in the Arab World: economic, demographic, and ideological. Third, he reflects on the issues of democracy and autocracy in the Arab countries emphasizing the role of youth. Fourth, he puts forward some new ideas as regards the relationship between Europe and the Arab World, offering such terms as “democratic internationalism” and “young democratic safety belt” in the Mediterranean region.

Presence of the IVS-I-6-Mutated Allele in Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients Correlates with Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Incidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Sousos ◽  
Despoina Adamidou ◽  
Philippos Klonizakis ◽  
Alexandra Agapidou ◽  
Stamatia Theodoridou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Clinical Issue

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) results from the extension of hematopoietic tissue beyond the confines of the bones. Since the initiation of regular transfusion programs from an early age for all thalassemia major (ΤΜ) patients, EMH has not been considered a clinical issue anymore. The present study aims to record the prevalence of EMH in chronically transfused ΤΜ patients followed at our institution and to investigate possible risk factors associated with its occurrence. The project was designed as a retrospective, nonexperimental, descriptive, exploratory study. In total, the study enrolled 104 patients. EMH was revealed in 15/104 (14%) patients. The presence of intravening sequence (IVS)-I-6 was significantly related with the development of EMH (p < 0.05). No other demographic or biological factor studied was found to be related with the presence of EMH. The study stresses a profound incidence of asymptomatic EMH in a solid group of well-transfused ΤΜ patients. Given the high incidence of the IVS-I-6 allele in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern region, high-quality, prospective, multicenter studies could confirm the association of EMH occurrence with the presence of the IVS-I-6 mutation and further evaluate the exact role of this mutation in the EMH process.

E‐commerce and globalization: an exploratory study of Egypt

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elbeltagi
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Cross Culture ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address how cultures could affect the way different people use the internet. The study showed that there is a great potential for e‐commerce in Egypt in particular and Arab world in general. However, there are many challenges, where people are used to paying cash for what they buy, the credit or debit card as an instrument for buying things is not readily acceptable by public Egyptians.Design/methodology/approachThis is an exploratory study based on analysing secondary data and observation. The reason for choosing this approach in this stage of research is the lack of research that deals with this particular issue in the chosen case study.FindingsThe results showed that e‐commerce has some merit in targeting global customers, if it considers cultural differences when adopting and applying global marketing strategy. Although there are many governmental initiatives to adopt ICT on all levels in Egypt, the reality still far behind and there is still a lot need to be done from both government and private sector to gain the benefits required. Research limitations/implications–Limitations include the use of secondary data and observation as the research method in this study. Empirical data and sampling will be required for further research. A comprehensive cross culture study among Arab countries and how a framework of culture could affect the online shopping behavior will be required for further research. Managerial implications are discussed with respect to formulating suitable marketing strategy to fit with the cultural differences of the Middle Eastern courtiers especially the language, values and religion.Originality/valueProvides insights for future researchers.

Selected indicators on science and knowledge in Arab countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-423
Author(s):  
Gabi El-Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Education Student ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
Internet Penetration

This statistical file is concerned with indications of the status of science and knowledge in Arab countries, assuming that these countries have no alternative but to stimulate the areas of science and technology together along with the education sector, if for nothing more than to overcome some lingering problems like food-, water- and energy security (UNESCO, p 251). Tables 1 and 2 provide general socio-economic data, which might serve as prelimnary indicators. Table 3 presents indicators on higher education student enrollment, while Table 4 provides statements on public expenditure on education. Ranking of Arab research institutions is shown in Table 5, while Table 6 indicates the ranking of Arab countries in the Assimilation of Technology Index. Tables 7 provides statements on the numbers of reserchers in some Arab countries, while Table 8 presents statements on gross expenditure on research & development (GERD) as a Percentage of GDP. Tables 9 and 10 give figures on the number of scientific publications and articles being written in Arab countries, while Table 11 presents figures on internet penetration into the Arab Region.

scholarly journals The role of the media in forming awareness and knowledge among members of society About Crisis 0f Virus COVID-19 (Corona) A field study at the level of the Arab world

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-36
Author(s):  
هيثم عبد الرحمن أحمد السامرائي
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
Radio Programs

The study attempted to reveal the role of the media in forming awareness and knowledge among members of society about the crisis 0f virus COVID-19. It aimed to get acquainted with the role of traditional and new media in dealing with this pandemic and assess its credibility in the Arab countries to deliver the correct news and information about this crisis to the public. In this study, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method through the method of surveying the media and electronic platforms used by the public in the Arab world to communicate with state agencies to obtain various information related to the crisis 0f virus COVID-19. The researcher designed a questionnaire to collect data for this study consisting of 7 axes and includes 50 questions. The study sample reached 1060 community members, male and female, from the age of 20 to 60 years, representing 19 Arab countries. The study concluded a number of results, the most important of which are: the success of media briefings and press conferences held by Arab governments during the Corona crisis, as well as the emergence of a spokesperson in this crisis in a convincing and logical manner In addition to the success of the media in educating society about preventive and preventive measures through TV and radio programs and social media sites, The study also found that 60% of the respondents were concerned during the crisis, following up on news related to the country's efforts to combat the virus Finally, it was noted that the doctors seized the media as the first line of defines, unlike celebrities of social media who lost their credibility and pulled the rug from under their legs due to the lack of confidence among members of the public in their information and that some were a source of spreading remorse.

scholarly journals The Life Experiences of Twenty-One Women who Challenged Disability

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Jahda Abou Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Living History ◽  
Disabled Women ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women With Disability ◽  
Actual Life

Studies related to disability in the Arab world are still limited and studies concerned with the status of disabled women are nearly non-existent. In order to fill the void I have conducted research work covering the experiences of 21 women with disability in seven Arab countries. By analyzing the living history of these women the study aims at deciphering the actual life conditions of women with disability in the Arab world. The objective is to highlight the areas of oppression and opportunities available to disabled Arab women in comparison with women with disability worldwide.

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