scholarly journals Morphology of Memory: Creating a Web-Based 3D Interactive Resource to Teach the Anatomy of the Human Hippocampus

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Brandt ◽  
David Nauen ◽  
Michael Miller ◽  
Lydia Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Critical Region ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Human Hippocampus ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
The Brain

The hippocampus is a critical region of the brain involved in memory and learning and is composed of layered, interconnected regions. Despite the importance of understanding normal hippocampal anatomy for studying its functions and disease processes that affect it, didactic educational visualizations are severely limited. To help graduate students and scientists better understand and visualize the human hippocampus, a web-based interactive resource was created that included a 3D animation and manipulatable 3D models of hippocampal regions. These resources allow users to expand their comprehension of this complex anatomy.

Multiple Memory Systems and Their Support of Language

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Kurczek ◽  
Natalie Vanderveen ◽  
Melissa C. Duff
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
Multiple Memory Systems ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Language And Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

There is a long history of research linking the various forms of memory to different aspects of language. Clinically, we see this memory-language connection in the prevalence of language and communication deficits in populations that have concomitant impairments in memory and learning. In this article, we provide an overview of how the demands of language use and processing are supported by multiple memory systems in the brain, including working memory, declarative memory and nondeclarative memory, and how disruptions in different forms of memory may affect language. While not an exhaustive review of the literature, special attention is paid to populations who speech-language pathologists (SLPs) routinely serve. The goal of this review is to provide a resource for clinicians working with clients with disorders in memory and learning in helping to understand and anticipate the range of disruptions in language and communication that can arise as a consequence of memory impairment. We also hope this is a catalyst for more research on the contribution of multiple memory systems to language and communication.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout in Athletic Training Students: A Comparison of Undergraduate and Graduate Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Ashlyne Paige Vineyard ◽  
Andrew Gallucci ◽  
Kathleen Adair ◽  
Leslie Oglesby ◽  
Kristina White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Athletic Training Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Survey Responses

Context Burnout is a psychological syndrome consisting of increased emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and decreased personal accomplishment (PA). To date, examinations of burnout among athletic training students (ATS) is limited. Objective To determine prevalence and antecedents of burnout among ATS. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants Students enrolled in athletic training programs (ATP). Intervention(s) A survey assessed demographics, stressors, and burnout measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey. Main Outcome Measure(s) Multiple regression analyses were used to determine relationships between variables. Results A total of 725 students participated. Most respondents were undergraduates (n = 582, 80%), female (n = 518, 71%), Caucasian (n = 564, 78%), and single (n = 422, 58%). Mean burnout scores for EE, DP, and PA were 33 ± 10, 17 ± 4.5, and 39 ± 5.8, respectively. Survey responses showed that 70.8% of undergraduate and 62.9% of graduate students reported high EE. All the students (100%) in both samples reported high DP. Undergraduates pursuing internships or residencies (b = −7.69, P < .001) and who were currently enrolled in non–Division I institutions (b = −2.90, P < .01) had decreased EE. Increased stress revealed increased EE (overall stress: b = 3.11, P < .001; social stress: b = 1.32, P < .05; class stress: b = 1.45, P < .05). Increases in clinical hours also related to increased EE (b = 1.49, P < .001). Those pursuing internships or residencies (b = −2.10, P < .05) and who were female (b = −2.10, P < .05) reported decreased DP. Being married (b = 2.87, P < .01), increased clinical hours (b = 0.77, P < .001), and social stress (b = 0.59, P < .05) resulted in increased DP. Increased PA was seen in students intending to pursue graduate education (b = 1.76, P < .05) and female students (b = 1.17, P < .05). Graduate students' stress levels revealed increased EE (b = 6.57, P < .01) and DP (b = 0.98, P < .05). Conclusions Differences exist between undergraduate and graduate burnout scores and associated predictors. Further research is needed to identify student responses to burnout.

scholarly journals The investigation into neurotoxicity mechanisms of Nonylphenol: A narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandana Lotfi ◽  
Amir Hosseyn Hasanpour ◽  
Ali Akbar Moghadamnia ◽  
Sohrab Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylate ◽  
Intracellular Calcium Ion ◽  
The Brain

Background: Nonylphenol (NP), as a chemical compound that widely used in industry, is the result of the nonylphenol ethoxylate decomposition and it is known as an estrogen-like compound. Numerous studies and researches have shown that it has many destructive functions of various organs such as the brain. This toxicant causes oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus cells, which are two essential regions to preserve memory and learning in the brain. Methods: This review examines recent findings to better understand the mechanisms of NP neurotoxicity. We used Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed databases to find articles with focus on the destructive effects of NP on the oxidative stress pathway and its defense mechanisms. Results: NP has potential human health hazard associated with gestational, peri- and postnatal exposure. NP can disrupt brain homeostasis in different ways, such as activation of inflammatory factors in brain especially in hippocampus and cortex, disruption of the cell cycle, changes in neuron, dendrites and synapses morphology, disruption of extra and intracellular calcium ion balance and also memory and learning disorders

Multimodal Risk-Based Path Planning for Neurosurgical Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kunz ◽  
Maximilian Gerst ◽  
Pit Henrich ◽  
Max Schneider ◽  
Michal Hlavac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Interaction ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Modular Architecture ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Planning Time ◽  
Inherent Risk ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Neurosurgical Planning ◽  
Quantitative Performance ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Image-guided neurosurgical interventions are challenging due to the complex anatomy of the brain and the inherent risk of damaging vital structures. This paper presents a neurosurgical planning tool for safe and effective neurosurgical interventions, minimizing the risk through optimized access planning. The strengths of the proposed system are the integration of multiple risk structures combined into a holistic model for fast and intuitive user interaction, and a modular architecture. The tool is intended to support neurosurgeons to quickly determine the most appropriate surgical entry point and trajectory through the brain with minimized risk. The user interface guides a user through the decision-making process and may save planning time of neurosurgical interventions. The navigation tool has been interfaced to the Robot Operating System, which allows the integration into automated workflows and the planning of linear and nonlinear trajectories. Determined risk structures and trajectories can be visualized intuitively as a projection map on the skin or cortical surface. Two risk calculation modes (strict and joint) are offered to the neurosurgeons, depending on the intracranial procedure's type and complexity. A qualitative evaluation with clinical experts shows the practical relevance, while a quantitative performance and functionality analysis proves the robustness and effectiveness of the system.

From Content Engagement to Cognitive Engagement

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy A. Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Study Skills ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Cognitive Engagement ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Web Based Learning ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of this paper was to develop an immersive Web-based learning model and measure its effectiveness on improving self-questioning and self-study skills among graduate students. The proposed model was guided theoretically by the flipped classroom as a new Web-based learning trend. It was also guided pedagogically by active and reflective learning principles that support transforming the teaching and learning practices from content engagement to cognitive engagement. The targeted immersive learning model encompasses four reciprocal phases: Pro-act, Act, Reflect, and Re-act (PARR). A control group post-test only experimental design was applied in this paper to examine the effect of this new learning model on both self-questioning and self-study skills. To validate the suggested model, a convenience sample of graduate students studying an advanced statistics course was selected from the Distance Teaching and Training Program at the Arabian Gulf University during the second semester of the 2012/2013 academic year. The dependent variables in this research were measured by self-questioning skills scale and self-study skills scale. After designing and applying this new immersive Web-based learning model (PARR), findings revealed that using the flipped classroom through this immersive Web-based learning model has a statistical and practical impact on developing self-questioning and self-study skills among graduate students. Each student in the experimental group was able to master self-questioning skills needed to apply quantitative research data analysis knowledge and methods. In addition, each student in the experimental group scored more than theoretical average of the self-study skills scale. The results of this paper may increase the probability and genralizability of using flipped classroom to deliver other statistical course at all educational levels. The contribution of this research is that it qualifies the Web-based instructional practices to shift from content acquisition act to knowledge expression and creation act. In addition, the paper will be of benefit to people looking for pedagogical applications of virtual and blended learning environments for developing multiple ways to express what learners know and be able to do.

BOT: The building topology ontology of the W3C linked building data group

Semantic Web ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads Holten Rasmussen ◽  
Maxime Lefrançois ◽  
Georg Ferdinand Schneider ◽  
Pieter Pauwels
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Real Life ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
High Level

Actors in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner and Operation (AECOO) industry traditionally exchange building models as files. The Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodology advocates the seamless exchange of all information between related stakeholders using digital technologies. The ultimate evolution of the methodology, BIM Maturity Level 3, envisions interoperable, distributed, web-based, interdisciplinary information exchange among stakeholders across the life-cycle of buildings. The World Wide Web Consortium Linked Building Data Community Group (W3C LBD-CG) hypothesises that the Linked Data models and best practices can be leveraged to achieve this vision in modern web-based applications. In this paper, we introduce the Building Topology Ontology (BOT) as a core vocabulary to this approach. It provides a high-level description of the topology of buildings including storeys and spaces, the building elements they contain, and their web-friendly 3D models. We describe how existing applications produce and consume datasets combining BOT with other ontologies that describe product catalogues, sensor observations, or Internet of Things (IoT) devices effectively implementing BIM Maturity Level 3. We evaluate our approach by exporting and querying three real-life large building models.

A Web-Based Simulation Game for Teaching Supply Chain Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
Ming-Ling Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Simulation Game ◽  
Horizontal Integration ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Global Issues

Supply chain management (SCM) is a complex business discipline because it combines the concepts of forecasting, inventory management, logistics and distribution, vertical and horizontal integration, and global issues. This complexity creates a challenge when teaching the concepts to both undergraduate and graduate students. A web-based computer simulation can be very useful in helping students to grasp the difficult concepts. It helps students to think systematically and logically as they progress through scenarios with uncertainties and complexity. This article provides detailed implementation protocols for using a web-based SCM game including game descriptions, classroom pedagogy, and simulation assessment. Recommendations are also provided based on the instructor’s experience.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach to 3D Web Visualization of Cultural Heritage Heterogeneous Datasets

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Argyro-Maria Boutsi ◽  
Charalabos Ioannidis ◽  
Sofia Soile
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Data Interoperability ◽  
Web Based ◽  
3D Scene

The evolution of the high-quality 3D archaeological representations from niche products to integrated online media has not yet been completed. Digital archives of the field often lack multimodal data interoperability, user interaction and intelligibility. A web-based cultural heritage archive that compensates for these issues is presented in this paper. The multi-resolution 3D models constitute the core of the visualization on top of which supportive documentation data and multimedia content are spatial and logical connected. Our holistic approach focuses on the dynamic manipulation of the 3D scene through the development of advanced navigation mechanisms and information retrieval tools. Users parse the multi-modal content in a geo-referenced way through interactive annotation systems over cultural points of interest and automatic narrative tours. Multiple 3D and 2D viewpoints are enabled in real-time to support data inspection. The implementation exploits front-end programming languages, 3D graphic libraries and visualization frameworks to handle efficiently the asynchronous operations and preserve the initial assets’ accuracy. The choice of Greece’s Meteora, UNESCO world site, as a case study accounts for the platform’s applicability to complex geometries and large-scale historical environments.

scholarly journals Effect of Curcuma zedoaria hydro-alcoholic extract on learning, memory deficits and oxidative damage of brain tissue following seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole in rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Touran Mahmoudi ◽  
Zahra Lorigooini ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-kopaei ◽  
Mehran Arabi ◽  
Zahra Rabiei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Maze ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seizure Threshold ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
Tonic Seizure ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that seizures can cause cognitive disorders. On the other hand, the Curcuma zedoaria (CZ) has beneficial effects on the nervous system. However, there is little information on the possible effects of the CZ extract on seizures. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of CZ extract on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress induced by epilepsy in rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into different groups. In all rats (except the sham group), kindling was performed by intraperitoneal injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) at a dose of 35 mg/kg every 48 h for 14 days. Positive group received 2 mg/kg diazepam + PTZ; treatment groups received 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg CZ extract + PTZ; and one group received 0.5 mg/kg flumazenil and CZ extract + PTZ. Shuttle box and Morris Water Maze tests were used to measure memory and learning. On the last day of treatments PTZ injection was at dose of 60 mg/kg, tonic seizure threshold and mortality rate were recorded in each group. After deep anesthesia, blood was drawn from the rats’ hearts and the hippocampus of all rats was removed. Results Statistical analysis of the data showed that the CZ extract significantly increased the tonic seizure threshold and reduced the pentylenetetrazol-induced mortality and the extract dose of 400 mg/kg was selected as the most effective dose compared to the other doses. It was also found that flumazenil (a GABAA receptor antagonist) reduced the tonic seizure threshold compared to the effective dose of the extract. The results of shuttle box and Morris water maze behavioral tests showed that memory and learning decreased in the negative control group and the CZ extract treatment improved memory and learning in rats. The CZ extract also increased antioxidant capacity, decreased MDA and NO in the brain and serum of pre-treated groups in compared to the negative control group. Conclusion: It is concluded that the CZ extract has beneficial effects on learning and memory impairment in PTZ-induced epilepsy model, which has been associated with antioxidant effects in the brain or possibly exerts its effects through the GABAergic system.

scholarly journals Graduate Students Report Strong Acceptance and Loyal Usage of Google Scholar

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Shen
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Tam Model ◽  
Acceptance Model ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
The University

Objective – To determine the frequency of graduate students’ Google Scholar usage, and the contributing factors to their adoption. The researchers also aimed to examine whether the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is applicable to graduate students’ acceptance of Google Scholar. Design – Web-based survey questionnaire. Setting – The survey was conducted over the internet through email invitations. Subjects – 1,114 graduate students enrolled at the Twin Cities campus of the University of Minnesota. Methods – 9,998 graduate students were invited via email to participate in a study about their perceptions of Google Scholar in the fall of 2009. A follow-up email and a raffle of two $25 gift certificates were used to provide participation incentive. The survey measurements, which consisted of 53 items in 15 questions, were based on modifications to the validated TAM using measurements adopted by other studies using the same instrument. Each item was scored using five-point scales ranging from 1 (“strongly disagree”) to 5 (“strongly agree”). Because the TAM model is based on direct user experience, only responses from those who have used Google Scholar in the past were included in the data analysis. Main Results – The survey had a response rate of 11.4%, with 73% of the respondents reporting having used Google Scholar at least once before. However, only 45% of those who had used Google Scholar reported linking to full text articles through the customized library link “frequently or always.” On average, respondents found Google Scholar easy to use (M=4.09 out of 5) and access (M=3.86). They also perceived Google Scholar as a useful resource for their research (M=3.98), which enhanced their searching effectiveness (M=3.89). However, respondents were less enthusiastic when asked whether they often found what they were looking for using Google Scholar (M=3.33) or whether it had enough resources for their research (M=3.14). Nonetheless, most still felt they made the correct decision to use Google Scholar (M=3.94), even if their loyalty towards Google Scholar was limited (M=3.23). The researcher categorized survey measurements into 9 TAM-based variables and performed regression analysis (all with p

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