scholarly journals Agentes folkcomunicacionales y memoria colectiva: organizando el territorio desde la experiencia popular

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (41) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Nastassja Mancilla Ivaca
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Memory State ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Cultura Popular ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Military

Este artículo es parte de una investigación en curso que se desarrolla en la precordillera de la región de Los Ríos, Chile, donde ex pobladores/ras buscan recuperar territorios del Complejo Forestal y Maderero Panguipulli (COFOMAP) de los cuales fueron desplazados forzadamente durante la dictadura militar (1973-1989). El objetivo es analizar las prácticas folkcomunicacionales de actoras/res que otorgan sentido a la apropiación del espacio desde la cultura popular, que emerge en la memoria colectiva y potencia la organización. Dimensión que se identificó a partir del trabajo de campo que incluyó entrevistas grupales y observación participante. Así, se articula una narrativa resistente al despojo empresarial y el terrorismo estatal vívido, otorgando inteligibilidad a la lucha presente y las demandas de justicia. Memoria colectiva; Terrorismo de Estado; Prácticas folkcomunicacionales; Desplazamiento forzado. This article is part of an ongoing research developed at the foothills of Región de Los Ríos, Chile, where former inhabitants seek to recover territory of the former Panguipulli Forestry and Timber Complex (COFOMAP) from where they were forcefully displaced during the military dictatorship (1973-1989). The objective is to analyse the stakeholders’ folkcommunicational practices that grant meaning to the land ownership from the popular culture, which emerges as the collective memory and strengthens the organization. This dimension was identified from the fieldwork that included group interviews and participant observation. Thus, a corporate plundering resistant narrative is articulated and the vivid state terrorism grant intelligibility to the current struggle and the demands for justice. Collective Memory; State Terrorism; Folkcommunicational Practices; Forced Displacement. Nosso artigo é parte de uma pesquisa em andamento que ocorre na região de Los Ríos, sul do Chile, onde ex-moradores buscam recuperar territórios do Complexo Florestal e Madeireiro de Panguipulli (COFOMAP) de onde foram deslocados à força durante a ditadura militar (1973-1989). O objetivo é analisar as práticas de comunicação popular de agentes que dão sentido à apropriação do espaço da cultura popular, que emerge na memória coletiva e fortalece a organização, dimensão que foi identificada a partir do trabalho de campo que incluiu entrevistas grupais e observação participante. Assim, articula-se uma narrativa resistente à expropriação corporativa e ao vívido terrorismo de Estado, conferindo inteligibilidade à luta atual e às demandas por justiça. Memória coletiva; Terrorismo de Estado; Práticas folkcomunicacionais; Deslocamento forçado.

Puppet theatre: A way to tell what cannot be told and to face pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Andrea Markovits
Keyword(s):  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Memory Recovery ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Face Pain ◽  
Puppet Theatre ◽  
Collective Performance ◽  
Puppet Therapy ◽  
In Transit ◽  
The Military ◽  
Integrated Health Services

Processes of artistic reparation and memory recovery are spaces created for victims of state terrorism and family members of the disappeared in the context of the military dictatorship in Chile (1973‐90). Puppet therapy was utilized as a methodology by the company Puppets in Transit with participants drawn from Integrated Health Services in Chile in relation to reparation projects. This process of intervention with puppets seeks to restore social bonds, to enable an intergenerational dialogue and to transmit fragmented memory. The puppet, an expressive, symbolic and mediating object, stimulates a collective dialogue to create collective performance related to participants’ memories. All those mentioned in this article have given permission for their stories to be mentioned; we use only first names.

scholarly journals La televisión ante el pasado reciente: ¿Cómo estudiar la relación entre TV y memoria social?

Anos 90 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Feld
Keyword(s):  
Social Memory ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Memory Image ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Military

RESUMEN: Este artículo propone indagar las maneras en que la televisión representa el pasado reciente de la Argentina, a través de tres articulaciones específicas entre TV y memoria social. Se sugieren tres abordajes, distintos en términos analíticos, para la investigación. Estos abordajes permiten enfocar el rol de este medio en la configuración de agendas públicas (o sea, se aborda a la televisión como emprendedora de la memoria), su efectividad como soporte para difundir acontecimientos del pasado entre las nuevas generaciones (es decir, como vehículo de transmisión intergeneracional), o su rol como constructor de sentidos a través de imágenes, sonidos y palabras (es decir, la televisión se aborda como escenario de la memoria). Todos estos roles coexisten y se articulan, aunque también entran en tensión. El artículo se centra particularmente en la experiencia del terrorismo de Estado en Argentina, en el marco de la dictadura militar de 1976-1983, y en las memorias construidas en torno a la desaparición forzada de personas. El análisis de los vínculos entre TV y memoria permite pensar de qué modos los obstáculos para narrar una experiencia límite se combinan, de maneras complejas  y no fácilmente inteligibles, con la intención de vender un producto y de entretener al espectador. PALABRAS CLAVE: Televisión, memoria, imagen, dictadura, represiónAUTOR: Claudia FELD INSTITUCIÓN: CONICET – IDES RESUMEN EN INGLÉS TITLE: Television as regards the recent past. How to study the link between TV and social memory.ABSTRACT:This article aims to examine the ways in which television represents Argentina’s recent past, through three specific links between TV and social memory. Three approaches for research are proposed, which are different in analytical terms. These approaches allow us to focus on the role this medium plays in configuring public agendas (that is, television is approached as an entrepreneur of memory); its effectiveness as a medium which communicates past events to new generations (i.e., as a vehicle of transmission among generations); or its role as a constructor of meanings through images, sounds, and words (that is to say, television is approached as a stage for memory). All of these roles co-exist and are intertwined, but there  is also tension among them. This article especially focuses on the experience of state terrorism in Argentina, in the framework of the military dictatorship in 1976-1983, as well as on the constructed memories about the disappearance of persons. The analysis of the links between TV and memory allows us to think how the obstacles to narrate an extreme experience are combined, in complex and not easily intelligible ways, with the sale of a product and entertainment.KEYWORDS: Television, memory, image, dictatorship, repression

Site of Memory and Site of Forgetting

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Ana Guglielmucci ◽  
Luciana Scaraffuni Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Military

Efforts to classify the Punta Carretas Prison, repurposed as a shopping center, into a “site of forgetting” imposed through the logic of the market obscure the ongoing productivity of the place as a vehicle of memory linked not only to the military dictatorship but also to the privatization of public patrimony. They fail to account for the dynamic and complex process of construction of a common past resulting from direct confrontations between different sectors of Uruguayan society. The increasing politicization and spatialization of collective memory, focusing on past experiences of repression, overlook the link between memory, history, nation-state, museum, everyday life, people’s dreams, their sense of the future, and utopia. Los esfuerzos para clasificar la prisión de Punta Carretas (ahora transformada en un centro comercial) como un “lugar del olvido” impuesto por medio de la lógica del mercado ocultan la productividad en curso del lugar como vehículo de la memoria ligado no unicamente a la dictadura militar pero también a la privatización del patrimonio público. No toman en cuenta el proceso dinámico y complejo de la creación de un pasado común que es el resultado de los enfrentamientos directos entre diferentes sectores de la sociedad uruguaya. La creciente politicización y espacialización de la memoria colectiva, con el énfasis en las experiencias pasadas de represión, pasa por alto el vínculo entre la memoria, la historia, el estado nacional, el museo, la vida cotidiana, los sueños de la gente, el sentido del futuro y la utopía.

Collective Memory and the Language of Human Rights

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Political Events ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Political Spectrum

The democratization that followed the last military dictatorship in Argentina (1976–1983) has been influenced by human rights organizations’ relentless work to bring about truth and justice regarding the consequences of state terrorism and to keep the memory of that period alive. These efforts frame the discursive context in which human rights violations, including torture, are interpreted in contemporary Argentina. Argentine interviewees from across the political spectrum condemn torture, but the language and frames they use and the narratives surrounding political events vary. These accounts expose the conflicted terrain of memory making and the ambivalences and contradictions that permeate the construction of a torture-rejecting culture. La democratización que vino después de la última dictadura militar en la Argentina (1976–1983) ha sido influenciada por el trabajo incesante de las organizaciones de derechos humanos para lograr que se establezca la verdad y se haga justicia sobre las consecuencias del terrorismo de estado y para mantener la memoria sobre ese periodo viva. Estos esfuerzos enmarcan el contexto discursivo a través del cual las violaciones de los derechos humanos, entre ellas la tortura, son interpretadas en la Argentina contemporánea. Las personas entrevistadas en Argentina, quienes atraviesan el espectro político, condenan la tortura. Sin embargo, el lenguaje y los esquemas que usan y las narrativas sobre los acontecimientos políticos varían. Estos relatos exponen el terreno conflictivo de la construcción de la memoria y las ambivalencias y contradicciones que permean la construcción de una cultura de rechazo hacia la tortura.

scholarly journals O discurso do terrorismo no pós Segunda Guerra Mundial e suas consequências na Ditadura Militar da Argentina (1976 – 1983)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Heloisa Cristina Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
The Military

Resumo: A Ditadura Militar da Argentina deixou diversas marcas em sua sociedade. Respaldado pelo discurso da ameaça comunista e pelo suposto terrorismo de esquerda, o golpe foi deflagrado em março de 1976; iniciou-se aí um período que ficou conhecido como “Terrorismo de Estado” que se prolongou até 1983. Tendo em vista essas duas narrativas completamente opostas que se relacionam com a palavra “terrorismo”, o presente artigo aplica a Teoria Crítica das Relações Internacionais buscando-se a resposta: existia o terrorismo revolucionário ou o terrorismo de Estado?  É possível que tenha existido os dois? E a pergunta mais importante: o que é o Terrorismo? Trata-se, portanto, de um jogo de perguntas e respostas, fazendo uso uma categoria – terrorismo – e um discurso que ora é aplicado por um lado, ora por outro. Abstract: The Military Dictatorship in Argentina left several marks in its society. Under the speech of the communist threat and by supposed left-wing terrorism, the coup d’état took place in March of 1976; after this, it has started a period that is known as “State Terrorism” that has ended only in 1983. In view of these two completely opposite narratives that are related to the word "terrorism", this article applies the Critical Theory of International Relations seeking the answer: was there revolutionary terrorism or state terrorism? Is it possible that the two have existed? And the most important question: What is Terrorism? It is, therefore, a question-and-answer game, using a category - terrorism - and a speech that is sometimes applied to one side or the other.

scholarly journals Re-living a Common Future in the Face of Ecological Disaster: Exploring (Elements of) Guarani and Kaiowá Collective Memories, Political Imagination, and Critiques

Human Arenas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Normann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Political Imagination ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Ecological Disaster ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group Interviews

AbstractHow to re-member a fragmented world while climate change escalates, and green growth models reproduce coloniality, particularly in Indigenous territories? What can be the concrete contributions from different scholarly disciplines to a broader decolonial project? These questions are debated by decolonial scholars who call to re-think our practices within academic institutions and in the fields that we study. This article contributes with a decolonial perspective to sociocultural psychology and studies on Indigenous knowledges about climate change. Through ethnographic methods and individual and group interviews, I engage with indigenous Guarani and Kaiowá participants’ knowledges and practices of resilience opposing green growth models in the Brazilian state Mato Grosso do Sul. Their collective memory of a different past, enacted through narratives, rituals, and social practices, was fundamental to imagine different possible futures, which put in motion transformation processes. Their example opens a reflection about the possibilities in connecting sociocultural psychology’s work on collective memory and political imagination to the broader decolonial project, in supporting people’s processes of re-membering in contexts of adverse conditions caused by coloniality and ecological disaster.

Towards a Poor Theatre in Brazil

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
David George
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Marked Influence ◽  
Social Vision ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Recorded Music ◽  
The Military ◽  
Abstract Formulation

São Paulo's Grupo Macunaíma has established a paradigm for a unique form of poor theatre, which has had a marked influence on alternative troupes in Brazil attempting to break the commercial mould and to return to a social vision, lost during the darkest years of the military dictatorship. Grotowski's Towards a Poor Theatre outlines the abstract formulation and practical applications of the method he elaborated in his Polish Laboratory Theatre. The director-theoretician proposed first and foremost to overturn what he called rich theatre: a form of staging using ‘borrowed mechanisms’ from movies and television and expensive scenic technology. The Polish Laboratory was also an actor-centred theatre in which the stage was redesigned architecturally for each performance to allow the performers to interact with the audience and in which there were no naturalistic sets or props, no recorded music or sophisticated lighting. The actor, through a complex system of signs, continually created and recreated the meaning of text, constumes, set, and props. ‘By this use of controlled gesture the actor transforms the floor into a sea, a table into a confessional, a piece of iron into an animate partner, etc.’ (Poor Theatre, p. 21). Grotowski's plays were filled with costumes made of torn bags, bathtubs serving as altars, bunkbeds becoming mountains, hammers used as ‘musical’ instruments. ‘Each object must contribute not to the meaning but to the dynamic of the play; its value resides in its various uses.’ Other tenets of the Grotowski system germane to this study are a return to mythical and ritual roots, the theatrical remaking of classical works, and the collective basis of stagecraft.

The meaning of slow nursing in dementia care

Dementia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 930-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lillekroken ◽  
Solveig Hauge ◽  
Åshild Slettebø
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Moment

Research literature in the dementia field lacks examples of ‘best-practices’ demonstrating concretely how it is possible to support the sense of coherence in people with dementia. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the nurses’ views concerning a caring approach that may support the sense of coherence in people with dementia. The data were collected through participant observation and focus group interviews during a four-month period in 2011. Sixteen registered nurses recruited from two Norwegian nursing homes participated in this study. The data were interpreted using a phenomenological-hermeneutical method. Three themes were identified: ‘being in the moment’, ‘doing one thing at a time’, and ‘creating joy and contentment’. An overall interpretation of these themes is described by the metaphor ‘slow nursing’, a caring approach that may lead to supporting the sense of coherence in people with dementia.

The Historian’s Role, Public History, and the National Truth Commission in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Viz Quadrat
Keyword(s):  
Public History ◽  
Truth Commission ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
National Reconciliation ◽  
Do So

AbstractIn 2011, twenty-six years after the end of the military dictatorship, the Brazilian government took the initiative of implementing the right to memory and to the truth, as well as promoting national reconciliation. A National Truth Commission was created aiming at examining and shedding light on serious human rights violations practiced by government agents from 1946 to 1985. It worked across the entire national territory for almost three years and established partnerships with governments of other countries in order to investigate and expose the international networks created by dictatorships for monitoring and persecuting political opponents across borders. This article analyzes the relationship between historians and the National Truth Commission in Brazil, in addition to the construction of dictatorship public history in the country. In order to do so, the Commission’s relationship with the national community of historians, the works carried out, as well as historians’ reactions towards its works, from its creation until its final report in 2014, will be examined.

The social service Reconceptualisation Movement in Brazil from 1960 to 1970

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Isaura Gomes de Carvalho Aquino ◽  
Maria Rosângela Batistoni ◽  
Graziela Scheffer Machado
Keyword(s):  
Social Service ◽  
Renewal Process ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Service Professional ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Military

The aim of the current article is to present results of three studies about the so-called Reconceptualisation Movement in Brazil, based on the historical rescue of significant and exemplifying expressions used in the country from 1960 to 1970. The analysed studies have focused on investigating the economic and social significance of the military dictatorship to Brazilian society. They aimed at unveiling the historical background, sociopolitical bases and theoretical-methodological references guiding social service professional projects in the country at that time. The herein conducted analysis was based on documentary and bibliographic sources, collections, and testimonials to identify the strengths of projects that were in compliance with, and in opposition to, each other due to the tense theoretical and ideological dispute for hegemony in the Brazilian social service renewal process.

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