Legal Protection for Children as a Result of Transnational Marriage Dissolution in Indonesian Marriage Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erni Agustin ◽  
Faizal Kurniawan ◽  
Rizky Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Transnational Marriage ◽  
Marriage Dissolution

scholarly journals ITSBAT TALAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Zainuddin Zainuddin ◽  
Khairina Khairina ◽  
Sulastri Caniago
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Legal Problem ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Legal Recognition ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Legal Problems

This study discusses about itsbat talak (legal recognition of divorce) pronounced by husbands out of court in the perspective of Marriage Law in Indonesia. There are three issues answered in this study. First, how is the legal problem of out-of-court divorce in the perspective of Marriage Law in Indonesia and Fiqh? Second, what is the urgency of itsbat talak in the view of fiqh and Marriage Law in Indonesia? Third, what is the review of the Marriage Law in Indonesia on the itsbat talak out-of-court? To answer this problem, a library study was conducted. The data was collected through searching of the research results, books, fiqh books, laws or regulations and electronic as well as digital data through websites. The study found that there are some legal problems of itsbat talak for out-of-court divorce such as its legality, the probability of talak for twice, no legal protection, the couple blocked from other marriage, and the lost of post-marriage rights. Itsbat talak for out of court divorce can be recognized in the Marriage Law in Indonesia. Studi ini mengkaji tentang itsbat (pengakuan hukum) talak yang telah dijatuhkan suami di luar pengadilan dalam perspektif hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Ada tiga persoalan yang akan dijawab dalam studi ini. Pertama, bagaimana problematika hukum talak di luar pengadilan dalam perspektif Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia dan Fikih ? Kedua, bagaimana urgensi itsbat talak dalam pandangan Fikih maupun Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia ? Ketiga, bagaimana tinjauan Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia terhadap itsbat talak  perceraian di luar pengadilan ? Untuk menjawab permasalahan ini dilakukan studi kepustakaan. Data tentang talak di luar pengadilan atau itsbat nikah dikumpul melalui penelusuran hasil-hasil penelitian, buku-buku atau kitab fikih, undang-undang atau peraturan dan data elektronik melalui website. Data ini diolah, dianalisis dan dijadikan bahan untuk mengkaji itsbat talak dengan menggunakan metode kajian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan jawaban, pertama; ada lima problem hukum talak di luar pengadilan, seperti keabsahannya, kemungkinan terjadi talak dua kali, tidak adanya perlindungan hukum, pasangan talak di luar pengadilan tidak dapat melakukan penikahan resmi dengan yang lain, tidak bisa mendapatkan  hak-hak setelah talak. Itsbat talak dapat diakui dalam hukum perkawinan di Indonesia.

scholarly journals Implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU/XIII/2015 Tentang Perjanjian Perkawinan Terhadap Tujuan Perkawinan

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Moh. Faizur Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
Property Loss ◽  
Happy Family ◽  
Islamic Marriage

Abstract: this article discusses changes brought by the ruling of Constitutional Court No. 69/PUU/XIII/2015 which reviewed Marriage Law No. 1/1974, article 29 on pre nuptial agreement.  The article previously stated that such an agreement must be done prior or at the eve of marriage contract was signed. The Constitutional Court  decided upon a petition that nuptial agreement may be done prior the marriage or during the marriage. The implication of this reuling by Constitutional Court is the additional legal protection regime that women can have in marriage against misfortunes such as domestic violence and property loss. In doing so, married couples will be focused on the realization of islamic marriage of everlasting, peaceful and happy family.  Abstrak: Salah satu tujuan utama pernikahan adalah terbentuknya keluarga yang bahagia, kekal, penuh kasih sayang di antara suami istri. Namun di luar itu berkemungkinan terjadi permasalahan dalam perkawinan, sehingga butuh diadakan sebuah perjanjian perkawinan. Dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 pasal 29 ayat (1) disebutkan bahwa perjanjian perkawinan harus diadakan saat atau sebelum perkawinan dilaksanakan. Hal ini dapat mengganggu konsentrasi pasangan terhadap tujuan utama perkawinan. Ditetapkannya putusan MK Nomor 69/PUU/XIII/2015, menjadikan frasa “pada waktu atau sebelum perkawinan dilangsungkan” dalam pasal 29 ayat (1) dimaknai dengan “pada waktu, sebelum dilangsungkan atau selama dalam ikatan perkawinan”. Jadi, perjanjian perkawinan yang semula harus diadakan sebelum atau saat perkawinan dilangsungkan, sekarang boleh diadakan setelah perkawinan dilangsungkan selama dalam ikatan perkawinan. Implikasi dari hal ini adalah adanya perlindungan hukum lebih, terutama bagi perempuan agar tidak menjadi korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, menjamin perlindungan terhadap hak milik atau hak guna bangunan suatu harta, pasangan juga lebih fokus terhadap tujuan utama perkawinan yakni membentuk keluarga yang bahagia, kekal, penuh kasih sayang bersama pasangan.

scholarly journals POLITIK HUKUM PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN TERHADAP ANAK LUAR NIKAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-126
Author(s):  
Muammar Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status

The formation of the 1974 Marriage Law is based on Islamic Law, which became a problem when the Constitutional Court gave a decision on the judicial review of the Marriage Law with a decision that was considered by the public that the decision was against Islamic law. The research problem in this article is, How is the Politics of Law in the Reform of Legislation in the Post-Constitutional Court Ruling on Marriage related to the status of children outside of marriage? Does the Constitutional Court Decision No 46 / PUU-VII / 2010 contradict Islamic law?The research approach used in this research is normative juridical. The results of the study indicate that children who are born must receive legal protection. If this is not the case, then the children who are born outside of marriage will suffer losses. The relationship between the child and the father does not only occur because of a legal marriage, but can also be based on evidence of a blood relationship between the child and the boy as the father. This is because birth is a legal result of a legal relationship in which there are reciprocal rights and obligations between the child, mother and father. This decision refers, because there is a relationship that is carried out without any legal conditions for marriage, both religiously and in a state, so that it does not cause harm which implies a child who has not done anything wrong. In conclusion, the Constitutional Court granted the renewal of the norm in article 43 of the Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974, which is to provide constitutional rights for children born out of wedlock whether born from a legally valid marriage or not. The decision of the Constitutional Court related to the addition of article 43 paragraph (1) of this marriage law is still in the spirit of Islam as the struggle of Muslims to be able to apply their religious values in this law is not only legally religiously or nationally. Abstrak Pembentukan Undang-Undang (UU) Perkawinan Tahun 1974 berdasarkan Hukum Islam, menjadi permasalahan saat Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) memutuskan judicial review atas UU perkawinan, bagi masyarakat bertentangan dengan hukum Islam. Permasalahan penelitian ini,  Bagaimana Politik Hukum dalam Pembaharuan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dalam UU Perkawinan Pasca Putusan MK terkait dengan status anak diluar nikah? Apakah Putusan MK No 46/PUU-VII/2010 bertentangan dengan hukum Islam? Pendekatan penelitian ini yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menguraikan, anak yang lahir harus mendapat perlindungan hukum. Jika tidak, yang dirugikan adalah anak yang dilahirkan diluar perkawinan. hubungan anak dengan bapak tidak semata-mata terjadi karena adanya sebuah perkawinan yang sah, tapi berdasar pembuktian adanya hubungan darah antara anak dan laki-laki sebagai bapak. Hal ini karena kelahiran adalah akibat hukum dari hubungan hukum yang terdapat hak dan kewajiban secara timbal balik. Putusan ini mengacu, sebab adanya hubungan yang dilakukan tanpa adanya syarat pernikahan yang sah, baik secara agamadan negara, sehingga tidak menimbulkan kerugian yang berimplikasi pada anak yang tidak melakukan kesalahan. Pembaharuan norma dalam pasal 43 UU  Perkawinan No. 1 Tahun 1974, memberikan hak konstitusional  anak yang dilahirkan di luar nikah baik yang lahir dari pernikahan yang sah secara agama atau tidak. Putusan MK terkait penambahan pasal 43 ayat (1) UU perkawinan masih bernafaskan Islam sesuai perjuangan ummat Islam untuk dapat menjalankan nilai-nilai agamanya dalam UU ini hannya tidak sah secara agama  dan Negara.

POLEMIK DI SEPUTAR HUKUM ISBAT NIKAH DALAM SISTEM HUKUM PERKAWINAN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-246
Author(s):  
Ramdani Wahyu Sururie
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Religious Courts

"Isbat nikah" is the verification of a marriage. Juridically, marriage verification is regulated under the laws such as Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, Law Number 7 of 1989 on Religious Courts, and Law No. 3 of 2006 and Law Number 50 of 2009 on Changes in the Religious Courts Act. The regulations stipulate that marriage verification is allowed for marriage performed before the Law Number 1 of 1974. In practice, marriage verification submitted to the Religious Court is done after the enactment of Law Number 1 of 1974. The acceptance of "marriage verification" by the Religious Court for the marriage taken place after the 1974 Marriage Law was based on the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), whereas KHI's legal status is not included in the Indonesian legal order. The essence of marriage verification is a legal determination. This means that a verified marriage remains valid because the marriage that is verified is merely on administrative reason. The position of marriage verification is a part of giving legal protection and legal certainty. The position of the KHI, which regulates in more detail the marriage verification, functions regulatively in the midst of a vacuum of religious judicial law. In addition, the judge may decide whether to grant or deny the application of marriage verification. Thus, it can be concluded that the nature of marriage verification is a part of legal discretion.

Polemik di Seputar Hukum Isbat Nikah dalam Sistem Hukum Perkawinan Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-246
Author(s):  
Ramdani Wahyu Sururie
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Religious Courts

"Isbat nikah" is the verification of a marriage. Juridically, marriage verification is regulated under the laws such as Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, Law Number 7 of 1989 on Religious Courts, and Law No. 3 of 2006 and Law Number 50 of 2009 on Changes in the Religious Courts Act. The regulations stipulate that marriage verification is allowed for marriage performed before the Law Number 1 of 1974. In practice, marriage verification submitted to the Religious Court is done after the enactment of Law Number 1 of 1974. The acceptance of "marriage verification" by the Religious Court for the marriage taken place after the 1974 Marriage Law was based on the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), whereas KHI's legal status is not included in the Indonesian legal order. The essence of marriage verification is a legal determination. This means that a verified marriage remains valid because the marriage that is verified is merely on administrative reason. The position of marriage verification is a part of giving legal protection and legal certainty. The position of the KHI, which regulates in more detail the marriage verification, functions regulatively in the midst of a vacuum of religious judicial law. In addition, the judge may decide whether to grant or deny the application of marriage verification. Thus, it can be concluded that the nature of marriage verification is a part of legal discretion.

scholarly journals Islamic Legal Protection of Child's Rights in Polygamous Marriage in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5195-5200
Author(s):  
Mulia Siregar, Fatimah Zuhrah, Muhammad Jailani
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Polygamous Marriage ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Islamic Marriage

The Indonesian Marriage Law Act Number 1/1974, and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) regulate the constitutional law of polygamous marriage in Indonesia. The act states that the basic principle of marriage in Indonesia is monogamy. The act also says that the husband must show evidence telling his ability to fulfill his family needs. The study on these issues conducted in Indonesia is a part of the Indonesia Islamic family law. The neglected protection of the child’s rights in a family needs to be escorted through imposing the rules concerning it. This study aims to find out the implementation of the protection of child rights in Islamic law on polygamous marriage. This research employed a qualitative method with a socio-legal study case approach. The result of the study showed first, there is always a problem in the matter of the child’s rights that should be fulfilled by polygamist fathers that have to be protected. Second, the rights of children in polygamous marriage cannot be fulfilled equally especially in unrecorded polygamous marriages. Third, there is uncertainty in the marriage law related to the maturity of children who are still under the protection of parents, where this uncertainty will make it difficult to implement the law. Basically, the protection of children in polygamous marriages has been regulated in the Islamic Marriage Law in Indonesia. However, there are still many gaps in Islamic legal protection in child protection in polygamous marriages, plus there are still many people who do not comply and ignore it.

scholarly journals UPAYA PENGADILAN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ANAK LUAR NIKAH BERDASARKAN SILA KE-5 PANCASILA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Dzanurusyamsyi Dzanurusyamsyi
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
District Court ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
The Law

In accordance with the Marriage Law Article 43 paragraph (1) and Article 100 Compilation of Islamic Law, that child out of wedlock obtain a civil relationship with her mother and her mother’s family. The provisions of article 43 paragraph (1) that the Court’s decision the Constitution of No. 046/PUU-VIII/2010 amended with the new norm, that “children born out of wedlock have links civil with her mother and her mother’s family as well as with men as a father to proven by science and technology and/ or other evidence under the law have blood relations, including civil relations with his father’s family’’ provisions of the new norm is still debatable and the pros and cons in the community that have not been finalized. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on: How Construction illegitimate child protection today; factors that affect the construction of the legal protection of a child out of wedlock is not justice at this time. This study used a qualitative approach with sosiolegal research. Factors that affect the protection of children out of wedlock is not justice due to several factors: -First; Factors Differing perceptions Ulama’ and Judges of children out of wedlock and protection against him; Factors Court decision is very diverse/ varied against illegitimate child protection issues; Factors diversity of perceptions on Registration of Population Administration in Indonesia. Then the provisions of the Marriage Law Article 43 paragraph (1)which has judicial review by the Constitutional Court Decision No. 046/PUU-VIII/2010 and Article 100 of the Compilation of Islamic Law must be reconstructed with the editor of a new article as follows: “a child born out of wedlock has relations civil with her mother and her mother’s family as well as with men as a father who can be proved by science and technology and/ or other evidence under the law have blood relation to the determination/ instruction judge and the Court’s decision, the Muslim Religious Court andbesides Islam in the District Court, including a civil relationship with his family “and there should be an affirmation form of additional chapters in the Marriage Law Article 43 with the editorial article as follows; “If it turns out according to a court ruling that the children who sought their origin was proven seedlings men and women and was born in/ from the marriage valid, then the child becomes legitimate child and have a relationship of civil full and relationships biological children with both parents and get inheritance rights.

scholarly journals Legal Protection of Women Forced to Married In Islamic Law and Human Rights Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Anwar Hafidzi ◽  
Rina Septiani
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study aims to determine the legal protection of women who are forced to marry according to Islamic law and human rights. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a normative legal approach, namely by analyzing the problem through data from the legal literature. The results of the research found that the marriage law in Indonesia does not recognize the right to consent, on the contrary, the law requires the consent of both parties to enter into a marriage with pleasure without coercion. This is based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights and Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974. Once the reinterpretation of the right to ijbar is considered objective because this concept is based on the form of protection and responsibility in choosing one's life partner.  

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum TerhadapAnak Dalam Keluarga Poligami: Pespektif Hukum Positif Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Kasmawati Saleh ◽  
Hambali Thalib ◽  
Ma'ruf Hafidz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Polygamous Marriage ◽  
The Right

Penelitian bertujuan untuk untuk mendeskripsikan kedudukan anak dalam perkawinan poligami, dan untuk mendeskripsikan perlindungan hukum hak anak dalam keluarga poligami. Tipe penelitian ini adalah normatif, Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan dan dan pendekata konseptual, kemudian dilakukan analisis deskripsi, argumentasi, interpretasi dan sistematisasi. Hasil Penelitian penulis mendapatkan bahwa: Kedudukan anak dalam perkawinan poligami berdasarkan hukum islam adalah melekatnya hak radla yakni hak anak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan, hak hadlanah yakni hak anak untuk diasuh serta didik sejak bayi, hak walayah yakni hak perwakilan yang diberikan sampai anak tumbuh dewasa balig, hak nafkah yakni hak berhubungan langsung dengan kedua orangtua (nasab). Sedangkan menurut undang-undang perkawinan adalah kedua orang tua wajib memelihara dan mendidik anak-anak mereka sebaik-baiknya, kawajiban yang dimaksud disini, berlaku sampai anak itu kawin atau dapat berdiri sendiri. Didalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia pemberian perlindungan hak anak dalam izin poligami belum diatur secara khusus, namun ada beberapa pasal yang terkait dengan perlindungan hak anak dalam izin poligami diantaranya, Pasal 55 Ayat 2 sampai Ayat 3 Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan Pasal 4 dan 5 dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 10 Tahun 1983 juga membahas mengenai poligami. The study aims to: describe the position of a child in a polygamous marriage, and to describe the legal protection of children in polygamous families. This type of research is a normative approach used in this study is the approach of legislation and and pendekata conceptual, then analysis the description, argumentation, interpretation and systematization. Results The study authors found that: The position of the child in a polygamous marriage under the laws of Islam are sticking right radla the child's right to get the service, right hadlanah the rights of children to be raised as well as students from infancy, the right Walayah the rights of representation granted until the child grows up puberty, rights or the right living in direct contact with both parents (nasab). Meanwhile, according to marriage law is both parents are obliged to maintain and educate their children as well as possible, our obligations in question here, valid until the child is married or can stand alone. In Regulation Legislation in Indonesia providing protection of children's rights in the permission for polygamy is not specifically regulated, but there are several articles related to the protection of children's rights in the permission for polygamy among others, Article 55 Paragraph 2 to Article 3 Compilation of Islamic Law. Act No. 1 of 1974 on the marriage of Articles 4 and 5 and Government Regulation No. 10 of 1983 also talked about polygamy.

scholarly journals Perkawinan Beda Agama dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Made Widya Sekarbuana ◽  
Ida Ayu Putu Widiawati ◽  
I Wayan Arthanaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Marriage Customs ◽  
The Government

Presence of law number 1 Year 1974 about marriage can not provide legal protection as a whole in every marriage phenomenon, particularly in marriage different religions in Indonesia. Marriage law legitimately based on religion, but on human rights as privileges asserted freedom and marriage customs, embraced religion as a fundamental right that cannot be intervened by anyone. Problems of research 1) How marriage settings different religions in Indonesia? 2) How different religious marriage is a logical consequence of human rights perspective? This research is normative method, legal research with the study of the library of primary and secondary legal materials. Based on the findings of the research: 1) the Act of marriage has not provided certainty for couples who make marriage difference religion, there’s still a void marriage norms about different religions and conflict norms regarding legitimately marriage. 2) Different religious marriage discriminatory, religion is fundamental right that has been reserved and disinterfacking, the phenomenon raises consequences for one party with bowed themselves follow the religion of her partner. The Government expected to conduct observations regarding the effectiveness of the rules marriage and harmonization in Indonesia was not going empty, blurred or conflict of norms.

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