scholarly journals Disruption of childhood vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Narra J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marhami Fahriani ◽  
Samsul Anwar ◽  
Amanda Yufika ◽  
Bakhtiar Bakhtiar ◽  
Elly Wardani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Government

The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of childhood vaccination disruption and to determine the predictors of delaying childhood vaccinations during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among Indonesian parents. We conducted a nationwide, online, cross-sectional study. A set of questionnaires assessed the disruption of childhood vaccinations and possible explanatory variables, including demographic characteristics, current underlying disease, exposure to and confidence in COVID-19 information, perceived risk, attitude and practice on vaccination, and COVID-19 prevention practice. A multivariable linear regression was used to characterize the relationship between explanatory variables and delayed childhood vaccination. We included 1137 respondents for analysis, of which 52.6% were males and 58.4% participants aged between 31 and 50-years old. Disruption of childhood vaccination service in local health facilities was reported in 42.2% (480/1137) of respondents and 13.3% (193/1137) of respondents explained that their children could not be vaccinated because a healthcare facility temporary stopped the vaccination service. Of all respondents, 312 (27.4%) delayed vaccinating their children for a compulsory vaccination shot. Factors associated with higher odds of delaying compulsory vaccinations for children were employment and chronic disease status, flu vaccination status in the past year, and prior COVID-19 infection. In conclusion, there was a significant disruption of childhood vaccination practices in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is not only due to healthcare closures but also due to parents’ practice - delaying the compulsory childhood vaccination for their children. We urge the government to strengthen strategies to ensure childhood vaccination services are available to all children in the country during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Perception and attitude of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia with regard to Covid-19 pandemic and potential associated predictors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Abolfotouh ◽  
Adel F. Almutairi ◽  
Ala'a A. BaniMustafa ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background . Healthcare workers (HCWs) face considerable mental and physical stress caring for patients with Covid-19. They are at higher risk of acquiring and transmitting this virus. Perception and attitude of HCWs in Saudi Arabia regarding Covid-19 were evaluated in comparison with MERS outbreak. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, HCWs at three tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia were surveyed via email, by a concern scale about Covid-19 pandemic during 15-30 April, 2020. Concerns of disease severity, governmental efforts to contain it and disease outcomes were assessed using 32 concern-statements in five distinct domains. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify predictors of high concern scores. Results. A total of 844 HCW responded to the survey. Their average age was 40.4±9.5 years, 40.3% were nurses, 58.2% had direct patient contact, and 77.3% were living with family members and/or others. The majority of participants (72.1%) had an overall concern score of 55 or less out of a maximum score of 96 points. Three-fourth of respondents felt at risk of contracting Covid-19 infection at work, 69.1% felt threatened if a colleague contracted Covid-19, 69.9% felt obliged to care for patients infected with Covid-19 while 27.7% did not feel safe at work using the standard precautions. Nearly all HCWs believed that the government should isolate patients with Covid-19 in specialized hospitals (92.9%), agreed with travel restriction to/from areas affected by Covid-19 (94.7%) and felt safe government implemented curfew and movement restriction periods (93.6%). Predictors of high concern scores were; HCWs of Saudi nationality (p<0.001), younger age (p=0.003), undergraduate education (p=0.044), living with others (p=0.003) working in the western region (p=0.003) and direct contact with patients (p=0.018). In comparison with MERS outbreak, HCWs reported significantly higher mean scores about Covid-19 pandemic for overall concern (45.9 versus 40.3, p<0.001). Conclusions. The current study highlights the high concern among HCWs about Covid-19 and identifies the predictors of those with highest concern levels. To minimize the potential negative impact of those concerns on the performance of HCWs during pandemics, measures are necessary to enhance their protection and to minimize the psychological effect of the perceived risk of infection.

scholarly journals Awareness, perceived risk and protective behaviours of Myanmar adults on COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyaw S. Mya ◽  
Aye S. M. ◽  
Win A. Hlaing ◽  
Su S. Hlaing ◽  
Thida Aung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Local Health Authority ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Behaviours

Background: COVID-19 was originated from Wuhan city, China in December 2019 and spread very fast to all over the world. This study was carried out to assess the awareness, perceived risk and protective behaviours of Myanmar adults on COVID-19.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted using face to face interview method among 597 adults from Yangon and Bago regions. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to determine the factors influencing on practicing protective behaviours and the results were described by adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Almost all, 584 (98%) of 597 respondents, have heard about COVID-19. Among those 584 respondents, 87% had low knowledge level. Risk perception level towards COVID-19 was moderate to high. Regarding perception to information in social media, about 36% of the respondents agreed on sharing news from social media without verifying the sources. Only 22% reported good protective behaviours. Multivariable analysis revealed that knowledge score (aOR=1.19, 95% CI- 1.08-1.30) was significantly and positively influenced the protective behaviours. The odds of protective behaviour of participants from Ayeyarwaddy (aOR=0.41, 95% CI- 0.19-0.91) and other states and regions (aOR=0.49, 95% CI- 0.24-0.99) were significantly less than those of participants from Yangon.Conclusions: The study concluded that community has no enough knowledge and inadequate protective behaviours to prevent COVID-19. The awareness raising activities and mass media health education should urgently be conducted focusing on hand washing, cough etiquette, social distancing behaviours and responsibility to inform suspected cases to local health authority to prevent COVID-19. Further research using nationally represented sample are warranted.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Violence during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Ghimire ◽  
Sajan Acharya ◽  
Carmina Shrestha ◽  
Prabhat KC ◽  
Swarndeep Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Introduction: The government issued a country-wide lockdown in Nepal as a measure to curb the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in various difficult experiences which includes financial loss, separation from loved ones, grief, uncertainty over disease status and loss of freedom. During these stressful situations, interpersonal violence is likely to be aggravated. To avoid the occurrence of adverse events such as impulsive acts, homicide, or suicide, it is important to identify high-risk individuals. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, online survey by convenience sampling. The prevalence of different types of interpersonal violence with socio-demographic factors, substance use, and overall mental wellbeing was assessed by using descriptive statistical tests. Results: Out of total 556 participants included in the analysis, 50.9% (283) were male and 48.7% (271) were female. There were 100 (18.0%) participants who reported being a victim of interpersonal violence and 101 (18.2%) participants who reported being a perpetrator during the lockdown. The victims of violence were more likely to be living with their spouse alone. The victims and perpetrators were also more likely to have increased alcohol and tobacco use. More number of victims and perpetrators had lower mental wellbeing scores on the WHO wellbeing index. Conclusions: There was prevalence of interpersonal violence during the COVID-19 lockdown. In addition to the fear regarding pandemic, victims have to face domestic violence placing them at a double injustice. Identification of vulnerable groups and proper management of survivors must be prioritized given the unanimous consensus on the rise of interpersonal violence during periods of heightened stress.

scholarly journals Perception and attitude of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia with regard to Covid-19 pandemic and potential associated predictors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Abolfotouh ◽  
Adel F. Almutairi ◽  
Ala'a A. BaniMustafa ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) face considerable mental and physical stress caring for patients with Covid-19. They are at higher risk of acquiring and transmitting this virus. This study aims to assess perception and attitude of HCWs in Saudi Arabia with regard to Covid-19, and to identify potential associated predictors. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, HCWs at three tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia were surveyed via email with an anonymous link, by a concern scale about Covid-19 pandemic during 15-30 April, 2020. Concerns of disease severity, governmental efforts to contain it and disease outcomes were assessed using 32 concern statements in five distinct domains. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors of high concern scores. Results. A total of 844 HCW responded to the survey. Their average age was 40.4±9.5 years, 40.3% were nurses, 58.2% had direct patient contact, and 77.3% were living with others. The majority of participants (72.1%) had overall concern scores of 55 or less out of a maximum score of 96 points, with an overall mean score of 48.5±12.8 reflecting moderate level of concern. Three-fourth of respondents felt at risk of contracting Covid-19 infection at work, 69.1% felt threatened if a colleague contracted Covid-19, 69.9% felt obliged to care for patients infected with Covid-19 while 27.7% did not feel safe at work using the standard precautions available. Nearly all HCWs believed that the government should isolate patients with Covid-19 in specialized hospitals (92.9%), agreed with travel restriction to and/or from areas affected by Covid-19 (94.7%) and felt safe the government implemented curfew and movement restriction periods (93.6%). Predictors of high concern scores were; HCWs of Saudi nationality (p<0.001), younger age (p=0.003), undergraduate education (p=0.044), living with others (p=0.003) working in the western region (p=0.003) and direct contact with patients (p=0.018). Conclusions. This study highlights the high concern among HCWs about Covid-19 and identifies the predictors of those with highest concern levels. To minimize the potential negative impact of those concerns on the performance of HCWs during pandemics, measures are necessary to enhance their protection and to minimize the psychological effect of the perceived risk of infection.

scholarly journals Public responses to the Salisbury Novichok incident: a cross-sectional survey of anxiety, anger, uncertainty, perceived risk and avoidance behaviour in the local community

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e036071
Author(s):  
G James Rubin ◽  
Rebecca Webster ◽  
Richard Amlot ◽  
Holly Carter ◽  
Dale Weston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Recovery Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Rule Out

ObjectivesMalicious incidents involving chemical agents sometimes trigger high public concern. We aimed to (1) identify levels of emotion, perceived risk and behaviour change with regard to visiting Salisbury, 1 month after three people were poisoned with a nerve agent; and (2) test whether factors including receipt of information, beliefs about personal exposure and trust in government were associated with these outcomes.DesignA cross-sectional telephone survey of a random sample of Salisbury residents.SettingConducted between 5 and 13 April 2018.Participants500 residents aged 18 or over.Outcome measuresSelf-reported anxiety, anger, uncertainty, perceived risk to self and avoidance of Salisbury.ResultsAny degree of anxiety, anger and uncertainty was reported by 40.6%, 29.8% and 30.6% of participants, respectively. For the majority, the level of emotion reported was mild. Only 7.0% met the criteria for high anxiety and 5.2% reported feeling any risk to their health, whereas 18.6% reported avoiding Salisbury. Factors associated with avoidance of Salisbury included being female, unable to rule out exposure for oneself or of loved ones, believing the incident was targeted against the general public, and lower trust in the government and responding agencies. Hearing a lot or a little about the recovery support (eg, financial packages), as opposed to nothing at all, and being satisfied with this information were associated with reduced avoidance.ConclusionsAlthough the March 2018 Salisbury incident had a relatively modest impact on emotion and risk perception in the community, the number who reported avoiding the city was notable. In this, and in future incidents, assuring people that contamination resulted from a targeted, rather than indiscriminate, incident; demonstrating that contamination is contained within specific areas; improving communication about any financial support; and promoting trust in responding agencies should help provide additional reassurance to the community.

scholarly journals Willingness to Participate and Associated Factors in a Zika Vaccine Trial in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harapan Harapan ◽  
Mudatsir Mudatsir ◽  
Amanda Yufika ◽  
Yusuf Nawawi ◽  
Nur Wahyuniati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Impact

One of the crucial steps during trials for Zika and other vaccines is to recruit participants and to understand how participants’ attitudes and sociodemographic characteristics affect willingness to participate (WTP). This study was conducted to assess WTP, its explanatory variables, and the impact of financial compensation on WTP in Indonesia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in eleven regencies in the Aceh and West Sumatra provinces of Indonesia. Participants were recruited via a convenience sampling method and were interviewed. The associations between explanatory variables and WTP were assessed using a two-step logistic regression analysis. A total of 1,102 parents were approached, and of these 956 (86.8%) completed the interview and were included in analysis. Of those, 144 (15.1%) were willing to participate in a Zika vaccine trial without a financial compensation. In the multivariate analysis, WTP was tied to an age of more than 50 years old, compared to 20–29 years (odds ratio (OR): 5.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37–10.53), to being female (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.11–4.37), and to having heard about Zika (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.59–3.65). Participants’ WTP increased gradually with higher financial compensation. The rate of WTP increased to 62.3% at the highest offer (US$ 350.4), and those who were still unwilling to participate (37.7%) had a poorer attitude towards childhood vaccination. This study highlights that pre-existing knowledge about Zika and attitudes towards childhood vaccination are important in determining community members being willing to participate in a vaccine trial. Financial incentives are still an important factor to enhance participant recruitment during a vaccine trial.

scholarly journals Awareness and attitudes of mothers towards new vaccines in the childhood vaccination programme in delhi state: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3859
Author(s):  
Reema Mukherjee ◽  
Manisha Arora ◽  
Atul Kotwal ◽  
Poonam Hooda
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Newer Vaccines ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Vaccines

Background: With the introduction of newer antigens in the childhood immunization programme in several states, the nationwide UIP is eventually going to be further expanded to increase the number of diseases against which children will be protected through the vaccination programme. However, despite the best intentions of the government, a poor awareness of the new vaccines among the caregivers may defeat this purpose and only result in poor coverage and poor uptake. This study was carried out to assess the awareness of mothers regarding the new vaccines introduced in the childhood vaccination programme in Delhi State. Methods: The study was conducted in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital of Delhi. A total sample of 388 mothers was interviewed. The data was analyzed using SPSS ver 20. Results: Only 18.3% (95% CI, 14.76-22.46) of the participants were aware that newer vaccines have been introduced into the programme. 48.2% (95% CI 43.27- 53.16) of the respondents were unaware about the same, while 33.5% (95% CI, 28.99-38.35) claimed to have heard about it but were not sure whether newer vaccines had been introduced. It was observed that as the education status of mothers improved, their awareness regarding newer vaccines in the programme also increased. The knowledge regarding age of administration, number of doses etc. was very poor. However multiple pricks during a single vaccination visit was not a disincentive for the mother to get the child vaccinated. The willingness to buy a vaccine that was not available free of cost from the hospital, increased with increasing education level of the mother. Conclusions: There is a requirement of focused publicity campaigns to increase the awareness and thereby uptake of the new vaccines among caregivers. 

scholarly journals Analysis of Human Resources Performance Evaluation Instrument at X Health Centre in Malang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Nur Putri Pratiwi ◽  
Sendhi Tristanti Puspitasari ◽  
Roesdiyanto .
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Evaluation Instruments ◽  
The Government

X Health Centre is one of the health centres located in the Sukun sub-district of Malang, with a working area covering four villages. As a healthcare facility, X Health Centre is expected to continuously improve the quality of its services and performance. However, over a period of three years, from 2016 to 2018, the performance and the level of community satisfaction of X Health Centre has downgraded. The overall performance of the health centre depends on the total value of its employee performance. The employee performance can be determined by evaluating individual performance using performance evaluation instruments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyse the instrument for evaluating the performance of the employees of X Health Centre in Malang. This qualitative descriptive study used a case study design and a cross-sectional approach. The samples in this study were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Based on the results of the study, it was observed that the instrument for evaluating the performance of the employees of X Health Centre does not meet the requirements stated in the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2019 about the Performance Evaluation of Civil Servants. Keywords: health centre, employee performance evaluation, employee performance evaluation instruments

scholarly journals Year 10 and 12 school students' opinions on returning to partial schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic: an action research prospective survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya Ffion Semple ◽  
Deborah Mayne-Semple
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
The Government ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

ObjectiveEducational provision changed during the lockdown period of the COVID-19 outbreak in the UK (20th March to 31st May 2020) with schooling moving online. The Prime Minister announced a timetable for partial reopening of school on 10th May. With the return to partial schooling imminent, the views of year 10 and year 12 students were surveyed.Design Cross-sectional web-based survey disseminated via closed social media fora.Setting A structured questionnaire hosted on Google Forms™ and disseminated via two Facebook™ fora in the week prior to the original stated date of return to partial schooling for year 10 and year 12 students (20th to 27th May 2020).Participants United Kingdom school students in year 10 (age 14 to 15 years old) and year 12 (age 16 to 17 years old).Main outcome measures Views of year 10 and year 12 students on returning to schools with a focus on their opinions on government guidance, impact on their future, and how remote learning has impacted on their education.Results 1534 students (yr10 n= 1007 66%, yr12 n=527 34%) completed the questionnaire.Students were equally divided in opinion with 781 (51%) preferring to return to partial schooling with limited educational contact and 753 (49%) preferring to remain isolated at home with remote schooling, when an unsure option was removed.A majority (73%, n=1111) of students feel unsafe or unsure that Government guidelines will be enough to protect them from COVID-19 in a school environment. 79% (n=1205) of students felt that COVID-19 has impacted on their future. 15% (n=231) of students said they have had no additional support or guidance from their school during remote learning.ConclusionsYear 10 and 12 school students were divided equally in their preferences about returning to partial school. Exploration of their uncertainty by thematic analysis revealed the source to be anxieties around safety. Students feel they are being put at risk and because guidelines will be impossible to enforce in a school environment. Some students recognised a need to return to education despite this perceived risk. An inequity in the standard of education was identified with 15% (n=231) of students reporting that they did not receive any support during the 87 days of lock down. School students expressed desire that their concerns be heard by the Government. Better consideration needs to be taken of the concerns of these year groups in the future.

scholarly journals Perception and attitude of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia with regard to Covid-19 pandemic and potential associated predictors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Abolfotouh ◽  
Adel F. Almutairi ◽  
Ala'a A. BaniMustafa ◽  
Mohamed A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background. Healthcare workers (HCWs) face considerable mental and physical stress caring for patients with Covid-19. They are at higher risk of acquiring and transmitting this virus. This study aims to assess perception and attitude of HCWs in Saudi Arabia with regard to Covid-19, and to identify potential associated predictors. Methods. In a cross-sectional study, HCWs at three tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia were surveyed via email with an anonymous link, by a concern scale about Covid-19 pandemic during 15-30 April, 2020. Concerns of disease severity, governmental efforts to contain it and disease outcomes were assessed using 32 concern statements in five distinct domains. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors of high concern scores. Results. A total of 844 HCW responded to the survey. Their average age was 40.4±9.5 years, 40.3% were nurses, 58.2% had direct patient contact, and 77.3% were living with others. The majority of participants (72.1%) had overall concern scores of 55 or less out of a maximum score of 96 points, with an overall mean score of 48.5±12.8 reflecting moderate level of concern. Three-fourth of respondents felt at risk of contracting Covid-19 infection at work, 69.1% felt threatened if a colleague contracted Covid-19, 69.9% felt obliged to care for patients infected with Covid-19 while 27.7% did not feel safe at work using the standard precautions available. Nearly all HCWs believed that the government should isolate patients with Covid-19 in specialized hospitals (92.9%), agreed with travel restriction to and/or from areas affected by Covid-19 (94.7%) and felt safe the government implemented curfew and movement restriction periods (93.6%). Predictors of high concern scores were; HCWs of Saudi nationality (p<0.001), younger age (p=0.003), undergraduate education (p=0.044), living with others (p=0.003) working in the western region (p=0.003) and direct contact with patients (p=0.018). Conclusions. This study highlights the high concern among HCWs about Covid-19 and identifies the predictors of those with highest concern levels. To minimize the potential negative impact of those concerns on the performance of HCWs during pandemics, measures are necessary to enhance their protection and to minimize the psychological effect of the perceived risk of infection.

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