scholarly journals MUKHAMMAS GENRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ITS EVOLUTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Sirojiddin Kholmakhmatovich Khujaqulov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Classical Literature ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Critical Aspects

Introduction. The article discusses the evolution of the mukhammas genre in the national enlightenment and jadid literature, the principles of evolution of this genre, the place of the general literary process in the system of literary genres, its new principles, theme and ideological content, examples of works of jadid and enlightened poets. Traditional and innovative features in comparative typological monograph, analytical-comparative, descriptive and critical aspects are analyzed. Methods. During this period, it is possible to observe literary processes and trends in the form of paradoxical models of poetic norms of classical literature, based on realistic elements in the expression of reality, critical of reality, descriptive and lyrical literature. Analytical and critical motives ensured the emergence of new style works in prose, as found in poetic genres.

THE UNITY OFTHEME AND IDEA IN FURQAT'S WORK

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Latofat Tajibayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Social Consciousness ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Xix Century

This article discusses the importance of Furkat's work in the semantic renewal of classical literature. Furkat's work, which played a special role in the development of enlightenment literature, has a strong place in the history of culture in the second half of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century. Critical thinking prevailed in the poet's lyrics, which glorified universal ideas. The expression of social consciousness in an objective and truthful way, the stabilization of realistic principles, begins with Furkat's poetry.

Wang Guowei and the Establishment of Chinese Drama in the Modern Canon of Classical Literature

T oung Pao ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-201
Author(s):  
Regina Llamas
Keyword(s):  
Yuan Dynasty ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Critical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Yuan Dynasty ◽  
Universal Standard

AbstractThis essay examines the process by which Wang Guowei placed Chinese dramatic history into the modern Chinese literary canon. It explores how Wang formed his ideas on literature, drawing on Western aesthetics to explain, through the notions of leisure and play, the impetus for art creation, and on the Chinese notions of the genesis of literature to explain the psychology of literary creation. In order to establish the literary value of Chinese drama, Wang applied these ideas to the first playwrights of the Yuan dynasty, arguing that theirs was a literature created under the right aesthetic and creative circumstances, and that it embodied the value of "naturalness" which he considered a universal standard for good literature. By producing a scholarly critical history of the origins and nature of Chinese drama, Wang placed drama on a par with other literary genres of past dynasties, thus giving it a renewed status and creating at the same time a new discipline of research. Drama had now become an established literary genre.

scholarly journals The image of the hero-entrepreneur in Russian classical literature as a pledge of socially responsible principles of modern Russian entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Н.А. Чистякова
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Status ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

В последнее десятилетие резко изменилось отношение российской общественности к предпринимательству с негативного на нейтральное и даже позитивное. Для подтверждения предположения об изменении эмоционального статуса понятия «предпринимательство» автором был произведен соцопрос. Поскольку предположение об изменении статуса понятия «предпринимательство» подтвердилось, автор посредством историко-культурного анализа постарался объяснить причину изменения стереотипа. Акцент был сделан на роль произведений русской классической литературы в формировании общественного сознания. Кроме того, автор конкретизировал отраженный в классической литературе идеал русского предпринимателя. Конкретно, в статье проанализирован образ предпринимателя в русской классической литературе XIX века: разобраны литературные типы работников финансовой сферы, найдены положительные примеры, выявлены социально ответственные принципы подхода к делу. Для обеспечения большей объективности для анализа привлечены как эпические, так и драматические произведения. Автор выясняет, как в русской классической литературе отражаются проблемы личности предпринимателя, актуальные в настоящее время. В статье произведен сравнительный анализ «кодексов чести» предпринимателя – источников XIX и XXI века, – в которых раскрывается тема чести русского финансиста, его морального облика. В исследовании утверждается преемственность традиций в сфере предпринимательства, сформированных основной частью населения страны, жившего по законам Российской Империи, кроме того, обосновывается содержательная связь художественных и документальных источников и доказывается необходимость создания образа современного коммерсанта на основе принципов, отраженных в отечественной классике. In the last decade, the attitude of the Russian public towards entrepreneurship has changed dramatically from negative to neutral and even positive. To confirm the assumption about the change in the emotional status of the concept of «entrepreneurship», the author conducted a social survey. Since the assumption about the change in the status of the concept of «entrepreneurship» was confirmed, the author tried to explain the reason for the change in the stereotype through historical and cultural analysis. The emphasis was placed on the role of works of Russian classical literature in the formation of public consciousness. In addition, the author concretized the ideal of the Russian entrepreneur reflected in the classical literature. Specifically, the article analyzes the image of the entrepreneur in the Russian classical literature of the XIX century: the literary types of financial workers are analyzed, positive examples are found, and socially responsible principles of the approach to business are identified. To ensure greater objectivity, both epic and dramatic works are used for analysis. The author finds out how the Russian classical literature reflects the problems of the entrepreneur's personality that are currently relevant. The article presents a comparative analysis of the «codes of honor» of the entrepreneur-sources of the XIX and XXI centuries-which reveal the theme of the honor of the Russian financier, his moral image. The study confirms the continuity of traditions in the field of entrepreneurship, formed by the main part of the country's population, who lived according to the laws of the Russian Empire, in addition, substantiates the meaningful connection of artistic and documentary sources and proves the need to create an image of a modern merchant based on the principles reflected in the Russian classics.

scholarly journals Typology of themes of the legends about icons

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
M.A. Komova
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Local History ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Russian Orthodoxy ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

Material research are regional literary-local-history works of XVIII - XIX centuries in the Central region of Russia (Dmitrovsvsky district) in which stories, tales and legends about locally venerated Christian wonderworking icons and their lists. The relevance of the research is determined by increased interest in the history of the Russian Orthodoxy and the phenomenon of spiritual literary tradition in general. The study based on literary material of regional studies of XIX century in the Central region of Russia (Dmitrovsvsky district) about locally venerated relics allow to create a model of their origin and functioning and it give an opportunity to broaden our views on the regional literary text and spiritual context, and also to deepen philological knowledge of literary process of XVIII – XIX centuries.

scholarly journals CRЕATIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE FОLKLОRE PHYTONYM "PERECOTYPOLE" IN THE UKRАINIAN LІTERATURE OF THE XIX CЕNTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Irina Terekhova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Romantic Literature ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Folk Tale ◽  
Steppe Plant ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language

Thе relevance of this scientific statistic will begin before we start, as the Ukrainian literature of the 19th century will require more detailed reassessment. We are very important in the development of folklore warehouse, some of the folklore itself has become an unacceptable dzherel for the establishment of the actualization of artistic themes and images that were given to the dobies. Folklorе images were found in the folk culture and integrated in the creative palette of Ukrainian writing. After the hour of writing robots, a hermeneutic, descriptive, systemic and systematic method of reading has been obtained. This аrticle is devoted to the problem of creative interpretation of the folk phytonym "perekotypole" on the basis of works of Ukrainian literature of the XIX century, in particular the article considers the ballad "Pokotypole" by A. Metlinsky, the Russian-language story nun "and the poem" We are so similar in autumn "by T. Shevchenko, L. Glibov's fable" Perekotypole ". Allusions to European romantic literature have also been identified in the study of the creative interpretation of the folklore image of the perekotypol. In the cоurse of research it is proved that the folk tale about perekotypole is consonant with F. Schiller's ballad "Ivik's cranes". Both works show that both the steppe plant and the cranes in the sky can be silent witnesses to the ruthless violent death of a person, and in the end they help solve the murder and help punish the thief. Among all the works analyzed in the article, it is worth noting the Russian-language story "Perekatypole" by G. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, which at one time was not republished at all and was removed from the list of the author's academic publication. Thе study highlights the levels of transformation of the folk image of the perekotypol in various literary genres of Ukrainian literature of the XIX century: direct, secondary, indirect. The emotional and semantic load of the folk phytonym "perekotypole" in the artistic texts of the mentioned period is also determined. This image in the structure of the lіterary text serves as a silent witness to the murder (folk tales about Perekotypole, the bаllad "Pokotypole" by A. Metlinsky, "Perekotypole" by G. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko), symbolizes the state of loneliness, orphan destiny (poetry of T. Shevchenko), еmbodies the image of barrenness and alienation (L. Glшbov's fable "Perekotipole"). The study is promising in terms of further study of Ukrainian literature of the nineteenth century, its links with folklore, as well as with the European literature of Romanticism.

scholarly journals OUT OF TIME CHARACTERS IN LITERARY WORKS OF 1859: “FAMILY HAPPINESS” BY LEV TOLSTOY, “OBLOMOV” BY IVAN GONCHAROV, “A HOUSE OF GENTLEFOLK” BY IVAN TURGENEV

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-869
Author(s):  
G.M. Rebel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Historical Specificity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lev Tolstoy ◽  
Xix Century

The article is a comparative structural, thematic and genre analysis of the works by Lev Tolstoy, Ivan Turgenev and Ivan Goncharov. The study had the following objectives: to give the genre definitions of “Family Happiness”, “Oblomov” and “A House of Gentlefolk” on the basis of structural, ideological and thematic features of the works; to compare the novels of Turgenev and Goncharov as different genre modifications; to justify the ideological character of the novel “A House of Gentlefolk”; to analyze the ideological controversy of the characters of Turgenev’s novel. As a result, the following conclusions were made. Tolstoy's “Family Happiness:, which is traditionally identified as a novel, in this case should be qualified as a novella: it has the predominant point of view which belongs to the narrator; the subject of the description are the episodes of private life presented outside of the socio-historical context of the era. Goncharov's “Oblomov” and Turgenev's “A House of Gentlefolk” present a multi-faceted, epically voluminous, large-scale picture of reality in two fundamentally different versions of the genre novel modifications. Despite the fact that in both novels the main characters are out of time, both works recreate the pre-reform atmosphere of the late 1850s, but perform it in fundamentally different ways. A mythologically-generalized, elegiac image of the past serfdom of Russia is presented in “Oblomov”. In “A House of Gentlefolk” the socio-historical specificity appears in close connection with real historical events, the lyrical beginning is organically combined with the polemical acuteness of the problem. The plot and the destinies of the characters in Turgenev's novel are determined by the ideological controversy, in which not only the main but also the secondary characters are subjectively or objectively involved, which ultimately determines the ideological character of the work. The proposed genre differentiation of the works of the three leading writers of the era allows us to give a dynamic cross-section of the literary process of the second half of the XIX century in the defining 1859 year of this period.

scholarly journals RIVER IN THE WORKS BY M. F. ISTOMIN: ON THE PROBLEM OF MODELING THE IMAGE OF THE NORTH IN THE WORKS OF KOMI WRITERS OF THE XIX CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-662
Author(s):  
Valentina Aleksandrovna Limerova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literary Portrait ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Literature Material ◽  
Made In

The works of Mikhail Fedorovich Istomin (1821-1862) are part of the unexplored and, until recently, not included in the history of Komi literature material - essays created by Komi writers of the XIX century in Russian language. Meanwhile, the work of M. Istomin is very representative both in terms of the formation of General regional characteristic of all the literature of the North, and the ways of familiarizing Komi intelligentsia to literary work. The analysis of works of M. Istomin made in this work, allows to judge about actual for the writer-“foreigner” of the XIX century connection to all-regional and all-Russian literary process, and also about a problem of creation of a native literary portrait for different people of the North. The description of the territory, its geographical and climatic features, the creation of descriptions of places was chosen by the writer as a priority, the most important task of creativity. This allows him to embody fragments of the Northern world through the focus of view of autochthon, to identify and record the most important, especially important for the northerner, locations and objects of environment. The writer paid special attention to the rivers as the most important geographical and natural attractions of the region. In essence, the North in the essays of M. Istomin takes the form of world saturated with many waters. The writer is far from symbolizing natural objects, does not endow their images with figurative meanings, at the same time, many descriptions of different rivers in his essays indicate the movement of regional and Komi literature by the way of creation its own concept of the North as a natural environment-centered world.

Meeting of East and West. Interaction of Literatures and Traditions

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Far East ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
East And West ◽  
Definition Of

The collective work included articles covering a wide range of issues, but united by one problem: the study of cultural transfer in the works of art in the countries of the East and West, where the East means a region that includes the countries of Africa, the Middle East, Far East and Southeast Asia, and The whole of Europe is included in the West, including Russia. Such a wide geographical scope is determined by the desire to study the mutual influences and ideological image of the phenomena of European, Russian and Oriental literature and cultures; the authors of the articles examine the transformation of the ideological and aesthetic views of European writers in the course of their perception by Eastern writers; analyze the mechanism of adaptation of the phenomena of foreign cultures by Europeans. It is important to study the mechanism for changing the Eurocentric view of the world, the dynamics of the literary process, the definition of the place and role of European literature in the complex process of interaction between the traditional and innovative views of progressive writers who were at the source of the contemporary literature of Eastern countries, including the African continent. The authors of the articles of collective work set as their task the study of the degree of mutual penetration of traditional views and literary and aesthetic concepts of European writers, which gave rise to new literary genres both in the East, and in Russia and Europe. Another task is to understand the internal mechanisms that led to the new status of the eastern region in the global space, the understanding of processes in public and literary thought in these countries and the mutual influence of European and non-European literatures and cultures.

TRADITIONS OF ALISHER NAVOI IN THE DEVAN OF SADOI AND GAZI(ON THE EXAMPLE OF GAZELLES ON THE THEMES OF HAMD, NAAT, MUNOJAT AND MANKABAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Nazmiya Mukhitdinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Classical Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
High Level ◽  
Literary Phenomenon

Literary continuity is a unique cultural, high-level literary phenomenon in which the concepts of creative inspiration, imitation and the continuation of great talent are one of the most important features of Eastern classical literature. Regardless of which branch of art is formed in this cultural and literary process, it becomes clear that the main goal is to "renew", learning "from the past" and developing their ideas and artistic abilities. The article examines the issues of tradition and originality of poems by Mirhasan Sadoi and Muhammad Gazi, who grew up in the workshop of Alisher Navoi. The poet's poems analyze the artistic perfection of the Salaf traditions on this topic from an ideological and artistic point of view.Key words: devan, theme, idea, artistic symbol, art, tradition and originality.

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