Utility of Spectroscopic Studies for Quantification of Cefditoren Pivoxil in Commercial Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-417
Author(s):  
Salma Ali Al Tamimi Salma Ali Al Tamimi ◽  
Norah Sultan Abdulaziz Al Motlaq and Fatma Ahmed Aly Norah Sultan Abdulaziz Al Motlaq and Fatma Ahmed Aly
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Absorption Peak ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Acceptance Criteria ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Oxidation Properties

The current study is devoted to suggest new simple spectrophotometric probes for the estimation and quantification of cefditoren pivoxil (CFP) either in authentic or in commercial samples. Three simple kinetic and derivatize sensitive spectrophotometric methods were established. Two kinetic techniques (method A) and (method B) were based on the estimation of CFP using the oxidation properties of alkaline potassium permanganate at ambient temperature and the relation between the reduction in the absorbance of KMnO4 and the added CFP were also investigated. The intensity of absorbance (A) of the colored MnO4- ions were recorded at wavelengths 610 and 525 NM for the two methods, respectively. Method C was based on derivatization of CFP with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate reagent in a basic solution (pH=11) to produce an orange red colored solution exhibited the highest absorption peak (λmax) at 411 nm. The proposed systems displayed linearity over the concentration ranges of 1.0-16.0, 1.0-10.0 and 0.5-7.0 and#181;g mL-1.The suggested systems were validated obeying analytical methodology guidelines and the acceptance criteria for accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity, and robustness were met in all cases.

Colorimetric Determination of Amoxicillin in Pure and some Pharmaceutical Formulations Via Reaction with Potassium Permanganate as Oxidant Reagent

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Shebeeb Al-kadumi ◽  
Sahar Rihan Fadhel ◽  
Mohammed Abdullah Ahmed ◽  
Luma Amer Musa
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Photometric Method ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Label Claim

We proposed two simple, rapid, and convenient spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of Amoxicillin in bulk and its pharmaceutical preparations. They are based on the measurement of the flame atomic emission of potassium ion (in first method) and colorimetric determination of the green colored solution for manganite ion at 610 nm formed after reaction of Amoxicillin with potassium permanganate as oxidant agent (in the second method) in basic medium. The working conditions of the methods were investigated and optimized. Beer's law plot showed a good correlation in the concentration range of 5-45 μg/ml. The detection limits and relative standared deviations were (2.573, 2.814 μg/ml) (2.137, 2.498) for the flame emission photometric method and (1.844, 2.016 μg/ml) (1.645,1.932) for colorimetric methods for capsules and suspensions respectively. The methods were successfully applied to the determination of Amoxicillin in capsules and suspensions, and the obtained results were in good agreement with the label claim. No interference was observed from the commonly encountered additives and expectancies.

scholarly journals Comparative Studied of Degradation of Textile Brilliant Reactive Red Dye Using H2O2, TiO2, UV and Sunlight

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Forqan Mohammed ◽  
Khalid M. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
H2o2 Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Red Dye

In this study sunlight and UV radiation were used to compare the efficiency of decolorization of textile wastewater containing brilliant reactive red dye K-2BP (λmax = 534 nm) by the advanced oxidation process (AOP) using (H2O2/sunlight, H2O2/UV, H2O2/TiO2/sunlight, and H2O2/TiO2/UV). The results studied the effect of solution pH, applied H2O2 concentration, TiO2 concentration (nanoparticle), and initial dye concentration were studied. The experimental results showed that decolorization percentage with H2O2/sunlight and TiO2/H2O2/sunlight under the following conditions: - reaction time 150 of minutes, [ 500 ppm] H2O2, [100 ppm] TiO2, pH=3, initial dye concentration =15 ppm and at ambient temperature were 95.7% and 98.42% respectively. For the same conditions using H2O2/UV, H2O2/TiO2 /UV, the percentage of decolorization were 97.85% and 96.33% respectively. The results also indicated that the sunlight is more economic and cost-effective than UV radiation.

scholarly journals Controlled allylation of polyelectrolytes: a deep insight into chemical aspects and their applicability as building blocks for robust multilayer coatings

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-995
Author(s):  
Thi-Thanh-Tam Nguyen ◽  
Sabrina Belbekhouche ◽  
Rémi Auvergne ◽  
Benjamin Carbonnier ◽  
Daniel Grande
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Electrolytic Properties ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Post Modification

Abstract Polyelectrolytes (PEs) bearing easily derivatizable functions for possible post-modification under mild conditions can find a broad range of applications in various fields. The present paper describes the successful controlled side-chain allylation of two types of PEs: polyamine-based polycations, i.e. poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and branched polyethyleneimine (PEI), and strong polyanions, i.e. poly(sodium vinyl sulfonate) (PVS) and poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS). PSS has been largely investigated in the literature, while PVS is much less commonly explored. The allylation of each type presents its own drawback, i.e. heterogeneous reaction in the case of strong polyanions and instability of partially protonated allylated polyamine products. Nevertheless, all encountered difficulties could be solved and thoroughly elucidated by different experimental tests. This partial allyl-functionalization does not affect the electrolytic properties of the newly allylated PEs, as evidenced by the effective construction of two series of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films, namely PEI-ene (PSS-ene/PAH-ene)4 and PEI-ene (PVS-ene/PAH-ene)4, the latter being one of the rare examples developed in the literature. The presence of allyl groups on the PE side-chains allows for the stabilization of the resulting PEM films via thiol-ene photo-crosslinking in the presence of a water-soluble dithiol crosslinker. In order to fix permanently the resulting crosslinked PEM films on substrates, the covalent crosslinking occurs not only between different C=C bonds on PE layers but also with those present on substrates preliminarily functionalized with allyl groups via sulfur–gold chemistry. The robustness of both resulting crosslinked PEM films under strongly basic solution (pH 14) is validated by Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) measurements. The versatility and effectiveness of the present approach is expected to find potential applications in different scientific and technological fields.

Modification of Natural Clay Surface with Manganese-Oxide for Removal of Cadmium(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Modified

Natural clay (NC) and its surface modified with manganese oxide (MnO-NC) was assessed for removal of Cd (II) ion by batch adsorptive process. The surface modification of NC was chemically prepared with manganese chloride in basic solution by simple procedure, resulting in larger surface area than raw material by about 10-times. FT-IR spectra and SEM photograph showed the unique characteristic of MnO-NC after chemically surface modification with MnO2 particles successfully set down onto the NC surface. Under optimum conditions as a function of solution pH of 6.0, adsorbent dose of 5 g/L, contact time of 15 min and initial cadmium concentration of 100 mg/L, the adsorption capacity reach to 30.6 mg/g. By comparing with NC, MnO-NC provides higher adsorptive capability than the one by about 30-times. Based on isotherm estimation, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm showed more suitable for both adsorbents with the best correlation coefficient (r2>0.99) than the Freundlich isotherm. The adsorptive kinetics of Cd (II) onto NC and MnO-NC followed the pseudo-second-order.

scholarly journals Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination of Nitrate in Plant Tissue

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga C Lastra
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Derivative Spectrum ◽  
Average Standard Deviation ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Abstract A derivative spectrophotometric method was developed to determine NO3– –N in plant tissues. The method is based on measurement of the first-derivative spectrum of nitrosalicylic acid in basic solution. The nitrosalicylic acid was obtained by reaction of samples with salicylic acid in concentrated sulfuric acid and was used by Cataldo et al. in nonderivative spectrophotometry. The main strength of this technique is the lack of matrix background interference, typical of plant extracts in traditional spectrophotometric methods. This method is fast, inexpensive, easy-to-apply, and highly selective. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L N as NO3–. Average recovery in real matrixes (lettuce and spinach) was 102.6%; average standard deviation was 3.3. This method has been applied to leaves of 4 types of lettuce.

Electronic and Raman spectroscopic studies of copper adrenalin complexes and copper induced compounds

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 3815-3823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Rahaman ◽  
Stephen M. Korenkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Ph Values

Electronic and Raman spectra of adrenalin–copper(II) complexes and copper catalyzed compounds have been studied. Adrenalin reacts with copper(II) ion at pH 9.2 and higher to produce a very short lived violet free radical, a brown adrenochrome, a yellow conjugated salt, indolyl-indoquinone, and melanin. Results indicate that copper does not form complexes with adrenalin in basic solution. Between pH 6.5 and 8.5 adrenalin transforms into adrenochrome in presence of copper. The adrenochrome in 1.5 N hydrochloric acid produces the conjugate salt that is produced in the solution of high pH. At low pH values, between pH 4.0 to 5.5, adrenalin forms a brown complex with copper(II). Copper is entirely chelated to the phenolic groups of the amines. The complex in 1.5 N hydrochloric acid produces a black polymeric pigment.

Transient and Cyclic Responses of Strain-Generated Potential in Rabbit Patellar Tendon Are Frequency and pH Dependent

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Chen ◽  
R. P. McCabe ◽  
A. J. Grodzinsky ◽  
R. Vanderby,
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Test System ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Ph Dependency ◽  
Short Session ◽  
Original Potential ◽  
Residual Potential

The goal of this study was to expand understanding of strain-generated potential (SGP) in ligamentous or tendinous tissues. Most SGP studies in the past have focused on cartilage or bone. Herein, rabbit patellar tendon (PT) was used as a model. Each patellar tendon had two Ag/AgCl electrodes inserted at axial positions of 1/4 and 1/2 from patellar to tibial insertions. Each specimen was electrically isolated, gripped in a servohydraulic test system, and then subjected to a short session of uniaxial haversine tension (2.5 percent maximum strain) at a frequency of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 Hz. A cyclic (sinusoidal) electrical potential superimposed upon a larger transient (exponentially asymptotic) potential was consistently observed. Upon termination of loading, the cyclic SGP ended, and the shifted baseline of the SGP exponentially decayed and asymptotically returned to a residual potential which over all specimens was not different than the original potential. The transient and cyclic SGPs were frequency dependent (P<0.001,P=0.06, respectively). To our knowledge, this transient portion of the SGP, although theoretically predicted by Suh (1996, Biorheology, 33, pp. 289–304) and Chen (1996, Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin—Madison) has not been observed in other experiments using different protocols. Additional PTs were dehydrated and the rehydrated in solution at different pH levels. The magnitude of SGPs increased in basic solution (pH 9.5) but diminished in pH 4.7 buffer. This pH dependency suggests that electrokinetics is the dominant mechanism for the transient and cyclic responses of the SGPs, although this study does not provide direct evidence. [S0148-0731(00)00105-9]

scholarly journals Selection of the optimal sterilization schedule for explants of erectoid forms of corn

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Belokur ◽  
◽  
L. O. Ryabovol ◽  
Ya. S. Ryabovol
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Initial Forms ◽  
Infected Material ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the results of studies to optimize the sterilization technique for seedlings of the initial forms of heterotic hybrids of maize when administered in vitro. On the surface of the plant there is a significant number of various microorganisms that can multiply on a nutrient medium. Therefore, sterilization of plant material is one of the most important stages of in vitro propagation technology. The aim of the research was to develop a procedure for sterilizing the apical meristem of maize seedlings when the material is introduced into isolation culture. To solve the problem, the task was to clarify the features of the use of common and new sterilizers and the selection of optimal modes for effective sterilization of seedlings. Seedlings of a number of maize lines and hybrids were used as explants. The purified and washed plant material was placed in cups with 70 % ethyl alcohol for 1–2 min, and then transferred to the basic solution for sterilization. After sterilization, the material was washed 5–8 times in sterile distilled water. Studies have established the features of the use of a number of sterilizers and selected the optimal modes for effective sterilization of seedlings of forms of corn with erectoid placement of leaves. It was found that sodium hypochlorite is characterized by a high toxic effect on living organisms, in high concentrations causes a significant amount of explant necrosis. The duration of treatment of corn seedlings with hydrogen peroxide of 3 % concentration did not affect the sterilization efficiency. The most effective sterilizing substance for the introduction of seedlings in an isolated culture was determined 0.1 % solution of potassium permanganate exposure of 10 minutes, which allows to obtain up to 86 % of viable seedlings. With an increase in the sterilization exposure to 15 and 20 minutes, the yield of sterile explants significantly decreased and amounted to 65 and 48 %, respectively. It was noted that when using potassium permanganate, the amount of infected material was the lowest in the experiment and varied within 0.6–1.8 %.

Analytical Applications of Permanganate as an Oxidant in the Determination of Pharmaceuticals Using Chemiluminescence and Spectrophotometry: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-686
Author(s):  
Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Sequential Injection ◽  
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Analytical Applications ◽  
Injection Techniques ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric

Background: Potassium permanganate is a green and versatile industrial oxidizing agent. Due to its high oxidizing ability, it has received considerable attention and has been extensively used for many years for the synthesis, identification, and determination of inorganic and organic compounds. Objective: Potassium permanganate is one of the most applicable oxidants, which has been applied in a number of processes in several industries. Furthermore, it has been widely used in analytical pharmacy to develop analytical methods for pharmaceutically active compounds using chemiluminescence and spectrophotometric techniques. Results: This review covers the importance of potassium permanganate over other common oxidants used in pharmaceuticals and reported its extensive use and analytical applications using direct, indirect and kinetic spectrophotometric methods in different pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples. Chemiluminescent applications of potassium permanganate in the analyses of pharmaceuticals using flow and sequential injection techniques are also discussed. Conclusion: This review summarizes the extensive use of potassium permanganate as a chromogenic and chemiluminescent reagent in the analyses of pharmaceutically active compounds to develop spectrophotometric and chemiluminescence methods since 2000.

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