Modification of Natural Clay Surface with Manganese-Oxide for Removal of Cadmium(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Modified

Natural clay (NC) and its surface modified with manganese oxide (MnO-NC) was assessed for removal of Cd (II) ion by batch adsorptive process. The surface modification of NC was chemically prepared with manganese chloride in basic solution by simple procedure, resulting in larger surface area than raw material by about 10-times. FT-IR spectra and SEM photograph showed the unique characteristic of MnO-NC after chemically surface modification with MnO2 particles successfully set down onto the NC surface. Under optimum conditions as a function of solution pH of 6.0, adsorbent dose of 5 g/L, contact time of 15 min and initial cadmium concentration of 100 mg/L, the adsorption capacity reach to 30.6 mg/g. By comparing with NC, MnO-NC provides higher adsorptive capability than the one by about 30-times. Based on isotherm estimation, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm showed more suitable for both adsorbents with the best correlation coefficient (r2>0.99) than the Freundlich isotherm. The adsorptive kinetics of Cd (II) onto NC and MnO-NC followed the pseudo-second-order.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Chromium Ions on Activated Carbon Produced from Cow Bones

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Marah Waleed Khalid ◽  
Sami D. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Chromium Ions ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Due to the broad range uses of chromium for industrial purposes, besides its carcinogenic effect, an efficient, cost effective removal method should be obtained. In this study, cow bones as a cheap raw material were utilized to produce active carbon (CBAC) by physiochemical activation, which was characterized using: SEM to investigate surface morphology and BET to estimate the specific surface area. The best surface area of CBAC was 595.9 m2/gm which was prepared at 600 ᵒC activation temperature and impregnation ratio of 1:1.5. CBAC was used in aqueous chromium ions adsorption. The investigated factors and their ranges are: initial concentration (10-50 mg/L), adsorption time (30-300 min), temperature (20-50 ᵒC) and solution pH (2-11). Isotherm of adsorption and its kinetics were studied. The adsorption process was modeled statistically and was represented by an empirical model. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the data best represented by Freundlich isotherm. Pseudo- first order and pseudo- second order kinetic equations were utilized to study adsorption kinetics, where chromium adsorption on CBAC fitted pseudo- second order fitted the data more adequately. The best removal efficiency was found to be 94.32%.

scholarly journals Preparation of polyethyleneimine modification of flower molybdenum disulfide composite(PEI/MoS2) adsorbent and studying it enriched and reduction property for hexavalent chromium from wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Shan Tang ◽  
Jian hua Chen ◽  
JingMei Wang ◽  
Qiao Jing Lin ◽  
Li Jun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Molybdenum Disulfide ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Composite Adsorbents ◽  
Reduction Property ◽  
Adsorption Temperature ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract In this study, flower molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was surface-modified with polyethyleneimine(PEI) to prepare PEI/MoS2 composite adsorbents for Cr(VI) enrichment in aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of PEI/MoS2 were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, BET and XPS methods. The influences of PEI loading, solution pH, contact time, adsorption temperature, and initial Cr(VI) ion concentration on the adsorption performance of PEI/MoS2 for Cr(VI) were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, and the initial Cr(VI) ion concentration is 50 mg L− 1, the adsorption capacity of PEI/MoS2 is 120.7 mg g− 1. The adsorption rate is fast, equilibrium time is 6 h. Competitive adsorption studies of the Cr(VI), Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) quaternion system were also investigated, the results indicated that selectively adsorbed amount of Cr(VI) on PEI/MoS2 is significantly higher than that of Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions. The adsorption process was spontaneous and conformed to Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second kinetic model. The consecutive adsorption-desorption experiments indicated that the PEI/MoS2 has excellent reusability.

scholarly journals Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Opeyemi A. Oyewo ◽  
Sam Ramaila ◽  
Lydia Mavuru ◽  
Taile Leswifi ◽  
Maurice S. Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Surface Modified

The presence of toxic metals in surface and natural waters, even at trace levels, poses a great danger to humans and the ecosystem. Although the combination of adsorption and coagulation techniques has the potential to eradicate this problem, the use of inappropriate media remains a major drawback. This study reports on the application of NaNO2/NaHCO3 modified sawdust-based cellulose nanocrystals (MCNC) as both coagulant and adsorbent for the removal of Cu, Fe and Pb from aqueous solution. The surface modified coagulants, prepared by electrostatic interactions, were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). The amount of coagulated/adsorbed trace metals was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). SEM analysis revealed the patchy and distributed floccules on Fe-flocs, which was an indication of multiple mechanisms responsible for Fe removal onto MCNC. A shift in the peak position attributed to C2H192N64O16 from 2θ = 30 to 24.5° occurred in the XRD pattern of both Pb- and Cu-flocs. Different process variables, including initial metal ions concentration (10–200 mg/L), solution pH (2–10), and temperature (25–45 °C) were studied in order to investigate how they affect the reaction process. Both Cu and Pb adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 111.1 and 2.82 mg/g, respectively, whereas the adsorption of Fe was suggestive of a multilayer adsorption process; however, Fe Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 81.96 mg/g. The sequence of trace metals removal followed the order: Cu > Fe > Pb. The utilization of this product in different water matrices is an effective way to establish their robustness.

Surface Modification of Nanosized Biphasic α-TCP/HA Powders

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li Pan ◽  
Yan Bao Li ◽  
Chao Zou ◽  
Wen Jian Weng ◽  
Kui Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Solution Ph

Stearic acid was utilized to modify biphasic alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)/hydroxyapatite (HA) powders in the ethanol. The results showed that the dispersion of biphasic α-TCP/HA powders (BCPs) in non-polar matrix improved. And the released content of Ca2+ and PO4 3- of the BCPs soaked in the NaAc-HAc buffer solution (pH 5.0) was almost same as that before modification. Stearic acid could modify the suface properties of BCPs and would not obviously affect their biological characteristics, which affords a good groundwork of application of calcium phosphates powders.

scholarly journals Facile Preparation of Efficient WO3Photocatalysts Based on Surface Modification

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Liu ◽  
Hongmei Li ◽  
Yangsu Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
Visible Light Active ◽  
Efficient Charge ◽  
Surface Modified

Tungsten trioxide (WO3) was surface modified with Cu(II) nanoclusters and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanopowders by using a simple impregnation method followed by a physical combining method. The obtained nanocomposites were studied by scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra, UV-visible light spectra, and photoluminescence, respectively. Although the photocatalytic activity of WO3was negligible under visible light irradiation, the visible light photocatalytic activity of WO3was drastically enhanced by surface modification of Cu(II) nanoclusters and TiO2nanopowders. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is due to the efficient charge separation by TiO2and Cu(II) nanoclusters functioning as cocatalysts on the surface. Thus, this simple strategy provides a facile route to prepare efficient visible-light-active photocatalysts for practical application.

The Experimental of Low Temperature Color Slip for Decorative on Earthenware Body

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
Soravich Mulinta
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Ferric Oxide ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Yellow Color

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of dolomite body, frit and potassium feldspar on the properties of color slip for decorative method of color slip on earthen ware production. The characterization of raw material was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The experiment started with triaxial blend of dolomite body, frit and potassium feldspar in the defined ratio and then to painting of color slips on earthenware production. After that, firing specimens at 950 °C in oxidation atmosphere. Finally, the specimens were tested microstructure and physical properties. The results showed that the ratio of 50% dolomite body, 40% frit and 10% potassium feldspar were optimum properties for decorative on earthenware body. In color slip consisting of blue color added Cobalt oxide 1% ,Green colors added chromic oxide 10% , Gray color added manganese oxide 10% ,yellow color added stain 2225 10% and hazel color added ferric oxide 2 wt %.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Surface-Modified Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) for Biosensing and Bioimaging

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Janus ◽  
Julia Radwan-Pragłowska ◽  
Marek Piątkowski ◽  
Dariusz Bogdał
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Synthesis Approach ◽  
Effective Analysis

Recently, fluorescent probes became one of the most efficient tools for biosensing and bioimaging. Special attention is focused on carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which are characterized by the water solubility and lack of cytotoxicity. Moreover, they exhibit higher photostability comparing to traditional organic dyes. Currently, there is a great need for the novel, luminescent nanomaterials with tunable properties enabling fast and effective analysis of the biological samples. In this article, we propose a new, ecofriendly bottom-up synthesis approach for intelligent, surface-modified nanodots preparation using bioproducts as a raw material. Obtained nanomaterials were characterized over their morphology, chemical structure and switchable luminescence. Their possible use as a nanodevice for medicine was investigated. Finally, the products were confirmed to be non-toxic to fibroblasts and capable of cell imaging.

scholarly journals Incorporation of sugarcane bagasse ash waste as an alternative raw material for red ceramic

Cerâmica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (351) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. P. Faria ◽  
J. N. F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sugarcane Industry

The sugarcane industry generates huge amounts of sugarcane bagasse ashes (SCBA). This work investigates the incorporation of a SCBA waste as an alternative raw material into a clay body, replacing natural clay material by up to 20 wt.%. Clay ceramic pieces were produced by uniaxial pressing and fired at temperatures varying from 700 to 1100 ºC. The technological properties of the clay ceramic pieces (linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, and tensile strength) as function of the firing temperature and waste addition are investigated. The phase evolution during firing was followed by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the SCBA waste could be incorporated into red ceramics (bricks and roofing tiles) in partial replacement for natural clay material. These results confirm the feasibility of valorisation of SCBA waste to produce red ceramic. This use of SCBA can also contribute greatly to reducing the environmental problems of the sugarcane industry, and also save the sources of natural raw materials used in the ceramic industry.

scholarly journals Red Mud-Based Polyaluminum Ferric Chloride Flocculant: Preparation, Characterization and Flocculation Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Longjun Xu ◽  
Chenglun Liu ◽  
Zao Jiang ◽  
Qiyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph

Abstract In this work, red mud was used as raw material to extract Al and Fe with hydrochloric acid. The high-efficiency polyaluminum iron chloride (PAFC) flocculant was prepared via adjusting the pH of the leaching solution, the molar ratio of aluminum and iron, and the polymerization temperature. The effect of synthesis and flocculation conditions on the flocculation performance of aged landfill leachate was investigated. The results confirmed that the PAFC prepared at the polymerization pH of 2.5, the Al/Fe molar ratio of 8, and the polymerization temperature of 70 °C had the optimum flocculation effect. The flocculation consequences of PAFC and commercial polyaluminum iron chloride flocculant (CPAFC) under different flocculation conditions were compared. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), UV254, chroma and settlement height of PAFC at flocculant concentration of 60 g/L and solution pH of 6 were 72.2%, 79.2%, 82.9% and 9.5 cm (within 90 min), respectively. PAFC has excellent flocculation performance and can be used as a simple, potentially low-cost wastewater treatment agent in industrial applications.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN BAHAN BAKU DAN HASIL PRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN METODE LINIER PROGRAMMING SIMPLEK

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Handayani ◽  
Eka Kusuma Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Production Planning ◽  
Simplex Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Linear Programming Method

<p>CV. Baja Utama Landasan Ulin is a business entity that manufactures various products using the basic ingredients of iron. In the management of raw materials for the production of common regulatory process raw materials into sections for further processing. This setting is often done manually without doing careful planning, so that at the end of each production process there are many remaining pieces of the raw materials that should be used in production. In addition to the determination of the production is necessary to reference how the product should be made for each type of existing products. This is often an important factor that pushed for the optimization of production planning in determining the number of products for each type of product and raw material consumption.Linear Programming is one of the methods used in production planning to regulate the use of raw materials is limited. Simplex method is part of the linear programming method that can be used in the production planning system implementation. Simplex method identifies an initial basic solution and then move systematically to other basic solution that has the potential to improve the value of the objective function.The calculation result of production planning using the simplex method can be used as a reference in the decision making production planning. By building an application using the simplex method can assist in the calculation of production peencanaan more efficiently and effectively. Accuracy testing system constructed show significant results with great value reached 94% level of accuracy.<br />Keywords: simplex, production planning, the maximum gain, linear programming</p>

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