Influence of the quality of raw materials on the composition and theconditions for the fermentation of apple juice

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Мадина Борисовна Хоконова ◽  
Ирина Шамильевна Дзахмишева ◽  
Алим Борисович Хоконов
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Apple Juice ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Materials Used

Плодовый спирт получают путем спиртового брожения плодово-ягодного сока, мезги свежих плодов или выжимки после отжатия сока. Переработка нестандартной части плодово-ягодного сырья, а также вторичная переработка отходов с целью получения плодового спирта - выгодное направление, повышающее эффективность работы винодельческих предприятий и увеличивающее ассортимент выпускаемых продуктов. На основе качественного плодового спирта получают слабоалкогольные напитки типа сидра. Работа посвящена изучению способов улучшения технологических качеств плодового сырья, используемого для получения спирта, а также качественных виноматериалов для производства сидра на ООО «Чегемский Винпищепром». Установлено, что сырье характеризуется низкой величиной глюкоацидометрического показателя. Для яблок он составляет 5,8-8,8. Количество сухих веществ варьирует у сортов в пределах 9,5-11,0 %. Максимум отмечен у сорта Ренет Симиренко. Меньшее содержание сахаров отмечено у сорта Айдаред, максимальное - у сорта Джонатан. Титруемая кислотность у данных сортов варьирует от 5,5-6,0. Определена разница между яблочным соком и спиртом-сырцом по химическому составу. Крепость спирта-сырца составляет 59,3-60,3 %об. Яблочный спирт получали путем дистилляции периодическим способом. Определено, что температура охлаждения сусла не зависит от скорости сбраживания. Наиболее пригодные для производства сидра сорта яблок Айдаред, Джонатан с содержанием сухих веществ 9,5-10,0 % и скоростью сбраживания 1,5 г/л.ч. Fruit alcohol is obtained by alcoholic fermentation of fruit and berry juice, pulp of fresh fruits or pomace after squeezing the juice. Processing of non-standard parts of fruit and berry raw materials, as well as recycling waste, in order to obtain fruit alcohol, is a profitable direction that increases the efficiency of wineries and increases the range of products. Low-alcohol drinks such as cider are produced on the basis of high-quality fruit alcohol. The work is devoted to the study of ways to improve the technological qualities of fruit raw materials used to obtain alcohol, aswell as high-quality wine materials for the production of ciderat OOO Chegemsky Vinpischeprom. It was found that the raw material is characterized by a low glucoacidometric indicator. For apples, it is 5,8-8,8.The amount of dry matter varies in varieties within 9,5-11,0%.The maximum was observed in the Renet Simirenko variety. The lower sugar content was noted in the Idared variety, the maximum in the Jonathan variety. The titratable acidity of these varieties varies from 5,5-6,0.The chemical composition difference between apple juice and raw alcohol was determined. The strength of the raw alcohol is 59,3-60,3% vol. Apple alcohol was obtained by distillation in a batch wise manner. It has been determined that the cooling temperature of the wort does not depend mainly on the rate of fermentation. The most suitableapple varieties for the production of cider are Idared, Jonathan with a dry matter content of 9,5-10,0% and a fermentation rate of 1,5 g/l.H.

scholarly journals Effect of different stages of maturity and postharvest treatments on quality and storability of pineapple

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
SI Kamol ◽  
J Howlader ◽  
GC Sutra Dhar ◽  
M Aklimuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Edible Portion ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity

A study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different maturity stages and postharvest treatments on the storage behavior of Pineapple fruits. Two distinct maturity stages viz., premature (30 days before attaining optimum maturity) and optimum mature fruits were harvested and placed in the laboratory room. On the same day six postharvest treatments viz., control, preserved in unperforated polyethylene bag, tilt, 100 ppm NAA, 200 ppm NAA, and 300 ppm NAA were assigned to that fruits. The two-factor experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. There was significant variation between two maturity stages and among different treatments in relation to fruit characteristics. At 18 days of storage, premature fruits contained the maximum shelf-life (19.33 days), total weight loss (16.00%), moisture content (92.66%), total titratable acidity (0.77%), ascorbic acid content (17.49 mg/100g fruit) while the minimum (14.5 days), (14.67%), (90.66%), (0.68%), (9.75 mg/100g fruit) in optimum mature fruits, respectively. On the other hand, optimum mature fruits had higher dry matter content (14.78%), edible portion (67.77%), TSS (16.03%), pulp to peel ratio (2.56), total sugar content (13.5%) while these were minimum (12.57%), (65.16%), (14.43%), (2.37), (10.56%) in pre mature fruits, respectively. The fruits treated with 100 ppm NAA treatment showed the highest shelf life (22.83 days), pulp to peel ratio (2.94), total titratable acidity (0.67%), ascorbic acid content (16.78 mg/100g fruit pulp) and the lowest was in total sugar content (10.96%). Fruits treated with unperforated polythene bag gave the maximum edible portion (71.72%), moisture content (88.3%), and the minimum were in weight loss (3.42%), dry matter content (11.7%), TSS (14.68%). On the other hand, fruits with 5% tilt treatment showed the minimum total titratable acidity (0.58%) and ascorbic acid content (12.28 mg/100 g fruit pulp). Fruits with control represented the highest weight loss (19.135%), dry matter content (13.7%), total sugar content (12.75%) and the lowest were in shelf life (12.66 days), edible portion (60.098%), pulp to peel ratio (1.93). Among the treated and untreated fruits, unperforated polyethylene bag and 100 ppm NAA treatment exhibited better storage performance.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 251-260, December 2014

scholarly journals Obtaining dry protein concentrates from secondary gelatin products

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
R. A. Voroshilin ◽  
A. Yu. Prosekov ◽  
M. G. Kurbanova
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content

The article presents the investigation of the chemical composition of a collagen-containing broth obtained during gelatin production at the stage of defatting bony raw material. Collagen broth is a minor by-product from gelatin production. The aim of the research is to analyze the effect of the duration of the hydrothermal treatment of collagen raw materials on the concentration of high-protein broths by using spray drying. To carry out a set of experimental studies they used broth obtained by the method of hydrothermal treatment of bone at a temperature of 95±5°C for 90 to 180 minutes and its dry concentrate obtained later at the Mini Spray Dryer B-290 laboratory spray drying model (Buchi, Sweden). According to the research results, it has been revealed that the duration of the hydrothermal treatment affects the indicators of fat, protein, and dry matter content in broths. When being treated for 90 minutes, the dry matter content is in the range of 8,1 %, which is 46 % less than with a treatment time of 180 minutes. When the duration of the hydrothermal treatment of raw materials increases, the gelation time of the obtained broths reduces at temperature conditions of 4±2°C. After the spray drying process physicochemical parameters of the obtained dry collagen concentrates have been determined. In the dry concentrate the dependence of the indicator of the content of the mass fraction of protein on the duration of the hydrothermal treatment of broths is observed, the values range from 64,19 % to 82,89 %. The gelling capacity of all samples is high. The obtained dry concentrates are in the form of white to light cream color homogeneous powder.

scholarly journals Effect of Permeable Coatings on Some Quality Parameters of Two `Galia' melons during Storage

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 825F-825
Author(s):  
Juan E. Manzano-Mendez ◽  
Yolanda Perez ◽  
Judith Zambrano
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wax Coating

Melon hybrids (Cucumis melo L.) C-8 and H-5 from Hazera C.O. (Israel), were treated with two commercial wax coating, Primafresh at the original concentration, and Prolong at 1.5% (w/v). Fruits were sprayed with wax and stored for 5, 10, and 15 days at 10, 15, and 25C in storage rooms. Total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, reducing and total sugars, dry matter, electric conductivity, and pulp fruit color were analyzed. No difference was found to TSS; titratable acidity was high at 10 and 15C in fruits stored for 5 days. The C-8 hybrid showed the highest reducing and total sugar content at 10C. For both hybrids, dry matter content was reduced at higher stored temperature and longer storage time. The hybrid H-5 showed higher color a* value and a clear pulp color was increased in fruit at 15C.

scholarly journals BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM AMARANTH BIOMASS

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Vladimír Sitkey ◽  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Ľubomír Kliský ◽  
Alexander Dudák
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

Abstract Energy variety of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) was grown in large-scale trials in order to verify the capability of its cultivation and use as a renewable energy source in a biogas plant. The possibility of biogas production using anaerobic co-fermentation of manure and amaranth silage was verified in the experimental horizontal fermentor of 5 m3 volume, working at mesophilic conditions of 38-40 °C. The goal of the work was also to identify the optimum conditions for growth, harvesting and preservation of amaranth biomass, to optimize biogas production process, and to test the residual slurry from digestion process as a high quality organic fertilizer. The average yield of green amaranth biomass was 51.66 t.ha-1 with dry matter content of 37%. Based on the reached results it can be concluded that amaranth silage, solely or together with another organic materials of agricultural origin, is a suitable raw material for biogas production.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre-hydrolysis on Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Native Rye Starch

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Strąk-Graczyk ◽  
Maria Balcerek
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

Abstract The rising population and increasing demand for food place added pressure on the agricultural sector to maintain high process efficiency while implementing environmentally friendly methods. In this study, we investigate the effect of pre-hydrolysis of native rye starch and its influence on the yield of ethanol obtained by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) from high gravity rye mashes with 25% and 28% w w−1 dry matter content. Fermentation was carried out in a 3-day system at a temperature of 35 ± 1 °C using the dry distillery yeast Ethanol Red (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The characteristics of the tested raw material and changes in the native rye starch during enzymatic hydrolysis were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM images revealed characteristic changes on the surface of the starch, which was found to have a layered structure, as well as interesting behavior by the yeast during SSF when the glucose concentration in the environment was lowered. Both in the mashes with 25% and 28% w w−1 dry matter, starch pre-hydrolysis did not significantly increase either the initial amounts of sugars available to the yeast or the fermentation efficiency and ethanol yield in comparison to the mashes without this pre-treatment.

scholarly journals Iodine Biofortification of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown in Field

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1916
Author(s):  
Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń ◽  
Sylwester Smoleń ◽  
Stanisław Rożek ◽  
Włodzimierz Sady ◽  
Piotr Strzetelski
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Daily Diet

Despite wide prevention programmes, iodine deficiency remains a substantial problem in various populations around the world. Consumption of crop plants with increased iodine content may help supply additional amounts of that element in a daily diet. The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of iodine biofortification of potato tubers. Soil application of KI and foliar application of KIO3 in doses up to 2.0 kg I ha−1 were tested in a three-year field experiment. Biomass, yield as well as dry matter, iodine, starch, and soluble sugar content in potato tubers were analyzed. No negative effect of tested methods of iodine application on potato yield or dry matter content was observed. Both soil and foliar application of iodine allowed to obtain potato tubers with increased content of that element with no decrease of starch or sugar content. The highest efficiency of iodine biofortification was noted for foliar spraying with KIO3 in a dose of 2.0 kg I ha−1. The obtained level of iodine in 100 g of potatoes could be sufficient to cover up to 25% of Recommended Daily Allowance for that element. The findings of the study indicate that potatoes biofortified with iodine can become an additional source of I in a daily diet.

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds in the aboveground part of hemiephemeroid onions (Allium L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
T. I. Fomina ◽  
T. A. Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Total Sugars

Background. Representatives of the genus Allium L. are valuable food and medicinal plants that have long been used for nutrition and human health. Modern research has proved their high biological activity. Earlier, we investigated the aboveground organs of a number of wild onion species in the consumer ripeness phase. Higher content of secondary metabolites has been observed in the hemiephemeroid species A. aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. microdictyon Prokh., and A. rosenbachianum Regel. The aim of this work was to determine the content of bioactive compounds in the green biomass of Allium species during flowering.Materials and methods. We studied the freshly harvested raw materials – leaves and flower scapes. Dry matter content was measured by drying 1 g of raw material at 100–105°C to constant weight. The amounts of phenolic compounds, pectic substances, total sugars and carotenoids were assessed spectrophotometrically using the SF-56 (Russia) and SF Agilent 8453 (USA) instruments, and ascorbic acid was measured by the titrimetric method. The result was taken as an average of three measurements for each indicator calculated on absolute dry weight of raw material (except ascorbic acid).Results and conclusions. The green biomass of Allium species was found to contain 8,2–16,2% of dry matter; 4,5–12,0% of phenolics (catechins, flavonols and tannins); 6,9–32,4% of total sugars; 9,5–12,6% of pectic compounds (pectins and protopectins); 20,8–102,5 mg% of carotenoids, and 38,0–197,7 mg% of ascorbic acid (wet weight). A significant range of variation in the content of secondary metabolites was due to the species’ characteristics and weather conditions of the growing season. A. microdictyon had a higher content of dry matter, flavonols and tannins, whereas A. aflatunense and A. rosenbachianum were rich in ascorbic acid and sugars. The findings testify to the prospects of using Allium spp. as a source of bioactive compounds. 

scholarly journals Post Harvest Assessment and Nutritional Evaluation of Different Cultivars of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) Grown in the Alluvial Soils of West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Manisha Ch. Momin ◽  
Alemmoa R. Jamir ◽  
Surajit Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional content of various cultivars of taro acquired from All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on tuber crops. Study design:Completely randomized design (CRD) at 5% level of significance. Place and duration of study: Department of Post Harvest Technology, faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India, between December 2019 and February 2020. Methodology: 8 cultivars of taro were evaluated for their nutritional contents in this study and their physical attributes such as cormel girth, length, specific gravity, number of cormels per plant and weight of cormel as well as yield per hectare was calculated. Chemical attributes such as titratable acidity, starch, ascorbic acid, total phenol and total sugar as well as reducing sugar content in each cultivar was also studied. Results: Analysis of variance showed significant variation among all the tested cultivars. Moisture content, total sugar and starch was recorded to be highest in the cultivar TTR-17-6 (72.233 %, 5.007 % and 31.805 % respectively). Total phenol (188 mg GAE 100 gm-1) and reducing sugar (2.817%) was found to be highest in TTR-17-5. Total soluble solids was highest in TTR-17-7 (3.867 0Brix). Dry matter content was highest in TTR-17-4 (37.333 %) and ascorbic acid was highest in TTR-17-2 (70.093 mg 100 gm-1). Conclusion: The eight cultivars of taro studied were found to be rich in sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenols and starch. They were observed to vary in cormel girth, length, weight, specific gravity, yield, moisture, dry matter content, TSS and titratable acidity. The cultivar TTR-17-6 was found to be very high in starch, total sugar and moisture content. Therefore, this cultivar may be of considerable importance in ameliorating malnutrition in poorly resourced areas of the developing countries. Cultivar TTR-17-2 was found to be high in ascorbic acid and hence can be further used by the plant breeders to develop more cultivars of taro that are rich in such phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Optimization of centrifugal separation of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Tupasela ◽  
Petri Koskela ◽  
Eero Pahkala ◽  
Veikko Kankare
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Whey proteins, which are mainly composed of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) and α-lactalbumin (α-la), account for about 20% of the proteins of bovine milk. In this study we investigated the effect of pH, dry matter content, concentration factor, heat treatment and centrifugation on the separation of α-la from β-lg using clarified whey as raw material, α-La precipitation was highest, 23.3%, when the dry matter content ranged from 5.8% to 25.7%. The optimum pH of α-la precipitation depended on the dry matter content. The separation efficiency increased when the concentration factor and heat treatment time at 55°C increased. A longer centrifugation time and higher separation speed did not have a marked effect on the separation efficiency. Separation was more efficient with a higher centrifugation speed at concentration levels 30 X and 60 X. The separation efficiency did not improve when the temperature was raised from 55°C to 65°C but it was better at a concentration level 120 X than at 60 X and 30 X, and also at concentration level 60 X than with 30 X.

scholarly journals Estimating maturity by measuring pH, sugar, dry matter, water and vitamin C content of cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale) from remote spectral reflectance data using neural network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1029-1034
Author(s):  
Eliane K. Assoi ◽  
Olivier K. Bagui ◽  
Benoit K. Kouakou ◽  
Adolphe Y. Gbogbo ◽  
Doudjo Soro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cashew Apple

In agricultural sector, maturity is the main decision criterion for starting the harvest. This criterion is usually revealed by a number of parameters such as pH, sugar, dry matter, water and vitamin C, which are informative but technically tedious to measure. The cashew apple is the hypertrophied peduncle which is attached to the cashew nut. It is a nutritious (very juicy fruit (85 to 90% water), sweet (7 to 13% carbohydrates), acidic and vitamin C content) fruit with high therapeutic and medicinal properties. The cashew apple is used as a raw material for many industrial applications (juice and alcohol). This research was conducted as a preliminary step towards the development of a real-time remote sensing technique for assessing the quality of tropical fruits. Spectral acquisitions were carried out from intact cashew apple using optical system composed reflector coupled with spectrometer USB 4000 FL from Ocean Optics (350-1100 nm). Immediately after spectral acquisition, the samples were analyzed by using chemical methods (sugar content, dry matter content, water content, vitamin C and pH). Preprocessing treatment method, bootstrap method was required to create statistical new samples and to increase the number of samples required. This method was used to improve the predictive performance of calibration model. Statistical models of prediction were developed using an artificial neural network (ANN) method. The results obtained from the models built by ANN showed strong relationships between predicted and experimental values: (Rsquare = 0.9870, RMSE= 0.0262) for pH, (Rsquare=0.9869, RMSE=0.1392) for Sugar, (Rsquare=0.9726, RMSE=0.3333) for water content, (Rsquare=0.9703, RMSE=0.3464) for vitamin C and (Rsquare=0.9922, RMSE= 5.0304, RMSE=5.0304) for dry matter. These results confirm the potential of visible spectroscopy to predict quality parameters of cashew apples remotely and make decisions about best harvest time

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