A Statistical Study on the Prevalence of Physical inactivity among Cardiovascular Diseases patients: The Predictive role of Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 3679-3684
Author(s):  
Mirza Rizwan Sajid ◽  
Noryanti Muhammad ◽  
Ahmad Shahbaz ◽  
Roslinazairimah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
World Population ◽  
Background Factors ◽  
Physically Inactive

Physical inactivity (PI) is an established modifiable risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which is the leading cause of global mortality. Researchers and practitioners have been trying to reduce the surge of PI in the population but still, a substantial chunk of the world population is struggling with the issues of PI. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and associated background factors of PI among CVDs patients. Further, profiles of potentially physically inactive people will also be identified for the future. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC) Lahore, Pakistan spanning the duration of September 2018 to February 2019. A sample of 230 CVDs patients, using 95% confidence interval (CI), 80% power of test and 5% margin of error was selected in the study. The data on PI was collected using standardized international physical activity questionnaire. In addition to descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, multiple logistic regression analysis and odds ratios (OR) were also used. The study included 230 participants, in which 156 (68%) were males. The average age of the CVDs patients was 50.11±11.15 years. One hundred thirteen (49%) of the patients were physically inactive. Forward stepwise logistic regression estimated that good subjective financial well-being (OR= 0.560; 95% CI: 0.439-0.714), high years of schooling (OR = 0.932; 95% CI: 0.871-0.998), male gender (OR = 0.336, 95% CI: 0.162-0.698) and advanced ages (OR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.011-1.072) were the strong factors in determining the likelihood of PI. This study concludes that the prevalence of PI in CVDs patients is alarming and background factors are the strong predictors of PI. These factors can be used to design customized strategies for the reduction of PI which would ultimately help in reducing the incidence of CVDs in the population.

Association of hemoglobin and spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus during the transitional period in very low birth weight infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
S. Joye ◽  
P.J. McNamara ◽  
R.E. Giesinger ◽  
J-F. Tolsa ◽  
N. Sekarski
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Spontaneous Closure ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression

OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between plasma hemoglobin (HB) at three time-points (birth, postnatal days 0–3 and 0–10) and spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus (sDAC). STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective case-control study of preterm infants born (2013–2016) between 24 and 29 weeks of gestational age (GA) was conducted in a level three perinatal center in Switzerland. We collected hemoglobin at birth, between days 0–3 and 0–10 in two distinct groups: (i) patients treated for a PDA and (ii) patients with spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus (sDAC). Antenatal and postnatal demographic data and neonatal morbidity were collected. Bivariate analysis was performed and a stepwise logistic regression was done to investigate factors associated with sDAC. RESULTS: We reviewed the medical chart of 184 premature infants of whom 146 (79.3%) satisfied eligibility criteria. Of these, 74 (51%) were classified as sDAC. Patients with sDAC were older (GA: 28 vs 27, p <  0.001), more stable (clinical risk index for babies score (CRIB score): 2 vs 5, p <  0.001) and had better clinical outcomes than patients who received treatment for a PDA. Infants in the sDAC group had a higher level of hemoglobin during the first ten postnatal days. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that lower HB level (day 0–10) were associated with failure of sDAC (p <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first studies to highlight a potential association between hemoglobin during the transitional period and sDAC. The biological nature of this observation requires prospective clarification.

scholarly journals The association between elder abuse and childhood adversity: A study of older adults in Malaysia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254717
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asyraf ◽  
Michael P. Dunne ◽  
Noran N. Hairi ◽  
Farizah Mohd Hairi ◽  
Noraliza Radzali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Objectives Childhood adversity has been linked with later victimization of young and middle-aged adults, but few studies have shown persistence of this effect among elders, especially outside of North America. This research examined the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and elder abuse among older adults aged 60 years and over in Malaysia. Design Cross sectional data were collected via face-to-face interview from June to August 2019. Setting Eight government community health clinics in Kuala Pilah, a district in Negeri Sembilan state approximately 100km from Malaysian capital city Kuala Lumpur. Participants Older adults aged 60 years and above (N = 1984; Mean age 69.2, range 60–93 years) attending all eight government health clinics in the district were recruited for a face-to-face interview about health and well-being. Measurement The Adverse Childhood Experience International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) were utilized to estimate childhood adversity and elder abuse respectively. Results Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between the number of cumulative ACEs and elder abuse. Compared to older adults with no self-reported adversity, those reporting three ACEs (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.84,3.87) or four or more ACEs (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.16, 2.48) had higher risk of any elder abuse occurrence since age 60 years. The effect was most prominent for financial and psychological elder abuse. The associations persisted in multivariate logistic regression models after adjusting for sociodemographic and health factors. Conclusion Early life adversities were significantly associated with victimization of older adults. Social and emotional support to address elder abuse should recognize that, for some men and women, there is a possibility that vulnerability to maltreatment persisted throughout their life course.

scholarly journals Association between Reproductive Span and Sarcopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Eun Young Park ◽  
Kyoung Hee Han ◽  
Tae Ha Chung ◽  
Nam Yun Kim ◽  
Ji Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Age Related

Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related loss of skeletal muscle and is associated with several health disorders. Causes of sarcopenia, which included physical inactivity, alcohol, dietary habits, and smoking, have been researched. The present study was undertaken to examine the association between reproductive span and sarcopenia in Korean women. Data obtained from 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) were analyzed. We defined sarcopenia based on the cut-off values of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) sarcopenia project criteria: ASM/BMI < 0.512 for women. Reproductive span was defined as years from menarche to menopause, and we divided the 3970 study subjects into three groups by reproductive span tertile. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine adjusted ORs for the relation between reproductive span and sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the study was 17.7% (704 of 3970). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using weighted populations. After adjusting for covariates, reproductive span was found to be inversely associated with the risk of sarcopenia [Tertile 1 = 1 (reference); Tertile 2, odds ratio (OR) = 0.927, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.863–0.995; Tertile 3, OR = 0.854, 95% CI = 0.793–0.915].

scholarly journals Facility level factors that determine consistent delivery of essential newborn care at health centers in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binyam Fekadu Desta ◽  
Ismael Ali Beshir ◽  
Zergu Tafesse ◽  
Hailemariam Segni
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Newborn Care ◽  
Delivery Rooms

Abstract Background: Essential newborn care (ENC) is a package of interventions which should be provided for every newborn baby regardless of body size or place of delivery immediately after birth and should be continued for at least the seven days that follows. Although a minimum package of proven interventions to reduce newborn mortality have been adopted, countries are still challenged by multiple system related problems. Methods: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional study design and used program monitoring data collected from 425 facilities between October and December 2019. Descriptive statistics were formulated and presented in tables. Binary logistic regression was employed to assess the statistical association between the outcome variable and the independent variables. All variables with p<0.2 in the bivariate analysis were identified as candidate variables. Then, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using candidate variables to determine statistically significant predictors of the consistent delivery of ENC by adjusting for possible confounders. Results: A total of 273, (64.2%), of facilities demonstrated consistent delivery of ENC. Five factors - availability of essential obstetrics drugs in delivery rooms, high CSC performances, availability of maternity waiting homes, consistent partograph use, and availability of women-friendly delivery services were included in the model. The strongest predictor of CD-ENC was consistent partograph use, recording an odds ratio of 2.66. Similarly, providing women-friendly services was strongly associated with increased likelihood of exhibiting CD-ENC. Furthermore, facilities with essential obstetric drugs had 1.88 times higher odds of exhibiting consistent delivery of ENC. Conclusion: Health worker commitment to provide ENC is linked to the practices and platforms created by health facility management. Health facility managers should establish a platform or mechanism to enhance providers relationship with their clients as well as comprehensive tools to remind health workers’ responsibilities with regards to ENC. In addition, the health service managers should also consider availing the required supplies and drugs closer to the service delivery rooms and tables.

scholarly journals Digital Leadership Skills and Associations with Psychological Well-Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Zeike ◽  
Katherine Bradbury ◽  
Lara Lindert ◽  
Holger Pfaff
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Upper Level

Due to increasing digitalisation, today’s working world is changing rapidly and provides managers with new challenges. Digital leadership is an important factor in managing these challenges and has become a key concept in the discussion about what kinds of skills managers need for digital transformation. The main research question our study explored was if digital leadership is associated with psychological well-being in upper-level managers. Based on a qualitative pilot study and relevant literature, we developed a new scale for digital leadership in managers. We conducted an online survey with a sample of 368 upper-level managers from a large German ICT-company. Using a stepwise logistic regression analysis, potential effects of digital leadership on psychological well-being (WHO-5) were analysed. Logistic regression analyses showed that better skills in digital leadership were significantly associated with higher well-being. Results also showed that gender, age and managerial experience had no effect in our model. Our study provides a valuable insight into the association between digital leadership and well-being in managers. However, further research is necessary to validate the newly developed scale for digital leadership and to confirm a causal effect in the relationship between digital leadership and well-being.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with acute withdrawal symptoms after 24 weeks of eszopiclone treatment in patients with chronic insomnia: a prospective, interventional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Inoue ◽  
Yoshikazu Takaesu ◽  
Michinori Koebis
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Poor Compliance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Background Although long-term use of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZDs) has been associated with an increased risk of dependence, the incidence, details of clinical manifestations, and triggering factors of withdrawal symptoms associated with long-term BZD use at common clinical doses remain unclear. Methods In a multicenter, open-label study of 123 Japanese patients with insomnia, patients were given a common clinical dose of eszopiclone (2 mg) for 24 weeks, and then treatment was abruptly discontinued. Withdrawal symptoms were evaluated using the Benzodiazepine Hypnotics Withdrawal Symptom Scale (BHWSS). The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to rate insomnia severity during treatment and 2 weeks after discontinuation. Dependence and poor compliance during treatment without strict medication controls were evaluated with the Benzodiazepine Dependence Self Report Questionnaire short version (Bendep-SRQ SV) subscale sum scores for problematic use, preoccupation, and lack of compliance. Associations between the presence of clinically relevant withdrawal symptoms (BHWSS≥7) and demographic measures, ISI scores at Week 24, and Bendep-SRQ SV subscale sum scores were evaluated by multivariable stepwise logistic regression analyses. Results Seventy-six patients completed treatment and 2 weeks of withdrawal; eight (10.5%) had clinically relevant withdrawal symptoms. On multiple logistic regression analysis, Bendep-SRQ SV subscale sum scores were correlated with withdrawal symptoms (odds ratio, 1.650; 95% confidence interval, 1.105–2.464; p = 0.014). Exacerbation of post-discontinuation insomnia was not significantly different between patients who showed clinically relevant withdrawal symptoms and those who did not (p = 0.245). Conclusions Dependence and poor compliance may contribute to withdrawal symptoms with long-term BZD use. Providing guidance to ensure proper compliance is thought to be the best way to mitigate withdrawal symptoms. Trial registration UMIN000024462 (18/10/2016).

Identification of Risk Factors for Refractory Status Epilepticus

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Hayley A. Tatro ◽  
Leslie A. Hamilton ◽  
Cassey Peters ◽  
A. Shaun Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Refractory Status Epilepticus ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Refractory Status ◽  
Convulsive Seizures

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify risk factors for the development of refractory status epilepticus (RSE). Methods: This was an IRB-approved, retrospective case control study that included patients admitted with status epilepticus between August 1, 2014, and July 31, 2017. Cases were defined as those with RSE, and controls were those who did not develop RSE. A bivariate analysis was conducted comparing those with RSE and those without RSE. A stepwise logistic regression model was constructed predicting for progression to RSE. Risk factors for progression to RSE were extrapolated from this model. Results: A total of 184 patients met inclusion criteria for the study (99 controls and 49 cases). After adjusting for covariates in the logistic regression, patients with convulsive seizures had a lower odds of developing RSE (odds ratio [OR] = 0.375; 95% CI = 0.148 to 0.951; P = 0.0388). Treatment with benzodiazepines plus levetiracetam had a higher odds of developing RSE (OR = 3.804; 95% CI = 1.523 to 9.499; P = 0.0042). Conclusion and Relevance: This study found that patients with convulsive seizures had a lower odds of developing RSE. In addition, patients treated with benzodiazepines and levetiracetam had a higher odds of developing RSE. This information can be used to potentially identify patients at higher risk of developing RSE, so that treatment can be modified to reduce morbidity and mortality. These results may warrant further investigation into the effectiveness of levetiracetam as a first-line agent for the treatment of SE.

scholarly journals The relationship between home ownership and fall-related outcomes: The National Health and Aging Trends Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. e0000019
Author(s):  
Ching-Yao Tsai ◽  
Tao-Hsin Tung ◽  
Yang-Tzu Li ◽  
Wei-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
National Health ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
The Relationship

Although many studies have tried to explore the association between fall incidents and fear of falling (FOF)/worry about fall-limited activities and various risk factors, few studies have recognized the relationship between house ownership and fall-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether house ownership will affect an older adult’s experience of falling or lead to fear of falling. The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) collected data that would provide an understanding of basic trends in people aged 65 years and older living in the United States of America. This study conducted round one of the NHATS and did logistic regression to examine the relationship between house ownership and fall-related outcomes among 7,090 persons aged 65 or older. Twenty five percent of the sampled population who lacked house ownership. All fall-related outcomes (fall last month, fall last year, fear of falling, and worry about fall-limited activities) were statistically significant in the bivariate analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that house ownership (OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.65–0.86) was significantly associated with fear of falling after adjusting for other covariates. The findings underscore the association between the lack of house ownership and fall-related outcomes.

scholarly journals Factors associated with self-reported burnout level in allied healthcare professionals in a tertiary hospital in Singapore

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244338
Author(s):  
Yao Hao Teo ◽  
Jordan Thet Ke Xu ◽  
Cowan Ho ◽  
Jui Min Leong ◽  
Benjamin Kye Jyn Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Psychological Help ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Seeking Psychological Help

Background Burnout has adverse implications in healthcare settings, compromising patient care. Allied health professionals (AHPs) are defined as individuals who work collaboratively to deliver routine and essential healthcare services, excluding physicians and nurses. There is a lack of studies on burnout among AHPs in Singapore. This study explored factors associated with a self-reported burnout level and barriers to seeking psychological help among AHPs in Singapore. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in a sample of AHPs in a tertiary hospital from October to December 2019. We emailed a four-component survey to 1127 eligible participants. The survey comprised four components: (1) sociodemographic characteristics, (2) Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), (3) Areas of Worklife Survey, and (4) Perceived Barriers to Psychological Treatment (PBPT). We performed a multiple logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with burnout. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. Results In total, 328 participants completed the questionnaire. The self-reported burnout level (emotional exhaustion>27 and/or depersonalization>10) was 67.4%. The majority of the respondents were female (83.9%), Singaporean (73.5%), aged 40 years and below (84.2%), and Chinese ethnicity (79.9%). In the multiple logistic regression model, high burnout level was negatively associated with being in the age groups of 31 to 40 (AOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16–0.93) and 40 years and older (AOR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10–0.87) and a low self-reported workload (AOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.23–0.52). High burnout level was positively associated with a work experience of three to five years (AOR 5.27, 95% CI 1.44–20.93) and more than five years (AOR 4.24; 95% CI 1.16–16.79. One hundred and ninety participants completed the PBPT component. The most frequently cited barriers to seeking psychological help by participants with burnout (n = 130) were ‘negative evaluation of therapy’ and ‘time constraints.’ Conclusions This study shows a high self-reported burnout level and identifies its associated factors among AHPs in a tertiary hospital. The findings revealed the urgency of addressing burnout in AHPs and the need for effective interventions to reduce burnout. Concurrently, proper consideration of the barriers to seeking help is warranted to improve AHPs' mental well-being.

scholarly journals Predictors of Poor Self-rated Health in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Insights from a Cross-sectional Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
L. Mlangeni ◽  
M. Mabaso ◽  
L. Makola ◽  
K. Zuma
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
South African ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Fair Poor

Background: The association between Self-Rated Health (SRH) and poor health outcomes is well established. Economically and socially marginalized individuals have been shown to be more likely to have poor SRH. There are few representative studies that assess the factors that influence SRH amongst individuals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This study assessed factors associated with poor self-rated health amongst individuals from KwaZulu-Natal using data from the 2012 South African national household survey. Methods: The 2012 South African population-based nationally representative household survey employed a multi-stage stratified cluster randomised crossectional design. Multivariate backward stepwise logistic regression models were used to determine whether SRH is significantly influenced by socio-demographic and health-related factors. Results: Out of a total of 5192 participants living in KZN, 18.1% reported having fair/poor SRH. In the multivariate logistic regression model the increased likelihood of reporting fair/poor was significantly associated with being older, HIV positive, being an excessive drinker, and not having medical aid. The decreased likelihood of reporting fair/poor was associated with being educated, not having a chronic condition, being physically active, being employed, and not accessing care regularly. Conclusion: This study has shown that marginalized individuals are more likely to have poorer SRH. Greater efforts need to be made to ensure that these individuals are brought into the fold through education, job opportunities, health insurance, social support services for poor living conditions, and poor well-being including services for substance abusers.

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