Concoct Children to Combat the Third Wave of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 455-458
Author(s):  
Hindustan Abdul Ahad ◽  
Chinthaginjala Haranath ◽  
Syed Rahamathulla ◽  
Syed Shaikshavali ◽  
Syed Ayesha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
The Third ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

This study prepares children to deal with COVID-19 and its frequent waves. Coronavirus infection cannot be prevented by pills or medications. Vaccines can prevent most infections. An increase in immunity is necessary to protect against COVID-19. CoViD-19 is better protected by a good immune system and a healthy diet. You can consume a variety of vitamins and foods to improve your health and immunity. The diet and hygiene of the body can help you prevent infections or diseases. These children are prepared or taught the consequences of their actions. COVID-19 most often affects children asymptomatically-meaning they show no symptoms of it. Children need to have periodic discussions about Appropriate Behavior in COVID-19.

scholarly journals The role of nutrition in strengthening immune system against newly emerging viral diseases: case of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Meghit Boumediene Khaled ◽  
Nada Benajiba
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
World Health ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Prevention Measures

The immune system is involved in the protection of host against environmental agents such as pathogenic micro-organisms (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and chemicals, thereby preserving the integrity of the body. To preserve organism defense mechanisms, adequate nutritional status should be maintained with appropriate intakes of calories, vitamins, minerals and water that should be continuously provided by a healthy diet. The emergence of new infectious diseases with new pathogenic properties constitutes a serious health issue worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) represents one of the most recent emerging infectious diseases, caused by a novel coronavirus member called (SARS-CoV-2), identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019, and recognized as pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The nutritional status of each COVID-19-infected patient should be assessed prior undertaking treatments. Nutritional support should be the basis of management of any infected individual. However, prevention measures remain the first priority and strategy to develop throughout proper hygiene, healthy diet and staying home. Keywords: Nutrition, Immune system, Viral diseases, SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Levels of Main Bacterial Phyla in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Sheep Depending on Parity and Age

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2203
Author(s):  
Jakub Smoliński ◽  
Natalia Szeligowska ◽  
Paulina Cholewińska ◽  
Katarzyna Czyż ◽  
Marzena Janczak
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
The Third

During pregnancy and parturition, the homeostasis of the body is disturbed, and the immune system is undermined, which is associated with hormonal changes within the body. Recently, it has also been suggested that physiological and hormonal changes associated with pregnancy may affect the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the composition of the microbiome in the third month of pregnancy in sheep in their first and second parity. Eighteen females in total were selected for the experiment, and they were divided into two groups: primiparous (aged 1 year) and multiparous ones (aged 2 years). The animals were fed the same fodder, and did not show any disease symptoms. Fecal samples were collected individually from each female (n = 20), and then bacterial DNA isolation and real-time PCR were performed for the main bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria) and families (Lactobacillaceae and Clostridia). The obtained results showed the differentiation in the microbiome between the primiparous and multiparous ewes with respect to the following groups: Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria—the level was higher in the case of the primiparas. These results suggest that the parity and age of the females may affect the gastrointestinal microbiome, but further studies are recommended.

scholarly journals Immunity Correction by a Foot Method of the Body Systemic Mobilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Ramil R. Amerkhanov ◽  
Radislav R. Amerkhanov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Positive Results

Physical rehabilitation, by the foot method of body systemic mobilization, is a new medical technology. In connection with the current global unstable infectious situation, the need arose again to return to the question of finding and developing a systematic approach of simple and generally available physical methods. Aim. Analyze and evaluate the effect of the method of systemic mobilization of the body with the foot on the immune system of the human body, in order to prevent and rehabilitate post-infectious conditions. Material and methods. The research was carried out in various climatic zones. The procedures were based on the techniques of the first, second and third orders, in the second and third age groups. The first group consisted of patients of the second age group (13-60 years old). The second study group was represented by the third age group (60 years +). Materials of the first age group (up to 13 years old) were not submitted to the analysis. The method of exposure stipulated only the canonical motion direction in the selected sessions, the session lasted within 40-70 minutes, every day, for 10-30 days, taking into account weight, age and chronic diseases. 237 male and female patients’ material was reviewed and analyzed. Results and discussion. The method of systemic mobilization of the body exposed to the foot showed more significant positive results in the second age group - 92.8% and less in the third – 78.6% . To achieve positive results, it took more procedures 4 ± 1.0 in a humid climate compared to a dry one. It has been approved that accelerated blood flow in the main and collateral vessels triggers the activity of the lymphatic system. In the primary lymphoid organs, the hematopoietic function is restored and increased, optimizing lymphopoiesis and the state of lymphodynamics. Techniques of the first order (level) restore the flow of lymph through the superficial lymphatic vessels, collecting and producing outflow of lymph from the skin, subcutaneous tissue, superficial fascia and the surface layer of muscle fibers.Techniques of the second order (level) affect the lymph flow of deep lymphatic vessels, collecting lymph from muscles, joints and bones, producing outflow from deeply located tissues, lymphatic vessels lying along the arteries and veins of the same name, actively anastomosing with a network of superficial lymphatic vessels. Techniques of the III order (level) promote lymph flow through the lymphatic capillaries, from intra- and extra-organ lymphatic vessels, trunks and ducts. These techniques create conditions for accelerating drainage in the thoracic duct, producing an “emptying” effect by a direct physical coercion on the vertebral column, penetrating deeply. Conclusion. This method has statistically confirmed studies that indicate its ability to significantly increase the speed of blood flow in the main and adjacent vessels. The method can be considered as having a positive effect on lymphodynamics, in particular on lymphatic capillaries emanating from intra- and extra organ lymphatic vessels, trunks and ducts. By increasing the transport function of the lymphatic vessels, providing a full blood supply (nutrition) to the primary organs of the lymphatic system, exerting a stimulating effect on the spirally oriented lymphangion myocytes, in a soft and carefully worked out way, the foot method of systemic body mobilization creates optimal conditions for the correction of the immune system. Thus, it is able to protect the internal environment of the human body from foreign agents.

scholarly journals COVID-19: The third wave of coronavirus infection outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokolovska L ◽  
Sultanova A ◽  
Cistjakovs M ◽  
Murovska M
Keyword(s):  
Third Wave ◽  
The Third ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Lessons from the Third Wave: A reflection on the rediscovery of Corporate Social Responsibility by the mainstream accounting research community

2013 ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M. Patten
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
The Body ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
The Third ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Corporate Social

In this paper, I reflect on what I, as a long-time member of the social and environmentalaccounting community, see as both the positive and negative aspects ofwhat I refer to as the ‘third wave' of corporate social responsibility (CSR) researchby more mainstream accounting researchers. I note that CSR-themed articles havebeen published in the primary mainstream journals, in waves (and a ripple), sincethe 1960s, and I review those contributions. More importantly, I attempt to assesswhat the newest wave of research adds to the body of knowledge, and how thatmight have implications for the social and environmental accounting community.

scholarly journals COVID-19 AND NUTRITION

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
O. Krekhovska-Lepiavko ◽  
B. Lokay ◽  
S. Yastremska ◽  
N. Reha ◽  
O. Bushtynska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dietary Nutrient

Summary. Currently Covid-19 pandemic is a leading challenge across the globe. It is mandatory to attain and maintain good nutritional status to fight against virus. Nutritional status of individual is affected by several factors such as age, sex, health status, life style and medications. Nutritional status of individuals has been used as resilience towards destabilization during this COVID-19 pandemic. Optimal nutrition and dietary nutrient intake impact the immune system, therefore the only sustainable way to survive in current context is to strengthen the immune system. There is no evidence found that supplement can cure the immune system except Vit C, which is one of the best way to improve immune system. A proper diet can ensure that the body is in proper state to defeat the virus. However along with the dietary management guidelines the food safety management and good food practices is compulsory. This article explores the importance of nutrition to boost immunity and gives some professional and authentic dietary guidelines about nutrition and food safety to withstand COVID-19. The aim of the study – to analyze and systematize the literature data about the influence of nutrition on the manifestation of COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods. The study uses publications of the world scientific literature on COVID-19 infection, in particular the causes and mechanisms of its development, treatment, complications and its consequences as well as the influence of different nutrients and nutrasuticals on the course of COVID-19. This review highlights the nutritional interventions to increase the immune response in the body during viral infections, especially considering the novel coronavirus pandemic. Due to their beneficial effects on general healthcare and disease prophylaxis, nutraceuticals have been gaining more and more importance lately. Results. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the nutritional status of individuals has been used as a measure of resilience toward destabilization. Optimal nutrition and dietary nutrient intake impact the immune system through gene expression, cell activation, and signaling molecules modification. In addition, various dietary ingredients are determinants of gut microbial composition and subsequently shape the immune responses in the body. Therefore the existing evidence suggests that the only sustainable way to survive in the current situation is to strengthen the immune system. An adequate intake of zinc, iron, and vitamins A, B 12, B6, C, and E is essential for the maintenance of immune function. In the current scenario, COVID-19 has imposed a new set of challenges for the individual to maintain a healthy diet. The state of self-isolation, lockdown, and social distancing are important measures to flattening the curve of the disease, although these measures have severe repercussions on an individual’s life. The act of confining to one’s home has significant impacts on one’s health, including changes in eating patterns, sleeping habits, and physical activity. It would promote sedentary behaviors that affect mental and physical health and lead to an increased risk of obesity. Fear and anxiety may also cause changes in dietary habits leading to unhealthy dietary patterns and less desire to eat or with lessened enjoyment during eating. Micronutrients are dietary components that may contribute substantially to a robust immune system. Essential micronutrients like vitamins  A, D, E, C, B6, B12, and folate and trace elements such as iron, zinc, and selenium, available in a variety of fresh animal- and plant-based foods, aid the body’s ability to fight infections. Conclusions. COVID-19 became the most challenging pandemic influencing all countries worldwide. A proper and healthy diet can ensure a robust immune system that can resist any onslaught by the virus. A certain amount of particular nutrient saturates into cells and prevents any kind of nutritional deficiency. Individuals consuming well-balanced diets appear to be safer with better immune systems and lower incidence of chronic diseases and infections.

scholarly journals Method of Medvedkov V. D. for the destruction of coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 00079
Author(s):  
Victor Medvedkov
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Accessible Method ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
World Champion ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Full Protection

The human cell is one of the best places to implement the main goal of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus-reproduction. Due to its small size from 80 to 220 nm, it is invisible, highly contagious and pervasive. Full protection from it is possible only with the help of maximum self-isolation. It is impossible when working in society and even when living in a family, i.e. the majority of the world’s population will be infected with it. Plus from infectionthe development of herd immunity to the new coronavirus; cons-loss of part of the alveoli, leading to hypoxia of the body, disruption of the brain and many organs and parts of the individual’s body, sometimes to a cytokine storm and death. To protect the human body from the COVID-19 coronavirus infection, a biologically based, tested, and accessible method is proposed. It consists on the rational use of heat factors and hot alcohol vapors that do not reduce the immune system. The experiment took place on the 66-year-old World champion, 3-time European champion,12-time Russian champion and was successful.

scholarly journals ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СТАНУ ІМУННОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЩУРІВ ПРИ ДІЇ НІТРОБЕНЗОЛУ ТА МЕТИЛТРЕТБУТИЛОВОГО ЕФІРУ В УМОВАХ ХОЛОДОВОГО СТРЕСУ ТА В УМОВАХ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО ОПТИМУМУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Р. О. Бачинський ◽  
Я. О. Бачинська
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Temperature Conditions

The article describes the results of experimental studies aimed at investigating toxic effects of methyl tertbutyl ether [MTBE] and nitrobenzene [NB] according to the criteria of changes in the immune system status of laboratory animals in conditions of cold stress and in conditions of temperature optimum. The research was carried out in the conditions of a subacute experiment (during one month of experiment) on laboratory animals (adult WAG male rats). The NB or MTBE were injected into the stomach at a dosage 1/10 LD50 (70 mg/kg of NB and 500 mg/kg MTBE) thirty times, the experimental animals were kept in two different temperature conditions during four hours five times per week. The animals were divided into 4 groups, six animals in each group. The animals of the first group were subjected to NB or MTBE at an air temperature of 252C (normal ambient temperature). The animals of the second group served as a control group for the first one. The animals of the third group were subjected to NB or MTBE in combination with the lowered air temperature of 4±2℃. The animals of the fourth group were only subjected to the effect of the reduced temperature of 4±20℃, that is, they were a control group for the ones of the third group. The analysis of the results of the experimental data about the features of the immunotoxic action of NB and MTBE under conditions of cold stress indicates the tension of the immune system of the laboratory animals, which is manifested by progressive lymphopenia and a decrease in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils in absorption of foreign agents, especially in the end-period. The immunotoxic effect of NB and MTBE under conditions of temperature optimum indicates a temporary immune system tension, namely leukocytosis and leukopenia at the stage only after 5 and 15 priming. At the end of the priming period, shifts in the immune system's performance under the effect of NB and MTBE under temperature optimum conditions were not observed, which may indicate a positive adaptability of laboratory animals to the action of chemical factors (NB and MTBE) under such temperature conditions. The combined effect of NB and MTBE on the body at the level of their effective concentrations and low temperature causes a detrimental effect on the adaptability of the body. Thus, these chemical compounds at the stage of physiological adaptation, that is before the formation of the pathological process, complicate the formation of specific and nonspecific reactions responsible for the adaptation of the organism to the effect of another factor in the production or environment – a low air temperature. The latter, in turn, creates an additional load on biochemical detoxification systems, leads to their imbalance and changes in the rate of biotransformation of the chemical agent and the speed of development of the toxic process.

scholarly journals Age-dependent disregulation of the immune response in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1005-1016
Author(s):  
A. A. Artemenkov
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Afferent Nerve Endings ◽  
Sensory Pathway ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Brain

The review article analyzes literature data on the issues of immune response dysregulation during aging. It has been shown that impairment of innate and adaptive immune response in elderly and senile people under the conditions of spreading the new coronavirus infection is an aggravating factor in the course of the disease and recovery. Neuro-immuno-endocrine changes occurring in the organs of immune system, immunocompetent cells, molecules and receptor formations involved into the arising immune response have been traced. The imbalance of the brain-intestine-microbiota axis is considered in sufficient details, where a significant role is attributed to the changes occurring in hypothalamic-adrenal system under participation of biogenic neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. It is shown that intestinal microbiota may be involved into the neurodegeneration events, due to toxic effects on the brain via the neuro-immuno-endocrine and metabolic pathways. The data are presented, which show that adrenaline, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin are involved in the immune response dysregulation, thus making this process similar to the changes that occur during the general adaptation syndrome and stress response of the body. On the other hand, the review notes that chronic stress during aging not only alters the activity of macrophages, lymphocytes and dendritic cells, but also increases the level of proinflammatory cytokines in blood, thereby affecting permeability of the blood-brain barrier. The article emphasizes that with body aging, a neuroendocrine sensory pathway of immune response dysregulation is gradually formed. In this regard, it is noted that the afferent nerve endings and neurons of the vagus, adrenergic and peptidergic nerves are involved into dysfunction of immune system by affecting the processes occurring not only in thymus, but also in the brain. However, it is obvious that the pathodynamic “dysadapting circuit” formed in the higher compartments of nervous system is also involved in dysregulatory immune responses during aging. Hence, the work concludes that the signaling networks of the body's regulatory systems (nervous, immune and endocrine) are closely interconnected throughout the lifetime, but with aging and penetration of antigens into the body, this interaction is easily disrupted at different levels of organization of living matter, thus leading to dysregulation.

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