The organisational structure, social networks and criminal activities of outlaw motorcycle gangs: literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bright ◽  
Simone Deegan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Organisational Structures ◽  
The Relationship

Outlaw motorcycle gangs (OMCGs) are often reported to be disproportionately involved in crime. Debate continues about the relationship between the organisational structure of these groups and the extent and types of criminal activities undertaken by group members. A systematic review of the existing literature was conducted to examine the organisational structures that underpin the criminal activity of OMCGs. The available empirical research, though scant, supports the notion that, at least in some clubs or chapters, the structure of OMCGs facilitates criminal activities by individuals or small cliques, sometimes in collaboration with non-members.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Influence of Internal Marketing on Service Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Soheila Raeisi ◽  
Nur Suhaili Ramli ◽  
Meng Lingjie
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Internal Marketing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper aims aimed to present the trends of the literature review in internal marketing and service innovation between 1990 and 2016. The significant reason to conduct this research is that significant variables of internal marketing to link with service innovation are not clearly defined. This research yielded 22 systematic reviews of articles in the Scopus library and adopted a thematic analysis to analyze the data collected. This study provides provided answers to research questions by elaborating on overall trends, objectives, theoretical framework, methodologies, and potential variables that strongly connect between internal marketing and service innovation. While sample sizes are limited to this paper, it suggests suggested fruitful recommendations for future research to overcome this limitation. This research has had two practical implications for managers to redefine their roles and the relationship between members of the organization and to help managers and the firms to consider internal marketing efforts towards motivation, organizational culture, and organizational learning.

scholarly journals Digital Citizenship – A Review of the Academic Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2021) ◽  
pp. 1-XXI
Author(s):  
Birgit Jæger
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Digital Citizenship ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Debate

When digital technologies become a part of everyday life in most parts of society, it changes the way we work, organize, communicate, and make relations. It also changes the relationship between the state and its citizens – a relationship usually conceptualized as citizenship. To capture this transformation, a new concept of digital citizenship has emerged. The overall purpose of this paper is to overcome the fragmentation of knowledge about how citizenship is transformed into digital citizenship through a systematic review of the academic literature on the concept of digital citizenship. The literature review identifies four streams of literature in the academic landscape of digital citizenship, and by a content analysis, it outlines the many dimensions and facets of digital citizenship. In this way, the literature review offers a comprehensive picture of both the impacts of the digital transformation on citizenship and the concept within the academic debate.

The association between nonsuicidal and suicidal self-injurious behaviors: A systematic review and expanded theoretical model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Ammerman ◽  
Taylor A. Burke ◽  
Caitlin M. O'Loughlin ◽  
Rebecca Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Pathway Model ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is one of the strongest predictors of suicidal behavior. Despite this, the field still has a limited understanding of the mechanisms by which this relationship is conferred. As there has been a proliferation of research in this area over the past decade, an updated systematic review of the empirical research examining potential factors driving the relationship between NSSI and suicide-related outcomes is needed to move the field forward. We identified only 18 studies examining moderators or mediators of the relationship. Research to date does little to improve our understanding of the robust, prospective relationship between NSSI and suicide outcomes, highlighting a foundational gap in both the empirical and theoretical literature. Thus, we propose the Nonsuicidal to Suicidal Self-Injury Pathway Model, an expanded theoretical model of this relationship drawing on extant theory and empirical research, as well as discuss future directions for work in this area.

Uso de implantes dentais em pacientes com bruxismo

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (46) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Menandro dos Santos Garcia ◽  
Ricardo Jun Furuyama ◽  
Dalter Silva Favarete ◽  
Nasser Hussein Fares
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Occlusal Vertical Dimension ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Dentition with severe wear in patients stricken by bruxism is a challenge due to loss of dental structure and occlusal vertical dimension and the temporomandibular implications. Bruxism is presented as a contraindication in cases of dental implants. This systematic review was carried out by examining the electronic literature available at PubMed and Google Scholar from 2010 to 2020 in Portuguese, English and Spanish languages. The review details the relationship between bruxism and dental implant failure in contrast to temporomandibular disorders, presenting the following conclusions: a) bruxism is a contributing factor to the occurrence of technical / biological complications of the dental implant and plays an important role in the failure of the dental implant; b) the anamnesis must be detailed to confirm sleep or day bruxism; c) the control of bruxism through the use of occlusal stabilization device may provide relief in the implants region and it is highly recommended. The aim of this literature review was to summarize the influences of different potential risk factors on the incidence of late dental implant failure. The protocol for this systematic review was prepared and implemented based on PRISMA guideline – Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

scholarly journals Banditry (article 257 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), robbery (article 187 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), extortion (article 189 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and problems of the relationship between these crimes

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Violetta MYRHOROD ◽  
Oksana VOLODINA
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Transfer Property ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Object Composition ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subjective Side

This paper examines the relationship between banditry, robbery committed by an organized, armed group of people and extortion, and the main normative sources of domestic legislation. In addition, official statistics provided to the Prosecutor General's Office of Ukraine were examined to assess the prevalence and risk of banditry. The author analyzes the features of the corpus delicti, their qualifications, and problematic issues in the application of this knowledge in the practice of law enforcement and judicial authorities. The articles cover certain aspects of robbery, such as burglary and violence or the threat of intrusion. Particular attention is paid to the main features of the gang, namely: the number of subjects of the crime; stability; armament; the general purpose of the group members; way of committing a crime. Parallels were drawn between banditry and robbery, especially in terms of armaments, distribution of tasks between accomplices, their relationship, subordination and provision of a plan for further criminal activity. In distinguishing between robbery and extortion, a characteristic difference was established in the time limits of violence or the threat of its use: in robbery, they are aimed at taking possession of property immediately at the time of their use; in extortion: actions that involve violence or the threat of its use, aimed at obtaining property, as well as the requirement to transfer property, combined with the threat to use violence against the victim or his close relatives in the future. Also the actions which are offered for qualification in actions of the person of signs of investigated structures of crimes are defined. The types of damage caused to victims are analyzed. Based on the study, the author concludes that banditry, robbery and extortion are different in their criminal law nature of crimes, which have their own unique features and differ significantly in the objects of encroachment, the objective parties, somewhat coinciding only object composition and subjective side.

scholarly journals An interpreter advantage in executive functions?

Interpreting ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soudabeh Nour ◽  
Esli Struys ◽  
Evy Woumans ◽  
Ily Hollebeke ◽  
Hélène Stengers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The aim of this systematic literature review was to answer the question of which executive function is most affected by interpreter training and experience. We used the ‘unity and diversity’ framework of executive functions to distinguish between three executive components: Response and Distractor Inhibition, Shifting, and Updating. Among the seventeen studies included in the review, we only found evidence for an interpreter advantage on Shifting and Updating, but with a different pattern for each of these. With regard to Updating, groups of interpreters scored better than comparison groups, but general trend in longitudinal studies did not show an improvement for interpreter trainees. In contrast, for Shifting, scores improved as a result of interpreting training. Our systematic review stresses the importance of understanding the diversity of executive processes when investigating the relationship between interpreting and cognitive performance.

scholarly journals A systematic review of investment opportunity set and dividend policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Hamad Raza ◽  
Syed Muhammad Ahmad Hassan Gillani ◽  
Muhammad Ishfaq ◽  
Saif ul Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Factors

There are numerous factors that affects corporate dividend policy and investment opportunity set is among one of the significant factors. Investor are interested to make investments in those firms, which provide benefit and prosperity to shareholders and investors. As investors expect return on investment in the form of dividends. The present study aimed to overview the overall literature published on the relationship of investment opportunity set and dividend policy. For this purpose, articles are selected from the literature published on Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The research methodology adopted the stepwise screening procedure of the PRISMA guidelines and final 28 studies are included for the systematic literature review. After critically analyzing the selected studies, the findings suggests that investment opportunity set is a factor that significantly effect dividend policy. Moreover, the result demonstrates that the interest in the topic of investment opportunity set and its influence on dividend policy is growing. Furthermore, the trend of researchers and academicians to publish their research work is more towards journals-based articles rather than conference articles.

scholarly journals The relationship between aesthetics, perceived value and buying intention: a literature review and conceptual framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong Viet Le-Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to synthesize the scales of aesthetics, the perceived value of the consumers for the intention to buy smartphones. At the same time, this analyzes the relationship between aesthetics, perceived value and intention to purchase, thereby the study suggests the research model which can be applied in other places, other contexts, and related fields. The method in this study is to summarize the systematics theories and compare the relevant studies. As a result, this research can develop research hypotheses. The main results of the proposed model are to explore the scales and find out the relationship between aesthetics, perceived value and intention to buy smartphones directly and indirectly. Moreover, empirical research can, based on the proposed conceptual framework, be studied for different countries or technology-related products such as computers, tablets, and other smart devices.

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