scholarly journals Assessing the Primary Causes of Hypertension in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Khan ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Ghufran Dr ◽  
Ghulam Nabi ◽  
Asma Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Hypertension also called a silent killer is a serious problem. The numbers of hypertensive patients are increasing day by day. The present study aim to assess the primary causes of hypertension in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data for the study were collected from 298 hypertensive patients who were admitted or visited to Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar as patients. Simple random sampling method was used for selection of the sampled respondents. The results indicate a significant association between hypertension and the level of education (P=.000). Educated people were found not only having more information about hypertension but also found more conscious about the disease (P=.000), while no or low level of educated patients were reported not only caring (P.000) the hypertension but also were not consulting doctors (P=.000). Sampled hypertensive patients were also agreed that regular use of antihypertensive medicines (P=.000), easy supply of medicines (P=.001), regular exercise (P=.000) and regular check-up of blood pressure (P.000) can help maintain blood pressure in normal range while irregularity in taking of medicines (P=.000) and sedentary life style (P=.000) contributed to high blood pressure. Dietary habits (P=.005) such as junk food (P=.000) and spicy diet (P.000) reported affected the blood pressure. Regarding precautions significant association was found with life style modification (P=.000), regular check-up of blood pressure (P=.000), regular exercise (P=.036), weight reduction (P=.001), avoid alcohol consumption (P=.000), stopped smoking (P=.000) and avoid stress (P=.002) along with more use of vegetables and fruits (P=.001). On the other hand hypertension was also associated significantly with the people who have obesity (P=.004), lake of exercise P=.000), old people (P=.034), low socio-economic status (P=.000), kidney diseases (P=.000), endocrine diseases (P=.000), excessive salt intake (P=.008), low potassium intake (P=.010) and family history (P=.001). Individually and psychologically the hypertension can also be due to alcohol intake (P=.000), cigarette smoking (P=.000), sedentary life style (P=.000), lake of exercise (P=.000), lake of knowledge about the signs, symptoms of hypertension (P=.000), its causes (P=.000), and precautions (P=.000). Study recommends that in order to control hypertension, a special attention is needed to follow the precautions about hypertension, diet plan, regular check-up of blood pressure, awareness about the disease and avoid stress.

scholarly journals Psychological Understanding of Hypertension- Ayurvedic Perspective

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3561-3565
Author(s):  
M. Jithesh ◽  
PU Sreeram ◽  
P. Gowrisankar ◽  
K. Asha Karunakaran ◽  
S. Aswathy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Psychological Understanding ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Hypertension is the condition where blood pressure is elevated chronically. It has multiple factors such as genetic, environmental and life style. The Stress which is usually having a role in the scenario, usually is left unaddressed and the condition is managed only with the anti-hypertensives. Discussion of hypertension in the perspective of Ayurveda is a debatable area till now. Hṛdaya considered to be the root place of hypertension, has its origin from Rakta and Kapha in the normal state of development. Being abode for consciousness, senses, mind, soul etc. it is to be taken as a conglomeration of somatic, psychic as well as spiritual entities. Śṛama, Mōha, Mūṛchā which is exhibited in the circumstances of alteration of ojus such as Ōjakṣaya/ Ōjōvyāpath, can be observed in elevated blood pressure situations. Tridōṣa also contributes a major role in the development of hypertension through their dysfunctions. While considering the Nidāna paṉcaka of stress associated hypertension, negative emotions such as fear, anxiety, anger and excessive thoughts are always going in parallel to the unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary life style. A multidisciplinary approach may be ideal and quite useful in such situations. Ayurvedic principles along with the practices of yoga can improve positive health in this intricate scenario.

scholarly journals Impaired immune response mediated by prostaglandin E2 promotes severe COVID-19 disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255335
Author(s):  
Melanie Ricke-Hoch ◽  
Elisabeth Stelling ◽  
Lisa Lasswitz ◽  
Antonia P. Gunesch ◽  
Martina Kasten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has led to a pandemic with millions of people affected. The present study finds that risk-factors for severe COVID-19 disease courses, i.e. male sex, older age and sedentary life style are associated with higher prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) serum levels in blood samples from unaffected subjects. In COVID-19 patients, PGE2 blood levels are markedly elevated and correlate positively with disease severity. SARS-CoV-2 induces PGE2 generation and secretion in infected lung epithelial cells by upregulating cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 and reducing the PG-degrading enzyme 15-hydroxyprostaglandin-dehydrogenase. Also living human precision cut lung slices (PCLS) infected with SARS-CoV-2 display upregulated COX-2. Regular exercise in aged individuals lowers PGE2 serum levels, which leads to increased Paired-Box-Protein-Pax-5 (PAX5) expression, a master regulator of B-cell survival, proliferation and differentiation also towards long lived memory B-cells, in human pre-B-cell lines. Moreover, PGE2 levels in serum of COVID-19 patients lowers the expression of PAX5 in human pre-B-cell lines. The PGE2 inhibitor Taxifolin reduces SARS-CoV-2-induced PGE2 production. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2, male sex, old age, and sedentary life style increase PGE2 levels, which may reduce the early anti-viral defense as well as the development of immunity promoting severe disease courses and multiple infections. Regular exercise and Taxifolin treatment may reduce these risks and prevent severe disease courses.

scholarly journals The prevalence and predictors of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic population of Punjab, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 047-053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shallu Khullar ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Harjot Dhillon ◽  
Ritu Sharma ◽  
Kanchan Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Abstract Background: The present cross sectional study was carried out on 516 subjects with type 2 diabetes from a tertiary health care hospital to identify the prevalence and predictors of cognitive impairment in diabetes. Materials and Methods: Cognitive impairment was tested using Mini Mental Scale Examination (MMSE), Trail making tests-A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B). Efficiency of these tests to diagnose cognitive impairment was analysed using reliability index (Cronbach's α = 0.82), which ruled out any internal inconsistency. Of the study participants, 174 (33.73%) met the criteria for cognitive impairment and 342 (66.27%) were having normal cognition. Out of 174, 156 diabetic subjects (89.65 percent) were not diagnosed for neurocognitive impairment prior participation. Results: Cognitive impairment was observed to be strongly associated with being a woman (P < 0.001), divorced or separated (P = 0.007), sedentary life style (P = 0.001), smoking (P < 0.001), drinking alcohol (P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure >120 mmHg (P = 0.003), triglycerides (TG) >150 mg/dl (P = 0.001), high density lipoprotein <40 mg/dl (P = 0.001), statin use (P = 0.009), waist hip ratio in both males and females (P = 0.001), glucose levels >125 mg/dl (P = 0.005) and duration of diabetes >2 years upto 10 years and more than 10 years (P = 0.001) in univariate testing. In multivariate logistic regression model, being a woman was an independent risk factor for cognitive decline, which is two fold higher (OR 2.00 95%CI 1.25-3.20, P = 0.004) than being a man. Other risk factors like glucose levels > 125 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure >120 mmHg, sedentary life style and duration of diabetes >10 years emerged as independent predictors of cognitive impairment in diabetes. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study revealed that higher prevalence of cognitive impairment in diabetes is evident in population of Punjab, especially in women and majority of these patients remain undiagnosed for it.

scholarly journals Awareness about Life-style Modication in Hypertensive Patients Residing in Natore District, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Sumanta Kumer Saha ◽  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Md Asadul Millat ◽  
Ramendra Nath Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Life Style Change ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objective: For better control of hypertension, behavior (knowledge, attitude and practice) of hypertensive patients about life-style change is essential. This study was done to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of hypertensive patients regarding life-style change needed to control of hypertension. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Natore General Hospital, Natore over a period of 4 months from September to December, 2015. A total of 50 adult hypertensive patients suffering from the disease for at least six months were included in the study. Of them 20 were selected from patients attending at the Outpatient Department of Medicine, Natore General Hospital and 30 were selected by snowballing. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and the levels of knowledge and practice status were measured on Likert Scale (0-4). Score ‘1’ was assigned for each correct answer and score ‘0’ for each wrong answer, except for two knowledge-related questions where highest score was ‘2’ and the lowest was ‘0’. As there were more than one question in assessing respondents’ perception and practice, combined scores were used to measure the intended behaviour. Results: The result showed that about two-thirds (66%) of the respondents lie between 4th and 5th decades of life with mean age being 48.4 years (range: 17 – 80 ears). Male to female ratio was roughly 1:1. Majority (96%) of the respondents was married. Primary level educated formed about one-third (32%) of the respondents followed by HSC (20%), graduation (18%) and illiterate (16%). Nearly half (46%) of the respondents was poor. Seventy percent of the respondents’ blood pressure was beyond control at the time of interview with mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures being 140 and 92 mmHg respectively. More than half (54%) of the respondents’ duration of hypertension was < 5 years with median duration being 3 years. Over one-quarter (28%) was adequately aware and two-thirds (68%) were partially aware of lifestyle modification and most (88%) of the respondents’ source of information was doctor. Although majority (84%) was informed of life-style change from their doctors, only 28.6% of them considered those advices to be adequate to bring about effective change in their life-style. Majority (92%) held the view that additional salt to be avoided followed by smoking cessation or tobacco chewing (88%), diet control (84%) and having regular exercise (82%). A substantial proportion (72%) also put emphasis to weight reduction. In terms of practice, over two-thirds (70%) adopted change in their life-style to control blood pressure. Of them 20(57.1%) were practicing diet control, another 20(57.1%) avoiding added salt with meals and 10(28.5%) quitted smoking for reducing the chance of having heart attack or stroke in future. Ten (20%) respondents were used to smoking at the time of interview. Of them 7(70%) intended to give up the habit. Half (52%) of the respondents took exercise but the rate of performing regular exercise (5 days in a week) was only 19.3%. Those who were not used to taking exercise, 16.7% of them told that they did not have spare time to have exercise, about 30% told that the role of exercise on blood pressure control was not known to them, another 30% tried but failed to continue and 20.8% were reluctant to take exercise. More than half (56%) of the respondents’ level of knowledge was satisfactory, followed by 30% more or less satisfactory and 14% poor. However, about one-third (32%) of the respondents’ practice level was satisfactory, 34% more or less satisfactory, 24% poor, 8% very poor and only 2% highly satisfactory. Conclusion: The knowledge level of hypertensive patients about their life-style change is far below the desired level. The practice level is even low meaning that not all the respondents having knowledge about life-style modification translated the same into practice This indicates that there lies a gap between perception & practice which act as a barrier to motivation. Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 23-30

scholarly journals Undiagnosed Hypertension and Its Associated Factors Among Adult People Living in Southern Ethiopia: Discovery From Gunchire Woreda of Gurage Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Demamu Haligamo ◽  
Abinet Ayalew ◽  
Hilina Genemo ◽  
Nega Yiriga
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Background: Hypertension is defined as two or more readings of systolic blood pressure measurement of 130 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure measurement of 80 mm Hg or higher. Symptoms of hypertension (HTN) are often not detectable at early stages and because of this many people with the disease are mostly left undiagnosed. Undiagnosed HTN is the one that increases the risk of complications such as renal failure, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke and premature death. There is no report concerning undiagnosed hypertension in the area. This study is aimed to assess prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors among adult peoples.Method: Community based Cross-sectional study design was conducted. English version questionnaire was used to collect data from 574 households. The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS version.23. The association between dependent and independent variables was tested by using multivariate regression at P-value less than 0.05 and 95% CI.Result: Out of 590 participants, 108 (18.8%) respondents were cigarette smokers and 143 (24.9%) were khat chewers. About 106 (18.5%) of respondents have sedentary lifestyle. A total of 260 (45.3%) of respondents were identified as having undiagnosed hypertension. Respondents having sedentary life style had about 2.24 time’s higher risk of undiagnosed HTN than those who didn’t have sedentary life style. BMI, sedentary life style, cigarettes smoking, health seeking behavior, dietary habit and monthly income were significant predictors of undiagnosed HTN.Conclusion: Based on the identified high prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension, the finding suggests awareness creation for community members about undiagnosed hypertension, its symptoms and ways of managing it.

Role of Panchakarma in the management of Hypothyroidism

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Suraj Kumbar ◽  
Dr.Lohith BA ◽  
Dr.Ashvinikumar M ◽  
Dr. Amritha R ◽  
Dr. Shameem Banu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Life Style ◽  
The Body ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

We are in technical era where there is more of sedentary life style and stress along with this urbanization is affecting our quality of food and health. This is leading to many lifestyle disorders and hormonal imbalances in our body. Hypothyroidism one among the endocrinal disorder. Thyroid is an endocrinal gland secrets T3 and T4 hormones regulated by TSH which is secreted by Pituitary gland. These hormones have two major effects on the body, 1) To increase the overall metabolic rate in the body 2) To stimulate growth in children. Hypothyroidism is common health issue in India. The highest prevalence of hypothyroidism (13.1%) is noted in people aged 46-54yrs old. With people aged 18-35 yrs being less affected (7.5%). To prevent these hazards Panchakarma is beneficiary to maintain metabolic rate. Here an attempt is made to diagnose hypothyroidism in the light of Ayurveda and management guidelines through Panchakarma.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Lipid Profile Between Sedentary and Non Sedentary Workers

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Iftekhar Mahmood ◽  
MM Rahman Khan ◽  
M Khalilur Rahman ◽  
MM Hoque Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

In different epidemiological studies, an association between sedentary life style and incidence of cardiovascular diseases has been demonstrated. Dyslipidaemia is one of the important risk factors of cardiovascular disease. An association of dyslipidaemia with sedentary life style has been considered. This study was carried out among 50 sedentary workers (teachers, office staffs, bank employees) at Pabna District and 50 individuals with non-sedentary jobs matched for age group and sex for the control group to see the association. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), plasma level of glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (Tgs) were found to be significantly higher whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) was found to be significantly lower among the sedentary workers as compared with the control subjects. From the study, it appears that dyslipidaemia is more common in sedentary workers and the relative risk for cardiovascular disease is increased among them due to the sedentary nature of their jobs. DOI: 10.3329/taj.v22i1.5014 TAJ 2009; 22(1): 10-14

Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors among Bank Workers in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gosaye Teklehaymanot Zewde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

Background: Hypertension clinically defined as a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or more on at least two readings on separated time. It is one of the most prevalent non communicable diseases and the most important preventable risk factor for premature death worldwide, due to heart disease and stroke. It is the most important modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, end stage renal disease and peripheral vascular diseases. Objective: To assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among bank workers in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia 2018. Methods and material: Institutions based cross sectional study was conducted on 149 Bank workers in 6 governmental and 19 private banks which were found in Harar Town. Sample was allocated proportionately and study participant was selected by simple random sampling. Collected and checked data were entered in to Epi Data software version 3.02 and exported and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics were used to determine prevalence such as frequency, percentage, mean and ratio. Both Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were used to observe the association between the outcome variable and associated factors. P value less than 0.2 in Bivariate analysis was transferred to multivariate analysis and P value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered as level of statistically significance. Result: The prevalence of hypertension on this study was 27.5 %. Among study participant 6(4%) had diagnosed with hypertension and only 3 (2%) had on treatment and follow- up. 26(17.4%) bank workers BMI Was obsessed. In multivariable logistic regression analysis Age, Sedentary life style and BMI of bank workers had significant association with hypertension. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of Hypertension in the study was 27.5% Age, Sedentary life style and BMI (Obesity) in this study was positively associated with higher odds of having hypertension. Regular blood monitoring, conducting physical exercise and reduction of Alcohol consumption and street Treatment care and follow-up strategy need to be maintained.

Review of concept of vihara with special reference to viharaja hetu of amlapitta.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranibala Nemade
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

The modern world is currently facing an epidemic of life style related diseases as a result of improper diet,sedentary life style and stress.Ayurveda has great contribution in prevention of the diseases as well as treatment of diseases.Ayurveda has given equal importance to Ahara and Vihara.All types of activities are included in Vihara.Vihara is a very broad concept.It has a key role in Swasthavrutta,Nidana and Chikitsa.The present article mainly focuses on the Nidana (Hetu-reason) aspect of Vihara as the Nidana Parivarjana is the prime treatment of any disease. Modern era’s changing lifestyle along with changing food culture has given birth to various diseases.Amlapitta is one of the most common diseases seen in the society.The disease Amlapitta is not directly mentioned in Bruhatrayi.Acharya Kashaypa was the first to describe Amlapitta as a disease.Viharaja  Hetu play important role in the pathogenesis of Amlapitta.

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