Comparative Expression Analysis of Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers CD44 and ALDH1A1 in Various Skin Cancer Subtypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Erfani ◽  
Raheleh Roudi ◽  
Azadeh Rakhshan ◽  
Mehrdad Nasrollahzadeh Sabet ◽  
Ahmad Shariftabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Melanoma Tumor ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Clinicopathological Significance

Introduction Skin cancers, particularly melanoma, are initiated and maintained by a subpopulation of tumor cells expressing stemness markers that are called cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels and clinicopathological significance of the putative CSC markers CD44 and ALDH1A1 in patients with skin cancer. Methods The expression levels of CD44 and ALDH1A1 were investigated in 107 skin cancer specimens including 58 (54%) basal cell carcinomas (BCC), 37 (35%) squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and 12 (11%) melanomas using the tissue microarray (TMA) technique. The correlation of the expression levels of these markers and clinicopathological parameters was then analyzed. Results The expression levels of CD44 and ALDH1A1 were significantly higher in melanoma patients than patients with SCC or BCC (p<0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). A higher level of CD44 expression was more often found in melanoma tumor cells with a higher rate of recurrence (p = 0.029) and in SCC cases with ulceration (p = 0.01), while there was no significant correlation between ALDH1A1 expression and other clinicopathological parameters. Similarly, coexpression of CD44 and ALDH1A1 (CD44high/ALDH1A1high) was significantly observed in melanoma samples (p<0.001). Conclusions These findings suggest that a CD44high/ALDH1A1high phenotype in melanoma and a CD44high phenotype in SCC can be considered candidates for targeted therapy of skin cancers aiming at CSCs.

scholarly journals Rationales for the Use of Cancer Stem Cells Markers in the Staging of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Abd-Alkader Mahmood ◽  
Amer Talib Tawfeeq ◽  
Israa Mhdi Al-Sudani ◽  
Zaynab Saad Abd-Alghni
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a standard procedure for the detection of thyroid nodules malignancy, yet 10-25% of the sample diagnosed may go undetermined or suspicious. The utility of cancer stem cell markers (CSCM) as a differential diagnosis molecular marker in nodules of suspicious decision in FNAB was hypothesized. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and thyroid fibroadenoma (TFA) samples were selected to test the hypothesis. The samples employed in this study were from patients who had thyroid hyperplasia and a suspicious or undetermined diagnosis by FNAB. The patient underwent a successful thyroidectomy at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad between January 2015 and December 2017. All nodule samples underwent a systematic histopathological examination after resection. Tumors diagnosed as PTC and those diagnosed as fibroadenoma (TFA) were selected for this study. Collectively 39 PTC and 11 TFA nodules were included. Quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to determine levels of mRNA and proteins of CSCM ALDH1A1, CD44, ABCG2, and Oct3/4 in both types of tumors were used. This study revealed that the expression levels of CSCM were significantly increased in PTC tissues when compared to benign tissues and the positive correlation was found between the CSCM expression levels and tumor stage, size, and gender. In conclusion, for a more precise diagnosis, we suggest these markers be included in what is currently available to characterize malignancy from what is not in thyroid cancer, as well as for the staging process of PTC.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Glioblastoma by Comparing Tumor Cells with Stem-cell-like Cell Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1567-1583
Author(s):  
Divya G.
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Microarray Dataset ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers

Aim. The aim of this study is to identify differential gene expression for glioblastoma tumor cells, normoxic and hypoxic glioblastoma stem-like cell lines. Finding the upregulated and downregulated gene and pathway interactions. Analysis to find the differential expression genes and pathway interactions. Materials and methods. The gene expression profiling data from the microarray dataset GSE45117 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, as well as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 2 categories, are used in this analysis. 4 Samples of Glioblastoma tumors were considered as group 1 and 4 samples of normoxic and Hypoxic glioblastoma stem-like cell lines were considered as group 2 in the GEO2R web tool that has been used to screen them. Results. The gene-gene interactions among the DEGs and the GGI network with 37 nodes and 13 edges. The stem-cell-like cell lines showed lower expression of endothelin-related genes such as EDN3 and EDNRA along with dysregulation of enzymes such as PDK1, PGK1 which points to dysregulation of cellular respiratory pathways. This effect in consensus with under expression of cell attachment genes such as COL2A1, COL5A2, COL15A1 denotes a strong shift toward metastasis. Conclusion. Thus, a computational pipeline for identifying the significant genes and pathways involved in the glioblastoma tumors and glioblastoma stem-like cell lines. This study provides a path towards discovering potential leads for the treatment of glioblastoma and aids in comprehending the underlying novel molecular mechanisms.

Clinicopathological significance of cancer stem cell markers CD44 and ALDH1 expression in breast cancer

Breast Cancer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahani Louhichi ◽  
Sonia Ziadi ◽  
Hanene Saad ◽  
Myriam Ben Dhiab ◽  
Sarra Mestiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Aldh1 Expression ◽  
Clinicopathological Significance

scholarly journals Relationship between CD 163 Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Colorectal-Cancer Stem Cell Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1381-1386
Author(s):  
Imelda Rey ◽  
Agung Putra ◽  
Dharma Lindarto ◽  
Fauzi Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cd163 Expression

BACKGROUND: Colorectal-cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs) represent a specific subpopulation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, which are characterized by the expression of CD133 and CD166. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), found near CSCs may represent polarized macrophages, which are characterized by CD163 expression. In most tumors, TAMs may promote aggressive tumor development, leading to poor prognoses. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine whether any association exists between CD163 expression in TAMs and CD133 and CD166 expression in CR-CSCs. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design that was conducted at the General Hospital and affiliates in Medan, from September 2018 to July 2019. CRC tissues were collected from colonoscopy biopsies and surgical resections performed on CRC patients, who fulfilled all necessary inclusion and exclusion criteria and provided informed consent. Subjects were divided into high- and low-CD163-level groups. We analyzed the expression levels of CD163, CD133, and CD166 using immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. RESULTS: A total of 118 CRC patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 58.5% were male. No significant differences in hemoglobin, leukocyte, or platelet levels were observed between high- and low-level CD163 expression. We didn’t find any significant association of CD163 TAM with CRC histological grade and TNM stagings. Significant associations were found between the CD 163 expression level and the CD133 expression level (p < 0.001) and between the CD 163 expression level and the CD166 expression level (p< 0.001). Increased TAM levels of CD163 was associated with 2.770-fold and 2.616-fold increased risks of elevated CD133 and CD166 levels, respectively. CONCLUSION: An association was found between the expression levels of CD163 in TAMs and the expression levels of CD133 and CD166 in CR-CSCs.

scholarly journals Significant co-expression of putative cancer stem cell markers, EpCAM and CD166, correlates with tumor stage and invasive behavior in colorectal cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Kalantari ◽  
Tahereh Taheri ◽  
Saba Fata ◽  
Maryam Abolhasani ◽  
Mitra Mehrazma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Elevated Expression

Abstract Background The crucial oncogenic role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor maintenance, progression, drug resistance, and relapse has been clarified in different cancers, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). The current study was conducted to evaluate the co-expression pattern and clinical significance of epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM) and activated leukocyte cell adhesion (CD166 or ALCAM) in CRC patients. Methods This study was carried out on 458 paraffin-embedded CRC specimens by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray (TMA) slides. Results Elevated expression of EpCAM and CD166 was observed in 61.5% (246/427) and 40.5% (164/405) of CRC cases. Our analysis showed a significant positive association of EpCAM expression with tumor size (P = 0.02), tumor stage (P = 0.007), tumor differentiate (P = 0.005), vascular (P = 0.01), neural (P = 0.01), and lymph node (P = 0.001) invasion. There were no significant differences between CD166 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, the combined analysis demonstrated a reciprocal significant correlation between EpCAM and CD166 expression (P = 0.02). Interestingly, there was a significant positive correlation between EpCAM/CD166 phenotypes expression and tumor stage (P = 0.03), tumor differentiation (P = 0.05), neural, and lymph node invasion (P =0.01). Conclusions The significant correlation of EpCAM and CD166 expression and their association with tumor progression and aggressive behavior is the reason for the suggestion of these two CSC markers as promising targets to promote novel effective targeted-therapy strategies for cancer treatment in the present study.

scholarly journals A comparative study of Long Interspersed Element-1 Protein Immunoreactivity in Cutaneous Malignancies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Zolfaghari ◽  
Abbas Karimi ◽  
Elham Kalantari ◽  
Alireza Korourian ◽  
Alireza Ghanadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Tumor Subtypes ◽  
Protein Immunoreactivity ◽  
Long Interspersed Element

Abstract Background: Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and commonly classified into malignant melanoma (MM) and Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), which mainly include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The extent to which Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1, L1) ORF1p is expressed in cutaneous malignancies remains to be evaluated. This study aimed to assess LINE-1 ORF1p immunoreactivity in various skin cancer subtypes. Method:The expression level of LINE-1 ORF1p was evaluated in 95 skin cancer specimens comprising 36 (37.9%) BCC, 28 (29.5%) SCC, and 31 (32.6%) melanoma using the tissue microarray (TMA) technique. Then the association between expression of LINE-1 encoded protein and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. Results: We showed that LINE-1 ORF1p expression level was substantially higher in BCC and SCC patients compared with melanoma samples (p < 0.001). BCC cases had a higher LINE-1 histochemical score (H-score) compared with SCC cases (p = 0.004). In SCC samples, a lower level of LINE-1 ORF1p expression was associated with age younger than the mean (p = 0.041). At the same time, no significant correlation was found between LINE-1 ORF1p expression and other clinicopathological parameters (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: According to our observation, LINE-1 ORF1p immunoreactivity in various skin tumor subtypes extends previous studies of LINE-1 expression in different cancers. LINE-1ORF1p overexpression in NMSCs compared with MM can be considered with caution as a tumor-specific antigen for NMSCs.

scholarly journals Cancer stem cell markers in adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands - reliable prognostic markers?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Spiegel ◽  
Mark Jakob ◽  
Marie Kruizenga ◽  
Saskia Freytag ◽  
Mattis Bertlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Prognostic Parameters ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Major Salivary Glands

Abstract Purpose Adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands is of low incidence and a broad range of histopathological subtypes. Cancer stem cell markers (CSC) might serve as novel prognostic parameters. To date, only a few studies examined the expression of CSC in adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands with diverging results. To further investigate the reliability in terms of prognostic value, a histopathological analysis of CSCs on a cohort of patients with adenocarcinomas of the major salivary glands was performed. Methods Tumor samples of 40 consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the major salivary gland treated with curative intend at one tertiary center were stained with the CSCs ALDH1, BMI-1, CD44, Nanog, and SOX2. Expression of these markers was correlated with clinicopathological parameters and survival estimates. Results Correlation of high expression of ALDH1 with higher grading (p < 0.001) and high expression of CD44 with the localization of the neoplasm (p = 0.05), larger tumor size (p = 0.006), positive pN-category (p = 0.023), and advanced UICC stage (p = 0.002) was found. Furthermore, high expression of SOX2 correlated with a negative perineural invasion (p = 0.02). No significant correlation of any investigated marker with survival estimates was observed. Conclusion In conclusion, our study did not find a significant correlation of the investigated CSCs with survival estimates in adenocarcinoma of the major salivary glands. Recapitulating the results of our study in conjunction with data in the literature, the CSCs ALDH1, BMI-1, CD44, Nanog, and SOX2 do not seem to serve as reliable prognostic parameters in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document