Epidemiological profile of childhood deaths caused by intercurrences of epilepsy in Brazil between 2010 and 2019

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders among children, with a higher incidence in the first year of life. An accurate epilepsy diagnosis is essential for a proper treatment. Objectives: To assess the rates of childhood deaths from epilepsy in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive documentary study based on data from 2010 to 2019 in Brazil. Methods: Evaluating data provided by DATASUS, the information department of Brazil’s publicly funded health care system (SUS). Results: 238 infant deaths due to epilepsy were documented in Brazil during the studied period. The Southeast region had the highest rates, representing 31.51% of the total deaths, followed by the Northeast region, 29.83%, the South region, 18.91%, and the North region, 11.34%. Considering the population in each region, the North had the highest relative rates, followed by the Midwest, Northeast, South and Southeast regions. In the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 the highest death rates were documented, a total of 93 (39.08%). Regarding gender, boys had more deaths, 142 (59.66%) and girls 96 (40.34%). The most affected color / race was white, 133 deaths (55.88%), followed by brown, 79 (33.19%). Blacks and Indians registered the lowest rates, 2.52% each. Conclusion: A predominance of infant deaths due to epilepsy is noticed in the North, which points to the need for greater investment in health in this region, since there was a progressive increase in mortality. It was also found that the male gender and white color are risk factors for complications of the disease.

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Thinlip grey mullet Liza ramada (Mugilidae) caught in a

Fauna norvegica ◽

10.5324/fn.v26i0.571 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

Author(s):

Bror Jonsson ◽

Nina Jonsson

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Total Mass ◽

First Year ◽

English Channel ◽

Grey Mullet ◽

Font Size ◽

Growth Season ◽

The North ◽

The North Sea ◽

First Year Of Life

Two individuals of thinlip grey mullet Liza ramada were collected in a southern Norwegian brook (58° 22’ N, 8° 37’ E) on 12th September 2007. The fish were 8.7 and 9.0 cm in total length, 6 and 7 g in total mass, and most probably in their first year of life. The nearest known spawning area of the species is south of the English Channel, meaning that they had probably moved at least 900 km across the North Sea during their first growth season. To our knowledge, this is the first published observation of the catadromous thinlip grey mullet from a Scandinavian freshwater course.

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STUDIES IN SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.14.3.209 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 209-214

Author(s):

ROLAND B. SCOTT ◽

LELABELLE C. FREEMAN ◽

ANGELLA D. FERGUSON

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell ◽

Sickle Cell Anemia ◽

Sickle Cell Trait ◽

Age Groups ◽

Test Group ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

First Year ◽

Older Children ◽

Low Incidence ◽

First Year Of Life

This survey of 1100 Negro children in various age categories was undertaken to determine the effect of age upon the appearance of the sickling phenomenon from infancy throughout childhood. The general incidence of sickling in 1100 Negro children including sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait was 7.4%. The data on the incidence of the asymptomatic sickling trait and of sickle cell anemia are summarized by age and sex in Tables I and II. We encountered 22 cases of sickle anemia, seven of which were previously undiagnosed and unknown. Sixteen cases of sickle cell anemia in males and six in females were encountered in the total test group, comprising 651 males and 449 females. This investigation disclosed 60 subjects bearing the asymptomatic sickling trait. There were 40 and 20 instances of asymptomatic sickling observed in 635 males and 443 females, respectively. When the sexes were divided into two age categories (1 month through 4 years and 5 years through 16 years), there was an actual decrease in the incidence of sickling in the girls and an increase in the sickling phenomenon in the boys. We have no explanation for this finding. The overall incidence of the sickling trait for both sexes in all age groups represents no significant deviation from a 1:1 ratio. The data available from this study failed to disclose a definite progressive increase in the incidence of sickling in the age groups studied. Quantitatively the general transition from the low incidence of sickling in the newborn (3.4%) to the higher occurrence in older children (7.5%) apparently takes place during the first year of life. Additional studies of both a qualitative and quantitative nature and involving a detailed age breakdown during the first year of life would probably elucidate this period of transition.

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Neonatal and Infant Mortality in Relation to Phototherapy

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.75.2.422 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 422-441

Author(s):

Philip J. Lipsitz ◽

Lawrence M. Gartner ◽

Dolores A. Bryla

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

First Year ◽

Study Group ◽

Care Needs ◽

Death Rates ◽

Upper Level ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Weight Groups

Of all the parameters for assessing the effectiveness and safety of phototherapy in the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, none is as unambiguous as death. Although death rates are definitive, any relationship to the treatment modality or lack thereof may be confounded by other events. No prior data suggest the possibility of either enhanced or reduced mortality in infants treated with phototherapy.34,50 The groups were allocated randomly and the care given the two groups was the same, with the exception that one group received phototherapy. It was stipulated that research protocol requirements were at no time to take precedence over the medical care needs of the infant. RESULTS Seventy-two (10.7%) of the 672 newborns entered into the phototherapy group and 62 (9.3%) of the 667 newborns in the control group died during the first year of life. During the period prior to discharge from the nurseries, there were 68 (10.1%) deaths in the phototherapy group and 51 (7.6%) in the control group. All of the deaths except one in each group were in newborns who weighed less than 2,000 g at birth. These differences, as well as deaths in the first seven or 28 days of life, were not significantly different (X2 with Yates correction) when P < .05 was taken to be the upper level of significance (Table 1). DEATHS BY BIRTH WEIGHT SUBGROUPS The number of newborns entered into each study group and the deaths prior to discharge from the hospital for the birth weight groups 1,000 g or less and 1,001 to 1,999 g are indicated in Table 2.

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Age and growth of the four-spotted megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) in eastern Mediterranean waters

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315498000198 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 171-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

V. Vassilopoulou ◽

I. Ondrias

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Aegean Sea ◽

Age And Growth ◽

First Year ◽

The North ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Negative Effect ◽

North Aegean Sea ◽

First Year Of Life

This paper analyses the age and growth pattern of the four-spotted megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii), collected in the north Aegean Sea. The otoliths of the species exhibit bilateral asymmetry. Our data indicates that males have shorter lifespans (0–6 y) than females (0–8 y) and reach lower asymptotic lengths. A significant difference in growth rate exists between the two sexes after the first year of life. Growth in length is greater in females than males, whereas males appeared to be heavier than females of the same size. The latter was also corroborated by the higher accumulation of lipids in the muscle of males in relation to females. The growth rate of the species in the Atlantic was higher than in the Mediterranean. The oligotrophic character of the study area seemed to have a negative effect on the growth of megrims.

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Astragalus membranaceus - a perspective medicinal plant

сборник статей всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием "Растениеводство и луговодство" ◽

10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-82 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A.N. Tsitsilin ◽

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Astragalus Membranaceus ◽

Chinese Traditional Medicine ◽

First Year ◽

The North ◽

Second Year ◽

Viable Seeds ◽

First Year Of Life

Roots of Astragalus membranaceus called "huang qi" are included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and have been used in Chinese traditional medicine for hundreds of years. In China, it is mainly grown in the north and northeastern part. Under the conditions of the VILAR Botanical Garden, Astragalus membranaceus blooms in the first year of life, forming viable seeds in October. In the second year of life, it forms stems that are higher (by 50-70%) than in nature.

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Beliefs and Traditions Related to a Child's First Year of Life: A Study of the North-west of Portugal

Anthropology and Medicine ◽

10.1080/13648470600863589 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 253-264

Author(s):

Paula Cristina Almeida Remoaldo ◽

Elódia Eulália Lopes Canteiro

Keyword(s):

First Year ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

First Year Of Life

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Alzheimer in Brazil, epidemiology of the last 5 years

10.5327/1516-3180.010 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Caio Felipe Thomazin Panicio ◽

André Felipe Cortez Mendes ◽

Felipe Lisboa Falkoni de Morais ◽

Letícia Crellis Munuera, Lucas Rossato Pacheco ◽

Natalia Saez Duarte

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Study ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Age Group ◽

80 And Over ◽

The North ◽

Neurodegenerative Pathology ◽

Neuropsychiatric Manifestations ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Age And Sex

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent neurodegenerative pathology associated with age, being progressive, insidious and irreversible, whose cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations result in an eventual disability. Thus, the interest in evaluating the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations in Brazil, according to age and sex in the period of 5 years. Methods: Ecological and descriptive study. The data collection for this study was based on results obtained through the Health Information (TABNET) and the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS) in the period from 2016 to 2020. Results: In the period of 5 years, 7,431 admissions for Alzheimer’s were registered, with the highest prevalence in the Southeast, with 4,192 cases (56.41% of total admissions), followed by the South, with 1,727 cases (23.24%). The least incident region was in the North, with 199 cases. There was a predominance of females, with 4,842 cases (65.15%). The most affected age group was between 80 and over, with 4,398 cases, followed by between 70 and 79, with 2,117. From 2016 to 2020, there was a decrease of 19.25% in the number of hospitalizations, however it had a progressive increase until 2019, being the most incident year. Conclusion: The profile was given by a female figure over 80 years old, from the Southeast. As for the progressive increase until 2019, it is necessary to implement measures and policies guiding and welcoming these patients and their families, promoting a better quality of life for the affected population.

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Urbanization and Differentials in White and Nonwhite Infant Mortality

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.56.5.777 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 777-781

Author(s):

Marion Johnson Chabot ◽

Joseph Garfinkel ◽

Margaret W. Pratt

Keyword(s):

Infant Mortality ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

First Year ◽

Death Rates ◽

Nonwhite Population ◽

Annual Total ◽

First Year Of Life

This study analyzes infant deaths in the United States, 1962 to 1967, by place of residence, to determine to what degree variations in age at death are related to degree of urbanization and race. Results of the study indicate that: (1) after one day of life infant mortality increases progressively as degree of urbanization decreases; (2) the differences between urban and rural death rates are greatest in the posthebdomadal (1 week or older) period; (3) in all age groups at all levels of urbanization, the nonwhite infant is at a marked disadvantage relative to the white infant; (4) the older the infant, the greater the disadvantage for nonwhite infants in rural areas; (5) had the white infant mortality rate prevailed among the nonwhite population over the six-year period from 1962 to 1967 an estimated annual total of 11,597 nonwhite infants would have survived their first year of life; (6) 40% of the excess deaths are in infants under 7 days and 60% in the posthebdomadal period; (7) fetal death rates increase progressively as degree of urbanization decreases, complementing a direct relationship between under 1 day mortality and urbanization resulting in a level trend for perinatal mortality.

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La sindrome di Aicardi-Goutières

Rivista di Neuroradiologia ◽

10.1177/197140090301600334 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 511-514

Author(s):

C. Uggetti ◽

E. Fazzi ◽

S. D'Arrigo ◽

F. Zappoli ◽

G. Lanzi

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Autosomal Recessive ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Specific Pattern ◽

First Year ◽

White Matter Changes ◽

Basal Nuclei ◽

Progressive Encephalopathy ◽

Neuroradiological Diagnosis ◽

First Year Of Life

We describe the clinical and neuroradiological features of eleven patients with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, a rare and severe progressive encephalopathy with onset in the first year of life. The syndrome is autosomal recessive with varying clinical presentation and course. Our patients were studied by CT and MR imaging and findings were in agreement with literature reports. Calcification of the basal nuclei was found in 100% of cases and six patients presented a progressive increase in the number and size of the calcifications which were bilateral and largely symmetrical. White matter changes were seen in 76% of cases without a specific pattern of distribution. Early neuroradiological diagnosis of suspect Aicardi-Goutières syndrome is established by ruling out other pathological processes and the site and features of the calcifications rather than the white matter changes is important to then search for typical CSF changes.

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A first priority–Childhood automobile safety

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.58.3.307 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 307-308

Author(s):

Thomas E. Reichelderfer

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Medical Care ◽

Cause Of Death ◽

First Year ◽

Accidental Death ◽

Death Rates ◽

Automobile Safety ◽

Marked Decline ◽

First Year Of Life

Pediatricians are well acquainted with the fact that accidents are the leading cause of death in children after the first year of life, and that the automobile causes more deaths than all other accidental causes combined. During the last 20 years, while the death rates from infectious diseases and other causes have shown a marked decline, death rates from accidents, in children under 4 years of age, have remained unchanged. It is all too apparent that vigorous action among those providing medical care for children must now be directed to the prevention of accidental death and injury, particularly from the automobile.

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